Table 2 Open in new tab Overall survival...

	Univariable	Multivariable*
Omental management			0.931			0.967
Omentectomy	—	—		—	—
Omental preservation	0.99	0.87,1.14		1.00	0.83,1.20
Age	1.03	1.02,1.04	<0.001	1.02	1.01,1.02	0.001
Sex			0.083			0.060
Male	—	—		—	—
Female	0.89	0.79,1.02		0.85	0.72,1.01
ASA score			<0.001			<0.001
I	—	—		—	—
II	1.51	1.28,1.79		1.39	1.11,1.74
III or higher	2.22	1.85,2.67		1.97	1.52,2.54
Clinical T stage			<0.001			<0.001
T1	—	—		—	—
T2	1.03	0.56,1.88		0.93	0.43,2.00
T3	1.63	0.90,2.97		1.68	0.78,3.61
T4	2.15	1.14,4.08		2.37	1.06,5.31
Clinical N stage			<0.001			<0.001
N0	—	—		—	—
N1	1.29	1.09,1.51		1.12	0.91,1.37
N2	1.63	1.26,2.10		1.89	1.40,2.56
N3	2.60	1.65,4.11		2.67	1.55,4.60
Type of gastrectomy			0.056			0.002
Total	—	—		—	—
Distal	0.88	0.78,1.00		0.76	0.64,0.91
Surgical approach			<0.001			0.829
Minimally invasive	—	—		—	—
Open	1.53	1.24,1.88		1.07	0.82,1.39
Conversion from minimally invasive to open	1.74	1.11,2.73		1.13	0.71,1.81
Extent of lymphadenectomy			<0.001			0.149
Less than D1+	—	—		—	—
D1+	0.77	0.62,0.95		0.83	0.63,1.09
D2	0.76	0.64,0.90		0.81	0.64,1.03
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy	0.53	0.46,0.61	<0.001	0.62	0.50,0.76	<0.001
Surgery year			<0.001			0.001
2006–2010	—	—		—	—
2011–2014	0.75	0.64,0.88		0.70	0.53,0.93
2015–2018	0.77	0.65,0.91		0.79	0.63,0.99
2019–2022	0.62	0.49,0.78		0.57	0.42,0.77
Regional cancer centre			0.023			0.466
1	—	—		—	—
2	1.35	1.11,1.64		1.16	0.90,1.50
3	1.19	0.96,1.48		1.13	0.86,1.48
4	1.33	1.08,1.65		1.03	0.76,1.39
5	1.20	0.94,1.53		1.27	0.93,1.73
6	1.38	1.11,1.72		0.97	0.72,1.31

