Table 4 Open in new tab Univariable and...

	Univariable	Multivariable*	Multivariable†
Male sex	1.23 (1.03, 1.47)	0.021	n.a.	0.351	n.a.	0.478
Age > 60 years	1.30 (1.14, 1.49)	< 0.001	n.a.	0.066	n.a.	0.068
ASA grade > II	1.27 (1.05, 1.53)	0.016	n.a.	0.247	n.a.	0.314
HBV-positive	1.30 (1.13, 1.49)	< 0.001	n.a.	0.256	n.a.	0.284
Cirrhosis	1.14 (0.99, 1.31)	0.068	1.33 (1.10, 1.61)	0.003	1.31 (1.08, 1.58)	0.005
Child–Pugh grade B	1.94 (1.57, 2.39)	< 0.001	1.87 (1.47, 2.37)	< 0.001	1.82 (1.43, 2.31)	< 0.001
Preoperative AFP level (ng/ml)†
≤ 100	1.00 (reference)				1.00 (reference)
100–1000	1.96 (1.68, 2.29)	< 0.001			1.68 (1.40, 2.02)	< 0.001
> 1000	1.74 (1.47, 2.05)	< 0.001			1.36 (1.11, 1.66)	0.003
Beyond Milan criteria†	1.97 (1.72, 2.25)	< 0.001			1.52 (1.28, 1.81)	< 0.001
Beyond AFP model*	2.02 (1.77, 2.32)	< 0.001	1.54 (1.30, 1.83)	< 0.001
Microvascular invasion	1.82 (1.59, 2.07)	< 0.001	1.43 (1.20, 1.70)	< 0.001	1.47 (1.24, 1.74)	< 0.001
Satellite nodules	1.95 (1.66, 2.28)	< 0.001	1.63 (1.34, 1.97)	< 0.001	1.51 (1.24, 1.83)	< 0.001
Incomplete tumour encapsulation	1.79 (1.56, 2.06)	< 0.001	1.36 (1.15, 1.61)	< 0.001	1.37 (1.16, 1.63)	< 0.001
Poor tumour differentiation	1.34 (1.17, 1.54)	< 0.001	n.a.	0.318	n.a.	0.137
Intraoperative blood loss > 600 ml	1.74 (1.44, 2.11)	< 0.001	n.a.	0.950	n.a.	0.759
Intraoperative blood transfusion	1.92 (1.63, 2.26)	< 0.001	1.54 (1.27, 1.86)	< 0.001	1.50 (1.24, 1.82)	1.499
Non-anatomical resection	1.01 (0.88, 1.15)	0.912
Major hepatectomy	1.53 (1.31, 1.79)	< 0.001	n.a.	0.747	n.a.	0.506
Narrow resection margin (< 1 cm)	1.76 (1.53, 2.01)	< 0.001	1.97 (1.68, 2.31)	< 0.001	1.86 (1.58, 2.19)	< 0.001

Univariable

Multivariable*

Multivariable†

Male sex

1.23 (1.03, 1.47)

0.021

n.a.

0.351

n.a.

0.478

Age > 60 years

1.30 (1.14, 1.49)

< 0.001

n.a.

0.066

n.a.

0.068

ASA grade > II

1.27 (1.05, 1.53)

0.016

n.a.

0.247

n.a.

0.314

HBV-positive

1.30 (1.13, 1.49)

< 0.001

n.a.

0.256

n.a.

0.284

Cirrhosis

1.14 (0.99, 1.31)

0.068

1.33 (1.10, 1.61)

0.003

1.31 (1.08, 1.58)

0.005

Child–Pugh grade B

1.94 (1.57, 2.39)

< 0.001

1.87 (1.47, 2.37)

< 0.001

1.82 (1.43, 2.31)

< 0.001

Preoperative AFP level (ng/ml)†

≤ 100

1.00 (reference)

100–1000

1.96 (1.68, 2.29)

< 0.001

1.68 (1.40, 2.02)

< 0.001

> 1000

1.74 (1.47, 2.05)

< 0.001

1.36 (1.11, 1.66)

