| . | All de novo HFrEF patients . | GRMT naïve patients . | Patients using ≥1 GRMT drug class prior to HF diagnosis . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients, n | 1508 | 790 | 718 | |
| Age, years, (median [IQR]) | 70 [62, 77] | 69 [59, 76] | 72 [64, 78] | <.001 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 466 (30.9) | 239 (30.3) | 227 (31.6) | .61 |
| Non-ischaemic CMP, n (%) | 952 (64.0) | 541 (69.4) | 411 (58.0) | <.001 |
| NYHA functional class, n (%) | .01 | |||
| I | 142 (9.6) | 91 (11.7) | 51 (7.2) | |
| II | 1020 (68.8) | 523 (67.4) | 497 (70.3) | |
| III | 249 (16.8) | 119 (15.3) | 130 (18.4) | |
| IV | 72 (4.9) | 43 (5.5) | 29 (4.1) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 (median [IQR]) | 25.9 [23.2, 29.5] | 25.7 [22.9, 29.1] | 26.2 [23.6, 29.9] | .03 |
| Systolic BP, mm Hg (mean (SD)) | 126.9 (21.7) | 125.9 (22.5) | 127.9 (20.8) | .07 |
| Diastolic BP, mm Hg (mean (SD)) | 76.1 (13.1) | 76.0 (13.4) | 76.1 (12.9) | .92 |
| Heart rate, b.p.m. (median [IQR]) | 81 [68, 95] | 81 [68, 96] | 80 [68, 93] | .13 |
| Heart rhythm (%) | <.001 | |||
| SR | 1059 (71.4) | 610 (78.5) | 449 (63.6) | |
| AF | 385 (26.0) | 147 (18.9) | 238 (33.7) | |
| PM | 39 (2.6) | 20 (2.6) | 19 (2.7) | |
| LVEF, %, (median [IQR]) | 30 [25, 35] | 29 [23, 35] | 30 [25, 35] | <.001 |
| History of stroke, n (%) | 132 (8.8) | 56 (7.1) | 76 (10.6) | .02 |
| History of hypertension, n (%) | 775 (51.4) | 307 (38.9) | 468 (65.2) | <.001 |
| History of hypercholesterolemia, n (%) | 535 (35.5) | 238 (30.1) | 297 (41.4) | <.001 |
| Obesity, n (%) | 323 (21.4) | 151 (19.1) | 172 (24.0) | .03 |
| History of diabetes, n (%) | 318 (21.1) | 127 (16.1) | 191 (26.6) | <.001 |
| Smoking, n (%) | .01 | |||
| No | 631 (43.3) | 327 (43.0) | 304 (43.7) | |
| Quit | 558 (38.3) | 273 (35.9) | 285 (40.9) | |
| Yes | 268 (18.4) | 161 (21.2) | 107 (15.4) | |
| History of COPD, n (%) | 157 (10.4) | 76 (9.6) | 81 (11.3) | .33 |
| History of OSAS, n (%) | 123 (8.2) | 55 (7.0) | 68 (9.5) | .09 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 (median [IQR]) | 66 [53, 81] | 69 [54, 82] | 64 [51, 80] | .01 |
| eGFR category, n (%) | .01 | |||
| <30 | 52 (3.5) | 24 (3.1) | 28 (3.9) | |
| 30–59 | 509 (34.2) | 241 (30.9) | 268 (37.8) | |
| ≥60 | 929 (62.3) | 516 (66.1) | 413 (58.3) | |
| NTproBNP, pg/mL (median [IQR]) | 1882 [787, 4575] | 1860 [755, 4345] | 1962 [819, 4740] | .25 |
| . | All de novo HFrEF patients . | GRMT naïve patients . | Patients using ≥1 GRMT drug class prior to HF diagnosis . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients, n | 1508 | 790 | 718 | |
| Age, years, (median [IQR]) | 70 [62, 77] | 69 [59, 76] | 72 [64, 78] | <.001 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 466 (30.9) | 239 (30.3) | 227 (31.6) | .61 |
| Non-ischaemic CMP, n (%) | 952 (64.0) | 541 (69.4) | 411 (58.0) | <.001 |
| NYHA functional class, n (%) | .01 | |||
| I | 142 (9.6) | 91 (11.7) | 51 (7.2) | |
| II | 1020 (68.8) | 523 (67.4) | 497 (70.3) | |
| III | 249 (16.8) | 119 (15.3) | 130 (18.4) | |
| IV | 72 (4.9) | 43 (5.5) | 29 (4.1) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 (median [IQR]) | 25.9 [23.2, 29.5] | 25.7 [22.9, 29.1] | 26.2 [23.6, 29.9] | .03 |
| Systolic BP, mm Hg (mean (SD)) | 126.9 (21.7) | 125.9 (22.5) | 127.9 (20.8) | .07 |
| Diastolic BP, mm Hg (mean (SD)) | 76.1 (13.1) | 76.0 (13.4) | 76.1 (12.9) | .92 |
| Heart rate, b.p.m. (median [IQR]) | 81 [68, 95] | 81 [68, 96] | 80 [68, 93] | .13 |
| Heart rhythm (%) | <.001 | |||
| SR | 1059 (71.4) | 610 (78.5) | 449 (63.6) | |