Univariable

Multivariable*

HR†

95% c.i.†

HR†

95% c.i.†

Omental management

0.931

0.967

Omentectomy

—

Omental preservation

0.99

0.87,1.14

1.00

0.83,1.20

Age

1.03

1.02,1.04

<0.001

1.02

1.01,1.02

0.001

Sex

0.083

0.060

Male

—

Female

0.89

0.79,1.02

0.85

0.72,1.01

ASA score

<0.001

—

1.51

1.28,1.79

1.39

1.11,1.74

III or higher

2.22

1.85,2.67

1.97

1.52,2.54

Clinical T stage

<0.001

—

1.03

0.56,1.88

0.93

0.43,2.00

1.63

0.90,2.97

1.68

0.78,3.61

2.15

1.14,4.08

2.37

1.06,5.31

Clinical N stage

<0.001

—

1.29

1.09,1.51

1.12

0.91,1.37

1.63

1.26,2.10

1.89

1.40,2.56

2.60

1.65,4.11

2.67

1.55,4.60

Type of gastrectomy

0.056

0.002

Total

—

Distal

0.88

0.78,1.00

0.76

0.64,0.91

Surgical approach

<0.001

0.829

Minimally invasive

—

Open

1.53

1.24,1.88

1.07

0.82,1.39

Conversion from minimally invasive to open

1.74

1.11,2.73

1.13

0.71,1.81

Extent of lymphadenectomy

<0.001

0.149

Less than D1+

—

D1+

0.77

0.62,0.95

0.83

0.63,1.09

0.76

0.64,0.90

0.81

0.64,1.03

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy

0.53

0.46,0.61

<0.001

0.62

0.50,0.76

<0.001

Surgery year

<0.001

0.001

2006–2010

—

2011–2014

0.75

0.64,0.88

0.70

0.53,0.93

2015–2018

0.77

0.65,0.91

0.79

0.63,0.99

2019–2022

0.62

0.49,0.78

0.57

0.42,0.77

Regional cancer centre

0.023

0.466

—

1.35

1.11,1.64

1.16

0.90,1.50

1.19

0.96,1.48

1.13

0.86,1.48

1.33

1.08,1.65

1.03

0.76,1.39

1.20

0.94,1.53

1.27

0.93,1.73

1.38

1.11,1.72

0.97

0.72,1.31

	Univariable	Multivariable*
Omental management			0.931			0.967
Omentectomy	—	—		—	—
Omental preservation	0.99	0.87,1.14		1.00	0.83,1.20
Age	1.03	1.02,1.04	<0.001	1.02	1.01,1.02	0.001
Sex			0.083			0.060
Male	—	—		—	—
Female	0.89	0.79,1.02		0.85	0.72,1.01
ASA score			<0.001			<0.001
I	—	—		—	—
II	1.51	1.28,1.79		1.39	1.11,1.74
III or higher	2.22	1.85,2.67		1.97	1.52,2.54
Clinical T stage			<0.001			<0.001
T1	—	—		—	—
T2	1.03	0.56,1.88		0.93	0.43,2.00
T3	1.63	0.90,2.97		1.68	0.78,3.61
T4	2.15	1.14,4.08		2.37	1.06,5.31
Clinical N stage			<0.001			<0.001
N0	—	—		—	—
N1	1.29	1.09,1.51		1.12	0.91,1.37
N2	1.63	1.26,2.10		1.89	1.40,2.56
N3	2.60	1.65,4.11		2.67	1.55,4.60
Type of gastrectomy			0.056			0.002
Total	—	—		—	—
Distal	0.88	0.78,1.00		0.76	0.64,0.91
Surgical approach			<0.001			0.829
Minimally invasive	—	—		—	—
Open	1.53	1.24,1.88		1.07	0.82,1.39
Conversion from minimally invasive to open	1.74	1.11,2.73		1.13	0.71,1.81
Extent of lymphadenectomy			<0.001			0.149
Less than D1+	—	—		—	—
D1+	0.77	0.62,0.95		0.83	0.63,1.09
D2	0.76	0.64,0.90		0.81	0.64,1.03
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy	0.53	0.46,0.61	<0.001	0.62	0.50,0.76	<0.001
Surgery year			<0.001			0.001
2006–2010	—	—		—	—
2011–2014	0.75	0.64,0.88		0.70	0.53,0.93
2015–2018	0.77	0.65,0.91		0.79	0.63,0.99
2019–2022	0.62	0.49,0.78		0.57	0.42,0.77
Regional cancer centre			0.023			0.466
1	—	—		—	—
2	1.35	1.11,1.64		1.16	0.90,1.50
3	1.19	0.96,1.48		1.13	0.86,1.48
4	1.33	1.08,1.65		1.03	0.76,1.39
5	1.20	0.94,1.53		1.27	0.93,1.73
6	1.38	1.11,1.72		0.97	0.72,1.31

