Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients With Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia According to Mode of Acquisition
| Characteristic . | All Episodes (N = 1703) . | Community-Acquired (n = 502) . | Healthcare-Associated (n = 698) . | Hospital-Acquired (n = 503) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male sex | 1107 (65) | 334 (67) | 465 (67) | 308 (61) |
| Age, y, median (IQR) | 75 (63–84) | 73 (59–83) | 77 (67–86) | 75 (63–83) |
| Pacemaker and/or ICD | 197 (12) | 44 (9) | 91 (13) | 62 (13) |
| Prosthetic heart valve | 69 (4) | 13 (3) | 33 (5) | 23 (5) |
| Vascular graft | 12 (1) | 6 (1) | 2 (<1) | 4 (1) |
| Arthroplasty | 120 (7) | 40 (8) | 48 (7) | 32 (6) |
| Intravenous drug use | 24 (1) | 19 (4) | 5 (1) | 0 |
| Hemodialysis | 66 (4) | 0 | 58 (8) | 8 (2) |
| CCI score, median (IQR) | 2 (1–3) | 1 (0–2) | 2 (1–4) | 2 (1–3) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 484 (28) | 138 (28) | 206 (30) | 140 (28) |
| Myocardial infarction | 210 (12) | 41 (8) | 103 (15) | 66 (13) |
| Congestive heart failure | 461 (27) | 84 (17) | 203 (29) | 174 (35) |
| Stroke or TIA | 283 (17) | 55 (11) | 135 (20) | 93 (19) |
| Dementia | 144 (9) | 18 (4) | 105 (15) | 21 (4) |
| Solid tumor | 131 (8) | 29 (6) | 61 (9) | 41 (8) |
| Metastatic cancer | 78 (5) | 14 (3) | 42 (6) | 22 (4) |
| MRSA bacteremia | 23 (1) | 7 (1) | 10 (1) | 6 (1) |
| Time to positivity, h, median (IQR) | 13 (9.8–17.5) | 12.8 (9.1–17) | 13 (9.6–18) | 12.8 (10–17) |
| 1st quartile (2–9.7 h) | 424 (25) | 138 (28) | 180a (26) | 106 (21) |
| 2nd quartile (9.8–13 h) | 420 (25) | 119 (25) | 150a (22) | 151 (30) |
| 3rd quartile (13.1–17.3 h) | 430 (25) | 127 (25) | 176a (25) | 127 (25) |
| 4th quartile (17.4.1–110.2 h) | 428 (25) | 118 (24) | 191a (27) | 119 (24) |
| Follow-up culture within 24–96 h | 496 (29) | 156 (31) | 173 (25) | 167 (33) |
| Persistent bacteremia | 333/496 (67) | 108/156 (69) | 120/173 (69) | 105/167 (63) |
| TTE and/or TEE | 1102 (65) | 363 (72) | 410 (59) | 329 (65) |
| Infective endocarditis | 154 (9) | 68 (14) | 54 (8) | 32 (6) |
| Readmission within 30 d | 294 (17) | 79 (16) | 121 (17) | 94 (19) |
| Related to SAB | 56 (3) | 21 (4) | 20 (3) | 15 (3) |
| Mortality within 96 h | 146 (9) | 27 (5) | 76 (11) | 43 (9) |
| 30-day mortality | 406 (24) | 79 (16) | 185 (27) | 142 (28) |
| Characteristic . | All Episodes (N = 1703) . | Community-Acquired (n = 502) . | Healthcare-Associated (n = 698) . | Hospital-Acquired (n = 503) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male sex | 1107 (65) | 334 (67) | 465 (67) | 308 (61) |
| Age, y, median (IQR) | 75 (63–84) | 73 (59–83) | 77 (67–86) | 75 (63–83) |
| Pacemaker and/or ICD | 197 (12) | 44 (9) | 91 (13) | 62 (13) |
| Prosthetic heart valve | 69 (4) | 13 (3) | 33 (5) | 23 (5) |
| Vascular graft | 12 (1) | 6 (1) | 2 (<1) | 4 (1) |
| Arthroplasty | 120 (7) | 40 (8) | 48 (7) | 32 (6) |
| Intravenous drug use | 24 (1) | 19 (4) | 5 (1) | 0 |
| Hemodialysis | 66 (4) | 0 | 58 (8) | 8 (2) |
| CCI score, median (IQR) | 2 (1–3) | 1 (0–2) | 2 (1–4) | 2 (1–3) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 484 (28) | 138 (28) | 206 (30) | 140 (28) |
| Myocardial infarction | 210 (12) | 41 (8) | 103 (15) | 66 (13) |
| Congestive heart failure | 461 (27) | 84 (17) | 203 (29) | 174 (35) |
| Stroke or TIA | 283 (17) | 55 (11) | 135 (20) | 93 (19) |
