Table 1. Open in new tab Metabolic...

Variable	Baseline	P Value (FvM)
Age, y	24.6 ± 3.8	24.5 ± 4.2	24.8 ± 2.9	.98
BW, kg	75.5 ± 14.4	80.2 ± 12.9	61.2 ± 7.5	.0063
BMI, kg/m²	25.6 ± 5.20	26.4 ± 5.59	23.0 ± 2.59	.20
FFM, kg	58.4 ± 12.7	63.7 ± 9.57	42.5 ± 5.43	0.0002
FM, kg	17.0 ± 5.2	16.5 ± 5.59	18.6 ± 3.81	0.44
Body fat, %	22.8 ± 6.7	20.2 ± 5.22	30.4 ± 4.58	0.0011
TAT mass, kg	6.6 ± 3.0	6.65 ± 3.26	6.40 ± 2.16	0.87
VAT mass, kg	1.96 ± 1.25	2.19 ± 1.34	1.28 ± 0.60	0.16
DSAT mass, kg	1.55 ± 1.41	1.50 ± 0.39	1.47 ± 1.25	0.88
Fat cell size, μg	0.613 ± 0.23	0.64 ± 0.25	0.54 ± 0.15	0.40
Av-liver, HU	66.2 ± 4.47	66.3 ± 5.07	66.0 ± 2.19	0.88
Av-spleen, HU	53.8 ± 2.54	53.8 ± 2.71	53.7 ± 2.26	0.91
L to S ratio, HU	1.23 ± 0.10	1.23 0.10	1.23 0.09	0.96
Fasting glucose, mg/dL	89.1 ± 6.0	88.5 ± 5.7	90.9 ± 7.22	0.45
Fasting insulin, μU/mL	10.4 ± 5.86	10.61 ± 6.45	9.79 ± 4.11	0.79
Fasting FFAs, μEq	0.44 ± 0.12	0.43 ± 0.12	0.47 ± 0.12	0.55
SI step 1, mg/dL · min FFM	2.04 ± 0.82	1.98 ± 0.76	2.27 ± 1.04	.50
SI step 2, mg/dL · min FFM	8.22 ± 2.58	8.01 ± 2.77	8.92 ± 1.94	.50
FFA suppression step 1, %	56.8 ± 23.9	52.7 ± 26.6	68.2 ± 7.43	.22
FFA suppression step 2, %	98.7 ± 3.7	97.3 ± 4.2	99.2 ± 1.36	.33
Fasting RQ, AU	0.87 ± 0.03	0.87 ± 0.03	0.87 ± 0.03	.86
RQ step 2, AU	0.94 ± 0.06	0.94 ± 0.06	0.96 ± 0.04	.39
HOMA-IR, AU	2.82 ± 1.41	2.74 ± 1.37	3.09 ± 1.66	.64
AIRg	933 ± 574	896 ± 571	1039 ± 637	.65

Variable

Baseline

P Value (FvM)

Pooled (n = 20)

Male (n = 15)

Female (n = 5)

