Distribution of Anthropometric and Metabolic Characteristics by HA and BMI (Adjusted Means ± se)
| Characteristic . | Nonobese . | Obese . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Without HA (n = 699) . | With HA (n = 243) . | Without HA (n = 1308) . | With HA (n = 236) . | |
| Age, y | 43.2 ± 15.9 | 49.4 ± 17.5b | 47.4 ± 13.1 | 52.9 ± 13.5e |
| Women, % | 59.7 | 65.4 | 77.8 | 81.4 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.1 ± 3.2 | 23.8 ± 3.2b | 39.2 ± 7.6 | 37.6 ± 6.5e |
| Adjusted for age, sex, BMI, and HT | ||||
| WHR | 0.89 ± 0.01 | 0.86 ± 0.01c | 0.92 ± 0.01 | 0.91 ± 0.01 |
| Hypertension, % | 41 ± 3 | 34 ± 4 | 47 ± 2 | 38 ± 4 |
| SBP, mm Hg | 128 ± 1 | 126 ± 1 | 129 ± 1 | 130 ± 1 |
| DBP, mm Hg | 80 ± 1 | 77 ± 1d | 81 ± 0.5 | 80 ± 1 |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus, % | 7 ± 1 | 3 ± 1 | 10 ± 1 | 10 ± 2 |
| HOMA-IR | 12.02 ± 1.9 | 8.9 ± 1.3b | 15.6 ± 1.2 | 8.6 ± 1.4f |
| Dyslipidemia, % | 76 ± 3 | 56 ± 5c | 86 ± 1 | 67 ± 4f |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L, mg/dL | 4.97 ± 0.05 | 4.87 ± 0.08 | 5.31 ± 0.05 | 5.28 ± 0.08 |
| (192 ± 2) | (188 ± 3) | (205 ± 2) | (204 ± 3) | |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L, mg/dL | 1.42 ± 0.06 | 1.20 ± 0.06 | 1.49 ± 0.05 | 1.83 ± 0.06e |
| (126 ± 5) | (106 ± 5)c | (132 ± 4) | (162 ± 5)c | |
| LDL-C, mmol/L, mg/dL | 3.13 ± 0.10 | 3.11 ± 0.10 | 3.44 ± 0.10 | 3.37 ± 0.13 |
| (Calculated) | (121 ± 4) | (120 ± 4) | (133 ± 4) | (130 ± 5) |
| HDL-C, mmol/L, mg/dL | 1.06 ± 0.03 | 1.19 ± 0.03 | 0.98 ± 0.03 | 1.17 ± 0.03 |
| (40 ± 1) | (46 ± 1)c | (38 ± 1) | (45 ± 1)f | |
| Adiponectin, μg/mLa | 7.5 ± 2.6 | 16.7 ± 5.4 | 7.1 ± 2.6 | 16.6 ± 4.5 |
| Without HA (n = 284) | With HA (n = 95) | Without HA (n = 469) | With HA (n = 85) | |
| TNF-α, pg/mLa | 4.19 ± 0.18 | 4.60 ± 0.26 | 5.46 ± 0.21 | 5.80 ± 0.40 |
| IL-6, pg/mLa | 5.00 ± 1.07 | 5.53 ± 0.85 | 7.52 ± 1.06 | 9.04 ± 1.57 |
| IL-1b, pg/mLa | 0.39 ± 0.05 | 0.37 ± 0.07 | 0.57 ± 0.08 | 0.67 ± 0.18 |
| Characteristic . | Nonobese . | Obese . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Without HA (n = 699) . | With HA (n = 243) . | Without HA (n = 1308) . | With HA (n = 236) . | |
| Age, y | 43.2 ± 15.9 | 49.4 ± 17.5b | 47.4 ± 13.1 | 52.9 ± 13.5e |
| Women, % | 59.7 | 65.4 | 77.8 | 81.4 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.1 ± 3.2 | 23.8 ± 3.2b | 39.2 ± 7.6 | 37.6 ± 6.5e |
| Adjusted for age, sex, BMI, and HT | ||||
| WHR | 0.89 ± 0.01 | 0.86 ± 0.01c | 0.92 ± 0.01 | 0.91 ± 0.01 |
| Hypertension, % | 41 ± 3 | 34 ± 4 | 47 ± 2 | 38 ± 4 |
| SBP, mm Hg | 128 ± 1 | 126 ± 1 | 129 ± 1 | 130 ± 1 |
| DBP, mm Hg | 80 ± 1 | 77 ± 1d | 81 ± 0.5 | 80 ± 1 |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus, % | 7 ± 1 | 3 ± 1 | 10 ± 1 | 10 ± 2 |
| HOMA-IR | 12.02 ± 1.9 | 8.9 ± 1.3b | 15.6 ± 1.2 | 8.6 ± 1.4f |