| Dementia | 144 (9) | 18 (4) | 105 (15) | 21 (4) |
| Solid tumor | 131 (8) | 29 (6) | 61 (9) | 41 (8) |
| Metastatic cancer | 78 (5) | 14 (3) | 42 (6) | 22 (4) |
| MRSA bacteremia | 23 (1) | 7 (1) | 10 (1) | 6 (1) |
| Time to positivity, h, median (IQR) | 13 (9.8–17.5) | 12.8 (9.1–17) | 13 (9.6–18) | 12.8 (10–17) |
| 1st quartile (2–9.7 h) | 424 (25) | 138 (28) | 180a (26) | 106 (21) |
| 2nd quartile (9.8–13 h) | 420 (25) | 119 (25) | 150a (22) | 151 (30) |
| 3rd quartile (13.1–17.3 h) | 430 (25) | 127 (25) | 176a (25) | 127 (25) |
| 4th quartile (17.4.1–110.2 h) | 428 (25) | 118 (24) | 191a (27) | 119 (24) |
| Follow-up culture within 24–96 h | 496 (29) | 156 (31) | 173 (25) | 167 (33) |
| Persistent bacteremia | 333/496 (67) | 108/156 (69) | 120/173 (69) | 105/167 (63) |
| TTE and/or TEE | 1102 (65) | 363 (72) | 410 (59) | 329 (65) |
| Infective endocarditis | 154 (9) | 68 (14) | 54 (8) | 32 (6) |
| Readmission within 30 d | 294 (17) | 79 (16) | 121 (17) | 94 (19) |
| Related to SAB | 56 (3) | 21 (4) | 20 (3) | 15 (3) |
| Mortality within 96 h | 146 (9) | 27 (5) | 76 (11) | 43 (9) |
| 30-day mortality | 406 (24) | 79 (16) | 185 (27) | 142 (28) |
Data are presented as No. (%) unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations: CCI, Charlson comorbidity index; ICD, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator; IQR, interquartile range; MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; SAB, Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia; TEE, transesophageal echocardiography; TIA, transient ischemic attack; TTE, transthoracic echocardiography.
aMissing time to positivity data for 1 case.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients With Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia According to Mode of Acquisition
| Characteristic . | All Episodes (N = 1703) . | Community-Acquired (n = 502) . | Healthcare-Associated (n = 698) . | Hospital-Acquired (n = 503) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male sex | 1107 (65) | 334 (67) | 465 (67) | 308 (61) |
| Age, y, median (IQR) | 75 (63–84) | 73 (59–83) | 77 (67–86) | 75 (63–83) |
| Pacemaker and/or ICD | 197 (12) | 44 (9) | 91 (13) | 62 (13) |
| Prosthetic heart valve | 69 (4) | 13 (3) | 33 (5) | 23 (5) |
| Vascular graft | 12 (1) | 6 (1) | 2 (<1) | 4 (1) |
| Arthroplasty | 120 (7) | 40 (8) | 48 (7) | 32 (6) |
| Intravenous drug use | 24 (1) | 19 (4) | 5 (1) | 0 |
| Hemodialysis | 66 (4) | 0 | 58 (8) | 8 (2) |
| CCI score, median (IQR) | 2 (1–3) | 1 (0–2) | 2 (1–4) | 2 (1–3) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 484 (28) | 138 (28) | 206 (30) | 140 (28) |
| Myocardial infarction | 210 (12) | 41 (8) | 103 (15) | 66 (13) |
| Congestive heart failure | 461 (27) | 84 (17) | 203 (29) | 174 (35) |
| Stroke or TIA | 283 (17) | 55 (11) | 135 (20) | 93 (19) |
| Dementia | 144 (9) | 18 (4) | 105 (15) | 21 (4) |
| Solid tumor | 131 (8) | 29 (6) | 61 (9) | 41 (8) |
| Metastatic cancer | 78 (5) | 14 (3) | 42 (6) | 22 (4) |
| MRSA bacteremia | 23 (1) | 7 (1) | 10 (1) | 6 (1) |
| Time to positivity, h, median (IQR) | 13 (9.8–17.5) | 12.8 (9.1–17) | 13 (9.6–18) | 12.8 (10–17) |
| 1st quartile (2–9.7 h) | 424 (25) | 138 (28) | 180a (26) | 106 (21) |
| 2nd quartile (9.8–13 h) | 420 (25) | 119 (25) | 150a (22) | 151 (30) |
| 3rd quartile (13.1–17.3 h) | 430 (25) | 127 (25) | 176a (25) | 127 (25) |