Age, y

24.6 ± 3.8

24.5 ± 4.2

24.8 ± 2.9

.98

BW, kg

75.5 ± 14.4

80.2 ± 12.9

61.2 ± 7.5

.0063

BMI, kg/m²

25.6 ± 5.20

26.4 ± 5.59

23.0 ± 2.59

.20

FFM, kg

58.4 ± 12.7

63.7 ± 9.57

42.5 ± 5.43

0.0002

FM, kg

17.0 ± 5.2

16.5 ± 5.59

18.6 ± 3.81

0.44

Body fat, %

22.8 ± 6.7

20.2 ± 5.22

30.4 ± 4.58

0.0011

TAT mass, kg

6.6 ± 3.0

6.65 ± 3.26

6.40 ± 2.16

0.87

VAT mass, kg

1.96 ± 1.25

2.19 ± 1.34

1.28 ± 0.60

0.16

DSAT mass, kg

1.55 ± 1.41

1.50 ± 0.39

1.47 ± 1.25

0.88

Fat cell size, μg

0.613 ± 0.23

0.64 ± 0.25

0.54 ± 0.15

0.40

Av-liver, HU

66.2 ± 4.47

66.3 ± 5.07

66.0 ± 2.19

0.88

Av-spleen, HU

53.8 ± 2.54

53.8 ± 2.71

53.7 ± 2.26

0.91

L to S ratio, HU

1.23 ± 0.10

1.23 0.10

1.23 0.09

0.96

Fasting glucose, mg/dL

89.1 ± 6.0

88.5 ± 5.7

90.9 ± 7.22

0.45

Fasting insulin, μU/mL

10.4 ± 5.86

10.61 ± 6.45

9.79 ± 4.11

0.79

Fasting FFAs, μEq

0.44 ± 0.12

0.43 ± 0.12

0.47 ± 0.12

0.55

SI step 1, mg/dL · min FFM

2.04 ± 0.82

1.98 ± 0.76

2.27 ± 1.04

.50

SI step 2, mg/dL · min FFM

8.22 ± 2.58

8.01 ± 2.77

8.92 ± 1.94

.50

FFA suppression step 1, %

56.8 ± 23.9

52.7 ± 26.6

68.2 ± 7.43

.22

FFA suppression step 2, %

98.7 ± 3.7

97.3 ± 4.2

99.2 ± 1.36

.33

Fasting RQ, AU

0.87 ± 0.03

.86

RQ step 2, AU

0.94 ± 0.06

0.96 ± 0.04

.39

HOMA-IR, AU

2.82 ± 1.41

2.74 ± 1.37

3.09 ± 1.66

.64

AIRg

933 ± 574

896 ± 571

1039 ± 637

.65

Variable	Baseline	P Value (FvM)
Age, y	24.6 ± 3.8	24.5 ± 4.2	24.8 ± 2.9	.98
BW, kg	75.5 ± 14.4	80.2 ± 12.9	61.2 ± 7.5	.0063
BMI, kg/m²	25.6 ± 5.20	26.4 ± 5.59	23.0 ± 2.59	.20
FFM, kg	58.4 ± 12.7	63.7 ± 9.57	42.5 ± 5.43	0.0002
FM, kg	17.0 ± 5.2	16.5 ± 5.59	18.6 ± 3.81	0.44
Body fat, %	22.8 ± 6.7	20.2 ± 5.22	30.4 ± 4.58	0.0011
TAT mass, kg	6.6 ± 3.0	6.65 ± 3.26	6.40 ± 2.16	0.87
VAT mass, kg	1.96 ± 1.25	2.19 ± 1.34	1.28 ± 0.60	0.16
DSAT mass, kg	1.55 ± 1.41	1.50 ± 0.39	1.47 ± 1.25	0.88
Fat cell size, μg	0.613 ± 0.23	0.64 ± 0.25	0.54 ± 0.15	0.40
Av-liver, HU	66.2 ± 4.47	66.3 ± 5.07	66.0 ± 2.19	0.88
Av-spleen, HU	53.8 ± 2.54	53.8 ± 2.71	53.7 ± 2.26	0.91
L to S ratio, HU	1.23 ± 0.10	1.23 0.10	1.23 0.09	0.96
Fasting glucose, mg/dL	89.1 ± 6.0	88.5 ± 5.7	90.9 ± 7.22	0.45
Fasting insulin, μU/mL	10.4 ± 5.86	10.61 ± 6.45	9.79 ± 4.11	0.79
Fasting FFAs, μEq	0.44 ± 0.12	0.43 ± 0.12	0.47 ± 0.12	0.55
SI step 1, mg/dL · min FFM	2.04 ± 0.82	1.98 ± 0.76	2.27 ± 1.04	.50
SI step 2, mg/dL · min FFM	8.22 ± 2.58	8.01 ± 2.77	8.92 ± 1.94	.50
FFA suppression step 1, %	56.8 ± 23.9	52.7 ± 26.6	68.2 ± 7.43	.22
FFA suppression step 2, %	98.7 ± 3.7	97.3 ± 4.2	99.2 ± 1.36	.33
Fasting RQ, AU	0.87 ± 0.03	0.87 ± 0.03	0.87 ± 0.03	.86
RQ step 2, AU	0.94 ± 0.06	0.94 ± 0.06	0.96 ± 0.04	.39
HOMA-IR, AU	2.82 ± 1.41	2.74 ± 1.37	3.09 ± 1.66	.64
AIRg	933 ± 574	896 ± 571	1039 ± 637	.65

Table 1.