0.003

Beyond Milan criteria†

1.97 (1.72, 2.25)

< 0.001

1.52 (1.28, 1.81)

< 0.001

Beyond AFP model*

2.02 (1.77, 2.32)

< 0.001

1.54 (1.30, 1.83)

< 0.001

Microvascular invasion

1.82 (1.59, 2.07)

< 0.001

1.43 (1.20, 1.70)

< 0.001

1.47 (1.24, 1.74)

< 0.001

Satellite nodules

1.95 (1.66, 2.28)

< 0.001

1.63 (1.34, 1.97)

< 0.001

1.51 (1.24, 1.83)

< 0.001

Incomplete tumour encapsulation

1.79 (1.56, 2.06)

< 0.001

1.36 (1.15, 1.61)

< 0.001

1.37 (1.16, 1.63)

< 0.001

Poor tumour differentiation

1.34 (1.17, 1.54)

< 0.001

n.a.

0.318

n.a.

0.137

Intraoperative blood loss > 600 ml

1.74 (1.44, 2.11)

< 0.001

n.a.

0.950

n.a.

0.759

Intraoperative blood transfusion

1.92 (1.63, 2.26)

< 0.001

1.54 (1.27, 1.86)

< 0.001

1.50 (1.24, 1.82)

1.499

Non-anatomical resection

1.01 (0.88, 1.15)

0.912

Major hepatectomy

1.53 (1.31, 1.79)

< 0.001

n.a.

0.747

n.a.

0.506

Narrow resection margin (< 1 cm)

1.76 (1.53, 2.01)

< 0.001

1.97 (1.68, 2.31)

< 0.001

1.86 (1.58, 2.19)

< 0.001

	Univariable	Multivariable*	Multivariable†
Male sex	1.23 (1.03, 1.47)	0.021	n.a.	0.351	n.a.	0.478
Age > 60 years	1.30 (1.14, 1.49)	< 0.001	n.a.	0.066	n.a.	0.068
ASA grade > II	1.27 (1.05, 1.53)	0.016	n.a.	0.247	n.a.	0.314
HBV-positive	1.30 (1.13, 1.49)	< 0.001	n.a.	0.256	n.a.	0.284
Cirrhosis	1.14 (0.99, 1.31)	0.068	1.33 (1.10, 1.61)	0.003	1.31 (1.08, 1.58)	0.005
Child–Pugh grade B	1.94 (1.57, 2.39)	< 0.001	1.87 (1.47, 2.37)	< 0.001	1.82 (1.43, 2.31)	< 0.001
Preoperative AFP level (ng/ml)†
≤ 100	1.00 (reference)				1.00 (reference)
100–1000	1.96 (1.68, 2.29)	< 0.001			1.68 (1.40, 2.02)	< 0.001
> 1000	1.74 (1.47, 2.05)	< 0.001			1.36 (1.11, 1.66)	0.003
Beyond Milan criteria†	1.97 (1.72, 2.25)	< 0.001			1.52 (1.28, 1.81)	< 0.001
Beyond AFP model*	2.02 (1.77, 2.32)	< 0.001	1.54 (1.30, 1.83)	< 0.001
Microvascular invasion	1.82 (1.59, 2.07)	< 0.001	1.43 (1.20, 1.70)	< 0.001	1.47 (1.24, 1.74)	< 0.001
Satellite nodules	1.95 (1.66, 2.28)	< 0.001	1.63 (1.34, 1.97)	< 0.001	1.51 (1.24, 1.83)	< 0.001
Incomplete tumour encapsulation	1.79 (1.56, 2.06)	< 0.001	1.36 (1.15, 1.61)	< 0.001	1.37 (1.16, 1.63)	< 0.001
Poor tumour differentiation	1.34 (1.17, 1.54)	< 0.001	n.a.	0.318	n.a.	0.137
Intraoperative blood loss > 600 ml	1.74 (1.44, 2.11)	< 0.001	n.a.	0.950	n.a.	0.759
Intraoperative blood transfusion	1.92 (1.63, 2.26)	< 0.001	1.54 (1.27, 1.86)	< 0.001	1.50 (1.24, 1.82)	1.499
Non-anatomical resection	1.01 (0.88, 1.15)	0.912
Major hepatectomy	1.53 (1.31, 1.79)	< 0.001	n.a.	0.747	n.a.	0.506
Narrow resection margin (< 1 cm)	1.76 (1.53, 2.01)	< 0.001	1.97 (1.68, 2.31)	< 0.001	1.86 (1.58, 2.19)	< 0.001