| AF | 385 (26.0) | 147 (18.9) | 238 (33.7) | |
| PM | 39 (2.6) | 20 (2.6) | 19 (2.7) | |
| LVEF, %, (median [IQR]) | 30 [25, 35] | 29 [23, 35] | 30 [25, 35] | <.001 |
| History of stroke, n (%) | 132 (8.8) | 56 (7.1) | 76 (10.6) | .02 |
| History of hypertension, n (%) | 775 (51.4) | 307 (38.9) | 468 (65.2) | <.001 |
| History of hypercholesterolemia, n (%) | 535 (35.5) | 238 (30.1) | 297 (41.4) | <.001 |
| Obesity, n (%) | 323 (21.4) | 151 (19.1) | 172 (24.0) | .03 |
| History of diabetes, n (%) | 318 (21.1) | 127 (16.1) | 191 (26.6) | <.001 |
| Smoking, n (%) | .01 | |||
| No | 631 (43.3) | 327 (43.0) | 304 (43.7) | |
| Quit | 558 (38.3) | 273 (35.9) | 285 (40.9) | |
| Yes | 268 (18.4) | 161 (21.2) | 107 (15.4) | |
| History of COPD, n (%) | 157 (10.4) | 76 (9.6) | 81 (11.3) | .33 |
| History of OSAS, n (%) | 123 (8.2) | 55 (7.0) | 68 (9.5) | .09 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 (median [IQR]) | 66 [53, 81] | 69 [54, 82] | 64 [51, 80] | .01 |
| eGFR category, n (%) | .01 | |||
| <30 | 52 (3.5) | 24 (3.1) | 28 (3.9) | |
| 30–59 | 509 (34.2) | 241 (30.9) | 268 (37.8) | |
| ≥60 | 929 (62.3) | 516 (66.1) | 413 (58.3) | |
| NTproBNP, pg/mL (median [IQR]) | 1882 [787, 4575] | 1860 [755, 4345] | 1962 [819, 4740] | .25 |
HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; GRMT, guideline-recommended medical therapy; HF, heart failure; IQR, inter-quartile range; CMP, cardiomyopathy; NYHA, New York Heart Association; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; SD, standard deviation; b.p.m.: beats per minute; SR, sinus rhythm; AF, atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter; PM, pacemaker; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; OSAS, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate.
| . | All de novo HFrEF patients . | GRMT naïve patients . | Patients using ≥1 GRMT drug class prior to HF diagnosis . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients, n | 1508 | 790 | 718 | |
| Age, years, (median [IQR]) | 70 [62, 77] | 69 [59, 76] | 72 [64, 78] | <.001 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 466 (30.9) | 239 (30.3) | 227 (31.6) | .61 |
| Non-ischaemic CMP, n (%) | 952 (64.0) | 541 (69.4) | 411 (58.0) | <.001 |
| NYHA functional class, n (%) | .01 | |||
| I | 142 (9.6) | 91 (11.7) | 51 (7.2) | |
| II | 1020 (68.8) | 523 (67.4) | 497 (70.3) | |
| III | 249 (16.8) | 119 (15.3) | 130 (18.4) | |
| IV | 72 (4.9) | 43 (5.5) | 29 (4.1) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 (median [IQR]) | 25.9 [23.2, 29.5] | 25.7 [22.9, 29.1] | 26.2 [23.6, 29.9] | .03 |
| Systolic BP, mm Hg (mean (SD)) | 126.9 (21.7) | 125.9 (22.5) | 127.9 (20.8) | .07 |
| Diastolic BP, mm Hg (mean (SD)) | 76.1 (13.1) | 76.0 (13.4) | 76.1 (12.9) | .92 |
| Heart rate, b.p.m. (median [IQR]) | 81 [68, 95] | 81 [68, 96] | 80 [68, 93] | .13 |
| Heart rhythm (%) | <.001 | |||
| SR | 1059 (71.4) | 610 (78.5) | 449 (63.6) | |
| AF | 385 (26.0) | 147 (18.9) | 238 (33.7) | |
| PM | 39 (2.6) | 20 (2.6) | 19 (2.7) | |
| LVEF, %, (median [IQR]) | 30 [25, 35] | 29 [23, 35] | 30 [25, 35] | <.001 |
| History of stroke, n (%) | 132 (8.8) | 56 (7.1) | 76 (10.6) | .02 |
| History of hypertension, n (%) | 775 (51.4) | 307 (38.9) | 468 (65.2) | <.001 |
| History of hypercholesterolemia, n (%) | 535 (35.5) | 238 (30.1) | 297 (41.4) | <.001 |
| Obesity, n (%) | 323 (21.4) | 151 (19.1) | 172 (24.0) | .03 |
| History of diabetes, n (%) | 318 (21.1) | 127 (16.1) | 191 (26.6) | <.001 |
| Smoking, n (%) | .01 | |||
| No | 631 (43.3) | 327 (43.0) | 304 (43.7) | |
| Quit | 558 (38.3) | 273 (35.9) | 285 (40.9) | |
