A proposed screening strategy for patients with glomerular diseases and suspected underlying malignancy.
| History, signs/symptoms . | Ask for constitutional symptoms; family history; thorough physical examination, especially for palpable lymph nodes, hepatomegaly, or splenomegaly; ask for symptoms of prostate enlargement . |
|---|---|
| Laboratory tests | Complete blood count, lactate dehydrogenase, liver and kidney function tests |
| Viral serology | Hepatitis B and C, human immunodeficiency virus, EBV, human papillomavirus |
| Tumor markersa | Carcinoembryonic Antigen, CA 125, CA 19–9, CA 15–3, Alpha Fetoprotein, Prostate-specific Antigen |
| Initial imaging | Chest X-ray, abdominal ultrasound |
| Step-up imaging techniques upon indication | CT of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis; consider PET/CT scan when there are signs of unexplainable inflammation |
| Routine age-specific screening | Fecal occult blood test, PAP smear, mammography, gastroscopy, colonoscopy |
| More specific tests | Urine cytology or cystoscopy for patients with risk factors and ongoing and unexplainable hematuria (especially when exposed to alkylating agents) Bone marrow biopsy when hematologic malignancy is suspected |
| History, signs/symptoms . | Ask for constitutional symptoms; family history; thorough physical examination, especially for palpable lymph nodes, hepatomegaly, or splenomegaly; ask for symptoms of prostate enlargement . |
|---|---|
| Laboratory tests | Complete blood count, lactate dehydrogenase, liver and kidney function tests |
| Viral serology | Hepatitis B and C, human immunodeficiency virus, EBV, human papillomavirus |
| Tumor markersa | Carcinoembryonic Antigen, CA 125, CA 19–9, CA 15–3, Alpha Fetoprotein, Prostate-specific Antigen |
| Initial imaging | Chest X-ray, abdominal ultrasound |
| Step-up imaging techniques upon indication | CT of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis; consider PET/CT scan when there are signs of unexplainable inflammation |
| Routine age-specific screening | Fecal occult blood test, PAP smear, mammography, gastroscopy, colonoscopy |
| More specific tests | Urine cytology or cystoscopy for patients with risk factors and ongoing and unexplainable hematuria (especially when exposed to alkylating agents) Bone marrow biopsy when hematologic malignancy is suspected |
Consider the impact of nephrotic syndrome and/or chronic kidney disease on serum levels.
Abbreviation: CT, computed tomography; EBV, Epstein-Barr virus; PET, positron emission tomography.
A proposed screening strategy for patients with glomerular diseases and suspected underlying malignancy.
| History, signs/symptoms . | Ask for constitutional symptoms; family history; thorough physical examination, especially for palpable lymph nodes, hepatomegaly, or splenomegaly; ask for symptoms of prostate enlargement . |
|---|---|
| Laboratory tests | Complete blood count, lactate dehydrogenase, liver and kidney function tests |
| Viral serology | Hepatitis B and C, human immunodeficiency virus, EBV, human papillomavirus |
| Tumor markersa | Carcinoembryonic Antigen, CA 125, CA 19–9, CA 15–3, Alpha Fetoprotein, Prostate-specific Antigen |
| Initial imaging | Chest X-ray, abdominal ultrasound |
| Step-up imaging techniques upon indication | CT of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis; consider PET/CT scan when there are signs of unexplainable inflammation |
| Routine age-specific screening | Fecal occult blood test, PAP smear, mammography, gastroscopy, colonoscopy |
| More specific tests | Urine cytology or cystoscopy for patients with risk factors and ongoing and unexplainable hematuria (especially when exposed to alkylating agents) Bone marrow biopsy when hematologic malignancy is suspected |
| History, signs/symptoms . | Ask for constitutional symptoms; family history; thorough physical examination, especially for palpable lymph nodes, hepatomegaly, or splenomegaly; ask for symptoms of prostate enlargement . |
|---|---|
| Laboratory tests | Complete blood count, lactate dehydrogenase, liver and kidney function tests |
| Viral serology | Hepatitis B and C, human immunodeficiency virus, EBV, human papillomavirus |
| Tumor markersa | Carcinoembryonic Antigen, CA 125, CA 19–9, CA 15–3, Alpha Fetoprotein, Prostate-specific Antigen |
| Initial imaging | Chest X-ray, abdominal ultrasound |
| Step-up imaging techniques upon indication | CT of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis; consider PET/CT scan when there are signs of unexplainable inflammation |
| Routine age-specific screening | Fecal occult blood test, PAP smear, mammography, gastroscopy, colonoscopy |
| More specific tests | Urine cytology or cystoscopy for patients with risk factors and ongoing and unexplainable hematuria (especially when exposed to alkylating agents) Bone marrow biopsy when hematologic malignancy is suspected |
Consider the impact of nephrotic syndrome and/or chronic kidney disease on serum levels.
Abbreviation: CT, computed tomography; EBV, Epstein-Barr virus; PET, positron emission tomography.
This PDF is available to Subscribers Only
View Article Abstract & Purchase OptionsFor full access to this pdf, sign in to an existing account, or purchase an annual subscription.
