Table 1 Open in new tab Descriptive...

(1) All spells

(2) Secretary spells

(3) Governor spells

(4) Leader years

Measures of promotion

Promoted

0.26

0.18

0.34

0.07

Minister

0.29

0.18

0.40

0.08

NPC

0.31

0.19

0.42

0.08

CPPCC

0.33

0.22

0.45

0.09

Measures of connections

Connection

0.25

0.27

0.23

0.21

Class

0.07

0.05

Alumni

0.12

0.13

0.11

0.10

Birth province

0.41

0.44

0.39

0.36

Growth

0.11 (0.02)

Term length

4.29 (2.27)

4.39 (2.42)

4.18 (2.12)

3.23 (2.14)

Time-invariant covariates

Age

56.28 (3.93)

57.18 (3.90)

55.36 (3.75)

56.24 (3.75)

Previous growth

0.11 (0.02)

0.11 (0.03)

0.11 (0.02)

College graduate

0.82

Served in center

0.40

0.43

0.36

Home

0.23

0.15

0.31

0.26

Princeling

0.05

0.04

Time-variant covariates

PSC work province

0.24

0.23

0.24

PSC home province

0.26

0.25

0.28

0.22

Future/past connection

0.21

0.22

0.21

0.18

Workplace

0.31

0.35

0.27

0.24

Politburo connection

0.27

0.21

Observations

258

130

128

966

Table 1

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Descriptive statistics

	(1) All spells	(2) Secretary spells	(3) Governor spells	(4) Leader years
Measures of promotion
Promoted	0.26	0.18	0.34	0.07
Minister	0.29	0.18	0.40	0.08
NPC	0.31	0.19	0.42	0.08
CPPCC	0.33	0.22	0.45	0.09
Measures of connections
Connection	0.25	0.27	0.23	0.21
Class	0.07	0.07	0.07	0.05
Alumni	0.12	0.13	0.11	0.10
Birth province	0.41	0.44	0.39	0.36
Growth	0.11 (0.02)	0.11 (0.02)	0.11 (0.02)	0.11 (0.02)
Term length	4.29 (2.27)	4.39 (2.42)	4.18 (2.12)	3.23 (2.14)
Time-invariant covariates
Age	56.28 (3.93)	57.18 (3.90)	55.36 (3.75)	56.24 (3.75)
Previous growth	0.11 (0.02)	0.11 (0.02)	0.11 (0.03)	0.11 (0.02)
College graduate	0.82	0.82	0.82	0.82
Served in center	0.40	0.43	0.36	0.36
Home	0.23	0.15	0.31	0.26
Princeling	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.04
Time-variant covariates
PSC work province	0.24	0.24	0.23	0.24
PSC home province	0.26	0.25	0.28	0.22
Future/past connection	0.21	0.22	0.21	0.18
Workplace	0.31	0.35	0.27	0.24
Politburo connection	0.27	0.27	0.27	0.21
Observations	258	130	128	966

	(1) All spells	(2) Secretary spells	(3) Governor spells	(4) Leader years
Measures of promotion
Promoted	0.26	0.18	0.34	0.07
Minister	0.29	0.18	0.40	0.08
NPC	0.31	0.19	0.42	0.08
CPPCC	0.33	0.22	0.45	0.09
Measures of connections
Connection	0.25	0.27	0.23	0.21
Class	0.07	0.07	0.07	0.05
Alumni	0.12	0.13	0.11	0.10
Birth province	0.41	0.44	0.39	0.36
Growth	0.11 (0.02)	0.11 (0.02)	0.11 (0.02)	0.11 (0.02)
Term length	4.29 (2.27)	4.39 (2.42)	4.18 (2.12)	3.23 (2.14)
Time-invariant covariates
Age	56.28 (3.93)	57.18 (3.90)	55.36 (3.75)	56.24 (3.75)
Previous growth	0.11 (0.02)	0.11 (0.02)	0.11 (0.03)	0.11 (0.02)
College graduate	0.82	0.82	0.82	0.82
Served in center	0.40	0.43	0.36	0.36
Home	0.23	0.15	0.31	0.26
Princeling	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.04
Time-variant covariates
PSC work province	0.24	0.24	0.23	0.24
PSC home province	0.26	0.25	0.28	0.22
Future/past connection	0.21	0.22	0.21	0.18
Workplace	0.31	0.35	0.27	0.24
Politburo connection	0.27	0.27	0.27	0.21
Observations	258	130	128	966

Notes: Reported in each cell is the sample mean (and standard deviation in parentheses for continuous variables). The sample includes all leadership spells in column (1), provincial secretary spells in column (2), provincial governor spells in column (3) and leader–years in column (4). See Online Appendix Section G.2 for variable definitions. In columns (1)–(3), measures of promotion and Growth refer to the last year of the spell; measures of connections and time-variant covariates are the maximum value during the spell.

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