| 4th quartile (17.4.1–110.2 h) | 428 (25) | 118 (24) | 191a (27) | 119 (24) |
| Follow-up culture within 24–96 h | 496 (29) | 156 (31) | 173 (25) | 167 (33) |
| Persistent bacteremia | 333/496 (67) | 108/156 (69) | 120/173 (69) | 105/167 (63) |
| TTE and/or TEE | 1102 (65) | 363 (72) | 410 (59) | 329 (65) |
| Infective endocarditis | 154 (9) | 68 (14) | 54 (8) | 32 (6) |
| Readmission within 30 d | 294 (17) | 79 (16) | 121 (17) | 94 (19) |
| Related to SAB | 56 (3) | 21 (4) | 20 (3) | 15 (3) |
| Mortality within 96 h | 146 (9) | 27 (5) | 76 (11) | 43 (9) |
| 30-day mortality | 406 (24) | 79 (16) | 185 (27) | 142 (28) |
| Characteristic . | All Episodes (N = 1703) . | Community-Acquired (n = 502) . | Healthcare-Associated (n = 698) . | Hospital-Acquired (n = 503) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male sex | 1107 (65) | 334 (67) | 465 (67) | 308 (61) |
| Age, y, median (IQR) | 75 (63–84) | 73 (59–83) | 77 (67–86) | 75 (63–83) |
| Pacemaker and/or ICD | 197 (12) | 44 (9) | 91 (13) | 62 (13) |
| Prosthetic heart valve | 69 (4) | 13 (3) | 33 (5) | 23 (5) |
| Vascular graft | 12 (1) | 6 (1) | 2 (<1) | 4 (1) |
| Arthroplasty | 120 (7) | 40 (8) | 48 (7) | 32 (6) |
| Intravenous drug use | 24 (1) | 19 (4) | 5 (1) | 0 |
| Hemodialysis | 66 (4) | 0 | 58 (8) | 8 (2) |
| CCI score, median (IQR) | 2 (1–3) | 1 (0–2) | 2 (1–4) | 2 (1–3) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 484 (28) | 138 (28) | 206 (30) | 140 (28) |
| Myocardial infarction | 210 (12) | 41 (8) | 103 (15) | 66 (13) |
| Congestive heart failure | 461 (27) | 84 (17) | 203 (29) | 174 (35) |
| Stroke or TIA | 283 (17) | 55 (11) | 135 (20) | 93 (19) |
| Dementia | 144 (9) | 18 (4) | 105 (15) | 21 (4) |
| Solid tumor | 131 (8) | 29 (6) | 61 (9) | 41 (8) |
| Metastatic cancer | 78 (5) | 14 (3) | 42 (6) | 22 (4) |
| MRSA bacteremia | 23 (1) | 7 (1) | 10 (1) | 6 (1) |
| Time to positivity, h, median (IQR) | 13 (9.8–17.5) | 12.8 (9.1–17) | 13 (9.6–18) | 12.8 (10–17) |
| 1st quartile (2–9.7 h) | 424 (25) | 138 (28) | 180a (26) | 106 (21) |
| 2nd quartile (9.8–13 h) | 420 (25) | 119 (25) | 150a (22) | 151 (30) |
| 3rd quartile (13.1–17.3 h) | 430 (25) | 127 (25) | 176a (25) | 127 (25) |
| 4th quartile (17.4.1–110.2 h) | 428 (25) | 118 (24) | 191a (27) | 119 (24) |
| Follow-up culture within 24–96 h | 496 (29) | 156 (31) | 173 (25) | 167 (33) |
| Persistent bacteremia | 333/496 (67) | 108/156 (69) | 120/173 (69) | 105/167 (63) |
| TTE and/or TEE | 1102 (65) | 363 (72) | 410 (59) | 329 (65) |
| Infective endocarditis | 154 (9) | 68 (14) | 54 (8) | 32 (6) |
| Readmission within 30 d | 294 (17) | 79 (16) | 121 (17) | 94 (19) |
| Related to SAB | 56 (3) | 21 (4) | 20 (3) | 15 (3) |
| Mortality within 96 h | 146 (9) | 27 (5) | 76 (11) | 43 (9) |
| 30-day mortality | 406 (24) | 79 (16) | 185 (27) | 142 (28) |
Data are presented as No. (%) unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations: CCI, Charlson comorbidity index; ICD, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator; IQR, interquartile range; MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; SAB, Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia; TEE, transesophageal echocardiography; TIA, transient ischemic attack; TTE, transthoracic echocardiography.
aMissing time to positivity data for 1 case.
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