| Dyslipidemia, % | 76 ± 3 | 56 ± 5c | 86 ± 1 | 67 ± 4f |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L, mg/dL | 4.97 ± 0.05 | 4.87 ± 0.08 | 5.31 ± 0.05 | 5.28 ± 0.08 |
| (192 ± 2) | (188 ± 3) | (205 ± 2) | (204 ± 3) | |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L, mg/dL | 1.42 ± 0.06 | 1.20 ± 0.06 | 1.49 ± 0.05 | 1.83 ± 0.06e |
| (126 ± 5) | (106 ± 5)c | (132 ± 4) | (162 ± 5)c | |
| LDL-C, mmol/L, mg/dL | 3.13 ± 0.10 | 3.11 ± 0.10 | 3.44 ± 0.10 | 3.37 ± 0.13 |
| (Calculated) | (121 ± 4) | (120 ± 4) | (133 ± 4) | (130 ± 5) |
| HDL-C, mmol/L, mg/dL | 1.06 ± 0.03 | 1.19 ± 0.03 | 0.98 ± 0.03 | 1.17 ± 0.03 |
| (40 ± 1) | (46 ± 1)c | (38 ± 1) | (45 ± 1)f | |
| Adiponectin, μg/mLa | 7.5 ± 2.6 | 16.7 ± 5.4 | 7.1 ± 2.6 | 16.6 ± 4.5 |
| Without HA (n = 284) | With HA (n = 95) | Without HA (n = 469) | With HA (n = 85) | |
| TNF-α, pg/mLa | 4.19 ± 0.18 | 4.60 ± 0.26 | 5.46 ± 0.21 | 5.80 ± 0.40 |
| IL-6, pg/mLa | 5.00 ± 1.07 | 5.53 ± 0.85 | 7.52 ± 1.06 | 9.04 ± 1.57 |
| IL-1b, pg/mLa | 0.39 ± 0.05 | 0.37 ± 0.07 | 0.57 ± 0.08 | 0.67 ± 0.18 |
Means are adjusted for age, BMI, sex, HT, and all P values were adjusted for pairwise comparisons between the groups.
SI units not available and are expected to be statistically significantly different.
Among nonobese, bP ≤ .05; cP ≤ .001; dP ≤ .01.
Among obese, eP ≤ .05; fP ≤ .001.
Distribution of Anthropometric and Metabolic Characteristics by HA and BMI (Adjusted Means ± se)
| Characteristic . | Nonobese . | Obese . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Without HA (n = 699) . | With HA (n = 243) . | Without HA (n = 1308) . | With HA (n = 236) . | |
| Age, y | 43.2 ± 15.9 | 49.4 ± 17.5b | 47.4 ± 13.1 | 52.9 ± 13.5e |
| Women, % | 59.7 | 65.4 | 77.8 | 81.4 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.1 ± 3.2 | 23.8 ± 3.2b | 39.2 ± 7.6 | 37.6 ± 6.5e |
| Adjusted for age, sex, BMI, and HT | ||||
| WHR | 0.89 ± 0.01 | 0.86 ± 0.01c | 0.92 ± 0.01 | 0.91 ± 0.01 |
| Hypertension, % | 41 ± 3 | 34 ± 4 | 47 ± 2 | 38 ± 4 |
| SBP, mm Hg | 128 ± 1 | 126 ± 1 | 129 ± 1 | 130 ± 1 |
| DBP, mm Hg | 80 ± 1 | 77 ± 1d | 81 ± 0.5 | 80 ± 1 |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus, % | 7 ± 1 | 3 ± 1 | 10 ± 1 | 10 ± 2 |
| HOMA-IR | 12.02 ± 1.9 | 8.9 ± 1.3b | 15.6 ± 1.2 | 8.6 ± 1.4f |
| Dyslipidemia, % | 76 ± 3 | 56 ± 5c | 86 ± 1 | 67 ± 4f |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L, mg/dL | 4.97 ± 0.05 | 4.87 ± 0.08 | 5.31 ± 0.05 | 5.28 ± 0.08 |
| (192 ± 2) | (188 ± 3) | (205 ± 2) | (204 ± 3) | |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L, mg/dL | 1.42 ± 0.06 | 1.20 ± 0.06 | 1.49 ± 0.05 | 1.83 ± 0.06e |
| (126 ± 5) | (106 ± 5)c | (132 ± 4) | (162 ± 5)c | |
| LDL-C, mmol/L, mg/dL | 3.13 ± 0.10 | 3.11 ± 0.10 | 3.44 ± 0.10 | 3.37 ± 0.13 |