Table 2

Open in new tab

Overall survival estimated by Cox proportional hazards models

	Univariable			Multivariable*
	HR†	95% c.i.†	P	HR†	95% c.i.†	P
Omental management			0.931			0.967
Omentectomy	—	—		—	—
Omental preservation	0.99	0.87,1.14		1.00	0.83,1.20
Age	1.03	1.02,1.04	<0.001	1.02	1.01,1.02	0.001
Sex			0.083			0.060
Male	—	—		—	—
Female	0.89	0.79,1.02		0.85	0.72,1.01
ASA score			<0.001			<0.001
I	—	—		—	—
II	1.51	1.28,1.79		1.39	1.11,1.74
III or higher	2.22	1.85,2.67		1.97	1.52,2.54
Clinical T stage			<0.001			<0.001
T1	—	—		—	—
T2	1.03	0.56,1.88		0.93	0.43,2.00
T3	1.63	0.90,2.97		1.68	0.78,3.61
T4	2.15	1.14,4.08		2.37	1.06,5.31
Clinical N stage			<0.001			<0.001
N0	—	—		—	—
N1	1.29	1.09,1.51		1.12	0.91,1.37
N2	1.63	1.26,2.10		1.89	1.40,2.56
N3	2.60	1.65,4.11		2.67	1.55,4.60
Type of gastrectomy			0.056			0.002
Total	—	—		—	—
Distal	0.88	0.78,1.00		0.76	0.64,0.91
Surgical approach			<0.001			0.829
Minimally invasive	—	—		—	—
Open	1.53	1.24,1.88		1.07	0.82,1.39
Conversion from minimally invasive to open	1.74	1.11,2.73		1.13	0.71,1.81
Extent of lymphadenectomy			<0.001			0.149
Less than D1+	—	—		—	—
D1+	0.77	0.62,0.95		0.83	0.63,1.09
D2	0.76	0.64,0.90		0.81	0.64,1.03
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy	0.53	0.46,0.61	<0.001	0.62	0.50,0.76	<0.001
Surgery year			<0.001			0.001
2006–2010	—	—		—	—
2011–2014	0.75	0.64,0.88		0.70	0.53,0.93
2015–2018	0.77	0.65,0.91		0.79	0.63,0.99
2019–2022	0.62	0.49,0.78		0.57	0.42,0.77
Regional cancer centre			0.023			0.466
1	—	—		—	—
2	1.35	1.11,1.64		1.16	0.90,1.50
3	1.19	0.96,1.48		1.13	0.86,1.48
4	1.33	1.08,1.65		1.03	0.76,1.39
5	1.20	0.94,1.53		1.27	0.93,1.73
6	1.38	1.11,1.72		0.97	0.72,1.31

	Univariable			Multivariable*
	HR†	95% c.i.†	P	HR†	95% c.i.†	P
Omental management			0.931			0.967
Omentectomy	—	—		—	—
Omental preservation	0.99	0.87,1.14		1.00	0.83,1.20
Age	1.03	1.02,1.04	<0.001	1.02	1.01,1.02	0.001
Sex			0.083			0.060
Male	—	—		—	—
Female	0.89	0.79,1.02		0.85	0.72,1.01
ASA score			<0.001			<0.001
I	—	—		—	—
II	1.51	1.28,1.79		1.39	1.11,1.74
III or higher	2.22	1.85,2.67		1.97	1.52,2.54
Clinical T stage			<0.001			<0.001
T1	—	—		—	—
T2	1.03	0.56,1.88		0.93	0.43,2.00
T3	1.63	0.90,2.97		1.68	0.78,3.61
T4	2.15	1.14,4.08		2.37	1.06,5.31
Clinical N stage			<0.001			<0.001
N0	—	—		—	—
N1	1.29	1.09,1.51		1.12	0.91,1.37
N2	1.63	1.26,2.10		1.89	1.40,2.56
N3	2.60	1.65,4.11		2.67	1.55,4.60
Type of gastrectomy			0.056			0.002
Total	—	—		—	—
Distal	0.88	0.78,1.00		0.76	0.64,0.91
Surgical approach			<0.001			0.829
Minimally invasive	—	—		—	—
Open	1.53	1.24,1.88		1.07	0.82,1.39
Conversion from minimally invasive to open	1.74	1.11,2.73		1.13	0.71,1.81
Extent of lymphadenectomy			<0.001			0.149
Less than D1+	—	—		—	—
D1+	0.77	0.62,0.95		0.83	0.63,1.09
D2	0.76	0.64,0.90		0.81	0.64,1.03
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy	0.53	0.46,0.61	<0.001	0.62	0.50,0.76	<0.001
Surgery year			<0.001			0.001
2006–2010	—	—		—	—
2011–2014	0.75	0.64,0.88		0.70	0.53,0.93
2015–2018	0.77	0.65,0.91		0.79	0.63,0.99
2019–2022	0.62	0.49,0.78		0.57	0.42,0.77
Regional cancer centre			0.023			0.466
1	—	—		—	—
2	1.35	1.11,1.64		1.16	0.90,1.50
3	1.19	0.96,1.48		1.13	0.86,1.48
4	1.33	1.08,1.65		1.03	0.76,1.39
5	1.20	0.94,1.53		1.27	0.93,1.73
6	1.38	1.11,1.72		0.97	0.72,1.31

P values in bold are statistically significant. *Adjusted for age, sex, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, clinical T stage, clinical N stage, type of gastrectomy, surgical approach, extent of lymphadenectomy, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgery year and regional cancer centre. †HR, hazard ratio, c.i., confidence interval.

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