Open in new tab

Metabolic Phenotype of the Study Participants at Baseline

Variable	Baseline			P Value (FvM)
Variable	Pooled (n = 20)	Male (n = 15)	Female (n = 5)	P Value (FvM)
Age, y	24.6 ± 3.8	24.5 ± 4.2	24.8 ± 2.9	.98
BW, kg	75.5 ± 14.4	80.2 ± 12.9	61.2 ± 7.5	.0063
BMI, kg/m²	25.6 ± 5.20	26.4 ± 5.59	23.0 ± 2.59	.20
FFM, kg	58.4 ± 12.7	63.7 ± 9.57	42.5 ± 5.43	0.0002
FM, kg	17.0 ± 5.2	16.5 ± 5.59	18.6 ± 3.81	0.44
Body fat, %	22.8 ± 6.7	20.2 ± 5.22	30.4 ± 4.58	0.0011
TAT mass, kg	6.6 ± 3.0	6.65 ± 3.26	6.40 ± 2.16	0.87
VAT mass, kg	1.96 ± 1.25	2.19 ± 1.34	1.28 ± 0.60	0.16
DSAT mass, kg	1.55 ± 1.41	1.50 ± 0.39	1.47 ± 1.25	0.88
Fat cell size, μg	0.613 ± 0.23	0.64 ± 0.25	0.54 ± 0.15	0.40
Av-liver, HU	66.2 ± 4.47	66.3 ± 5.07	66.0 ± 2.19	0.88
Av-spleen, HU	53.8 ± 2.54	53.8 ± 2.71	53.7 ± 2.26	0.91
L to S ratio, HU	1.23 ± 0.10	1.23 0.10	1.23 0.09	0.96
Fasting glucose, mg/dL	89.1 ± 6.0	88.5 ± 5.7	90.9 ± 7.22	0.45
Fasting insulin, μU/mL	10.4 ± 5.86	10.61 ± 6.45	9.79 ± 4.11	0.79
Fasting FFAs, μEq	0.44 ± 0.12	0.43 ± 0.12	0.47 ± 0.12	0.55
SI step 1, mg/dL · min FFM	2.04 ± 0.82	1.98 ± 0.76	2.27 ± 1.04	.50
SI step 2, mg/dL · min FFM	8.22 ± 2.58	8.01 ± 2.77	8.92 ± 1.94	.50
FFA suppression step 1, %	56.8 ± 23.9	52.7 ± 26.6	68.2 ± 7.43	.22
FFA suppression step 2, %	98.7 ± 3.7	97.3 ± 4.2	99.2 ± 1.36	.33
Fasting RQ, AU	0.87 ± 0.03	0.87 ± 0.03	0.87 ± 0.03	.86
RQ step 2, AU	0.94 ± 0.06	0.94 ± 0.06	0.96 ± 0.04	.39
HOMA-IR, AU	2.82 ± 1.41	2.74 ± 1.37	3.09 ± 1.66	.64
AIRg	933 ± 574	896 ± 571	1039 ± 637	.65

Variable	Baseline			P Value (FvM)
Variable	Pooled (n = 20)	Male (n = 15)	Female (n = 5)	P Value (FvM)
Age, y	24.6 ± 3.8	24.5 ± 4.2	24.8 ± 2.9	.98
BW, kg	75.5 ± 14.4	80.2 ± 12.9	61.2 ± 7.5	.0063
BMI, kg/m²	25.6 ± 5.20	26.4 ± 5.59	23.0 ± 2.59	.20
FFM, kg	58.4 ± 12.7	63.7 ± 9.57	42.5 ± 5.43	0.0002
FM, kg	17.0 ± 5.2	16.5 ± 5.59	18.6 ± 3.81	0.44
Body fat, %	22.8 ± 6.7	20.2 ± 5.22	30.4 ± 4.58	0.0011
TAT mass, kg	6.6 ± 3.0	6.65 ± 3.26	6.40 ± 2.16	0.87
VAT mass, kg	1.96 ± 1.25	2.19 ± 1.34	1.28 ± 0.60	0.16
DSAT mass, kg	1.55 ± 1.41	1.50 ± 0.39	1.47 ± 1.25	0.88
Fat cell size, μg	0.613 ± 0.23	0.64 ± 0.25	0.54 ± 0.15	0.40
Av-liver, HU	66.2 ± 4.47	66.3 ± 5.07	66.0 ± 2.19	0.88
Av-spleen, HU	53.8 ± 2.54	53.8 ± 2.71	53.7 ± 2.26	0.91
L to S ratio, HU	1.23 ± 0.10	1.23 0.10	1.23 0.09	0.96
Fasting glucose, mg/dL	89.1 ± 6.0	88.5 ± 5.7	90.9 ± 7.22	0.45
Fasting insulin, μU/mL	10.4 ± 5.86	10.61 ± 6.45	9.79 ± 4.11	0.79
Fasting FFAs, μEq	0.44 ± 0.12	0.43 ± 0.12	0.47 ± 0.12	0.55
SI step 1, mg/dL · min FFM	2.04 ± 0.82	1.98 ± 0.76	2.27 ± 1.04	.50
SI step 2, mg/dL · min FFM	8.22 ± 2.58	8.01 ± 2.77	8.92 ± 1.94	.50
FFA suppression step 1, %	56.8 ± 23.9	52.7 ± 26.6	68.2 ± 7.43	.22
FFA suppression step 2, %	98.7 ± 3.7	97.3 ± 4.2	99.2 ± 1.36	.33
Fasting RQ, AU	0.87 ± 0.03	0.87 ± 0.03	0.87 ± 0.03	.86
RQ step 2, AU	0.94 ± 0.06	0.94 ± 0.06	0.96 ± 0.04	.39
HOMA-IR, AU	2.82 ± 1.41	2.74 ± 1.37	3.09 ± 1.66	.64
AIRg	933 ± 574	896 ± 571	1039 ± 637	.65

Abbreviations: AU, arbitrary unit; Av, Average; FvM, female vs male; HU, Hounsfield unit; L, liver; S, spleen. Data are mean ± SD. Bold values are statistically significant differences at baseline between males and females.

This Feature Is Available To Subscribers Only