| Yes | 268 (18.4) | 161 (21.2) | 107 (15.4) | |
| History of COPD, n (%) | 157 (10.4) | 76 (9.6) | 81 (11.3) | .33 |
| History of OSAS, n (%) | 123 (8.2) | 55 (7.0) | 68 (9.5) | .09 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 (median [IQR]) | 66 [53, 81] | 69 [54, 82] | 64 [51, 80] | .01 |
| eGFR category, n (%) | .01 | |||
| <30 | 52 (3.5) | 24 (3.1) | 28 (3.9) | |
| 30–59 | 509 (34.2) | 241 (30.9) | 268 (37.8) | |
| ≥60 | 929 (62.3) | 516 (66.1) | 413 (58.3) | |
| NTproBNP, pg/mL (median [IQR]) | 1882 [787, 4575] | 1860 [755, 4345] | 1962 [819, 4740] | .25 |
| . | All de novo HFrEF patients . | GRMT naïve patients . | Patients using ≥1 GRMT drug class prior to HF diagnosis . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients, n | 1508 | 790 | 718 | |
| Age, years, (median [IQR]) | 70 [62, 77] | 69 [59, 76] | 72 [64, 78] | <.001 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 466 (30.9) | 239 (30.3) | 227 (31.6) | .61 |
| Non-ischaemic CMP, n (%) | 952 (64.0) | 541 (69.4) | 411 (58.0) | <.001 |
| NYHA functional class, n (%) | .01 | |||
| I | 142 (9.6) | 91 (11.7) | 51 (7.2) | |
| II | 1020 (68.8) | 523 (67.4) | 497 (70.3) | |
| III | 249 (16.8) | 119 (15.3) | 130 (18.4) | |
| IV | 72 (4.9) | 43 (5.5) | 29 (4.1) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 (median [IQR]) | 25.9 [23.2, 29.5] | 25.7 [22.9, 29.1] | 26.2 [23.6, 29.9] | .03 |
| Systolic BP, mm Hg (mean (SD)) | 126.9 (21.7) | 125.9 (22.5) | 127.9 (20.8) | .07 |
| Diastolic BP, mm Hg (mean (SD)) | 76.1 (13.1) | 76.0 (13.4) | 76.1 (12.9) | .92 |
| Heart rate, b.p.m. (median [IQR]) | 81 [68, 95] | 81 [68, 96] | 80 [68, 93] | .13 |
| Heart rhythm (%) | <.001 | |||
| SR | 1059 (71.4) | 610 (78.5) | 449 (63.6) | |
| AF | 385 (26.0) | 147 (18.9) | 238 (33.7) | |
| PM | 39 (2.6) | 20 (2.6) | 19 (2.7) | |
| LVEF, %, (median [IQR]) | 30 [25, 35] | 29 [23, 35] | 30 [25, 35] | <.001 |
| History of stroke, n (%) | 132 (8.8) | 56 (7.1) | 76 (10.6) | .02 |
| History of hypertension, n (%) | 775 (51.4) | 307 (38.9) | 468 (65.2) | <.001 |
| History of hypercholesterolemia, n (%) | 535 (35.5) | 238 (30.1) | 297 (41.4) | <.001 |
| Obesity, n (%) | 323 (21.4) | 151 (19.1) | 172 (24.0) | .03 |
| History of diabetes, n (%) | 318 (21.1) | 127 (16.1) | 191 (26.6) | <.001 |
| Smoking, n (%) | .01 | |||
| No | 631 (43.3) | 327 (43.0) | 304 (43.7) | |
| Quit | 558 (38.3) | 273 (35.9) | 285 (40.9) | |
| Yes | 268 (18.4) | 161 (21.2) | 107 (15.4) | |
| History of COPD, n (%) | 157 (10.4) | 76 (9.6) | 81 (11.3) | .33 |
| History of OSAS, n (%) | 123 (8.2) | 55 (7.0) | 68 (9.5) | .09 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 (median [IQR]) | 66 [53, 81] | 69 [54, 82] | 64 [51, 80] | .01 |
| eGFR category, n (%) | .01 | |||
| <30 | 52 (3.5) | 24 (3.1) | 28 (3.9) | |
| 30–59 | 509 (34.2) | 241 (30.9) | 268 (37.8) | |
| ≥60 | 929 (62.3) | 516 (66.1) | 413 (58.3) | |
| NTproBNP, pg/mL (median [IQR]) | 1882 [787, 4575] | 1860 [755, 4345] | 1962 [819, 4740] | .25 |
HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; GRMT, guideline-recommended medical therapy; HF, heart failure; IQR, inter-quartile range; CMP, cardiomyopathy; NYHA, New York Heart Association; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; SD, standard deviation; b.p.m.: beats per minute; SR, sinus rhythm; AF, atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter; PM, pacemaker; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; OSAS, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate.
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