| (Calculated) | (121 ± 4) | (120 ± 4) | (133 ± 4) | (130 ± 5) |
| HDL-C, mmol/L, mg/dL | 1.06 ± 0.03 | 1.19 ± 0.03 | 0.98 ± 0.03 | 1.17 ± 0.03 |
| (40 ± 1) | (46 ± 1)c | (38 ± 1) | (45 ± 1)f | |
| Adiponectin, μg/mLa | 7.5 ± 2.6 | 16.7 ± 5.4 | 7.1 ± 2.6 | 16.6 ± 4.5 |
| Without HA (n = 284) | With HA (n = 95) | Without HA (n = 469) | With HA (n = 85) | |
| TNF-α, pg/mLa | 4.19 ± 0.18 | 4.60 ± 0.26 | 5.46 ± 0.21 | 5.80 ± 0.40 |
| IL-6, pg/mLa | 5.00 ± 1.07 | 5.53 ± 0.85 | 7.52 ± 1.06 | 9.04 ± 1.57 |
| IL-1b, pg/mLa | 0.39 ± 0.05 | 0.37 ± 0.07 | 0.57 ± 0.08 | 0.67 ± 0.18 |
| Characteristic . | Nonobese . | Obese . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Without HA (n = 699) . | With HA (n = 243) . | Without HA (n = 1308) . | With HA (n = 236) . | |
| Age, y | 43.2 ± 15.9 | 49.4 ± 17.5b | 47.4 ± 13.1 | 52.9 ± 13.5e |
| Women, % | 59.7 | 65.4 | 77.8 | 81.4 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.1 ± 3.2 | 23.8 ± 3.2b | 39.2 ± 7.6 | 37.6 ± 6.5e |
| Adjusted for age, sex, BMI, and HT | ||||
| WHR | 0.89 ± 0.01 | 0.86 ± 0.01c | 0.92 ± 0.01 | 0.91 ± 0.01 |
| Hypertension, % | 41 ± 3 | 34 ± 4 | 47 ± 2 | 38 ± 4 |
| SBP, mm Hg | 128 ± 1 | 126 ± 1 | 129 ± 1 | 130 ± 1 |
| DBP, mm Hg | 80 ± 1 | 77 ± 1d | 81 ± 0.5 | 80 ± 1 |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus, % | 7 ± 1 | 3 ± 1 | 10 ± 1 | 10 ± 2 |
| HOMA-IR | 12.02 ± 1.9 | 8.9 ± 1.3b | 15.6 ± 1.2 | 8.6 ± 1.4f |
| Dyslipidemia, % | 76 ± 3 | 56 ± 5c | 86 ± 1 | 67 ± 4f |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L, mg/dL | 4.97 ± 0.05 | 4.87 ± 0.08 | 5.31 ± 0.05 | 5.28 ± 0.08 |
| (192 ± 2) | (188 ± 3) | (205 ± 2) | (204 ± 3) | |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L, mg/dL | 1.42 ± 0.06 | 1.20 ± 0.06 | 1.49 ± 0.05 | 1.83 ± 0.06e |
| (126 ± 5) | (106 ± 5)c | (132 ± 4) | (162 ± 5)c | |
| LDL-C, mmol/L, mg/dL | 3.13 ± 0.10 | 3.11 ± 0.10 | 3.44 ± 0.10 | 3.37 ± 0.13 |
| (Calculated) | (121 ± 4) | (120 ± 4) | (133 ± 4) | (130 ± 5) |
| HDL-C, mmol/L, mg/dL | 1.06 ± 0.03 | 1.19 ± 0.03 | 0.98 ± 0.03 | 1.17 ± 0.03 |
| (40 ± 1) | (46 ± 1)c | (38 ± 1) | (45 ± 1)f | |
| Adiponectin, μg/mLa | 7.5 ± 2.6 | 16.7 ± 5.4 | 7.1 ± 2.6 | 16.6 ± 4.5 |
| Without HA (n = 284) | With HA (n = 95) | Without HA (n = 469) | With HA (n = 85) | |
| TNF-α, pg/mLa | 4.19 ± 0.18 | 4.60 ± 0.26 | 5.46 ± 0.21 | 5.80 ± 0.40 |
| IL-6, pg/mLa | 5.00 ± 1.07 | 5.53 ± 0.85 | 7.52 ± 1.06 | 9.04 ± 1.57 |
| IL-1b, pg/mLa | 0.39 ± 0.05 | 0.37 ± 0.07 | 0.57 ± 0.08 | 0.67 ± 0.18 |
Means are adjusted for age, BMI, sex, HT, and all P values were adjusted for pairwise comparisons between the groups.
SI units not available and are expected to be statistically significantly different.
Among nonobese, bP ≤ .05; cP ≤ .001; dP ≤ .01.
Among obese, eP ≤ .05; fP ≤ .001.
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