Table 4

Open in new tab

Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analysis of risk factors associated with overall survival

	Univariable		Multivariable*		Multivariable†
	HR	P	HR	P	HR	P
Male sex	1.23 (1.03, 1.47)	0.021	n.a.	0.351	n.a.	0.478
Age > 60 years	1.30 (1.14, 1.49)	< 0.001	n.a.	0.066	n.a.	0.068
ASA grade > II	1.27 (1.05, 1.53)	0.016	n.a.	0.247	n.a.	0.314
HBV-positive	1.30 (1.13, 1.49)	< 0.001	n.a.	0.256	n.a.	0.284
Cirrhosis	1.14 (0.99, 1.31)	0.068	1.33 (1.10, 1.61)	0.003	1.31 (1.08, 1.58)	0.005
Child–Pugh grade B	1.94 (1.57, 2.39)	< 0.001	1.87 (1.47, 2.37)	< 0.001	1.82 (1.43, 2.31)	< 0.001
Preoperative AFP level (ng/ml)†
≤ 100	1.00 (reference)				1.00 (reference)
100–1000	1.96 (1.68, 2.29)	< 0.001			1.68 (1.40, 2.02)	< 0.001
> 1000	1.74 (1.47, 2.05)	< 0.001			1.36 (1.11, 1.66)	0.003
Beyond Milan criteria†	1.97 (1.72, 2.25)	< 0.001			1.52 (1.28, 1.81)	< 0.001
Beyond AFP model*	2.02 (1.77, 2.32)	< 0.001	1.54 (1.30, 1.83)	< 0.001
Microvascular invasion	1.82 (1.59, 2.07)	< 0.001	1.43 (1.20, 1.70)	< 0.001	1.47 (1.24, 1.74)	< 0.001
Satellite nodules	1.95 (1.66, 2.28)	< 0.001	1.63 (1.34, 1.97)	< 0.001	1.51 (1.24, 1.83)	< 0.001
Incomplete tumour encapsulation	1.79 (1.56, 2.06)	< 0.001	1.36 (1.15, 1.61)	< 0.001	1.37 (1.16, 1.63)	< 0.001
Poor tumour differentiation	1.34 (1.17, 1.54)	< 0.001	n.a.	0.318	n.a.	0.137
Intraoperative blood loss > 600 ml	1.74 (1.44, 2.11)	< 0.001	n.a.	0.950	n.a.	0.759
Intraoperative blood transfusion	1.92 (1.63, 2.26)	< 0.001	1.54 (1.27, 1.86)	< 0.001	1.50 (1.24, 1.82)	1.499
Non-anatomical resection	1.01 (0.88, 1.15)	0.912
Major hepatectomy	1.53 (1.31, 1.79)	< 0.001	n.a.	0.747	n.a.	0.506
Narrow resection margin (< 1 cm)	1.76 (1.53, 2.01)	< 0.001	1.97 (1.68, 2.31)	< 0.001	1.86 (1.58, 2.19)	< 0.001

	Univariable		Multivariable*		Multivariable†
	HR	P	HR	P	HR	P
Male sex	1.23 (1.03, 1.47)	0.021	n.a.	0.351	n.a.	0.478
Age > 60 years	1.30 (1.14, 1.49)	< 0.001	n.a.	0.066	n.a.	0.068
ASA grade > II	1.27 (1.05, 1.53)	0.016	n.a.	0.247	n.a.	0.314
HBV-positive	1.30 (1.13, 1.49)	< 0.001	n.a.	0.256	n.a.	0.284
Cirrhosis	1.14 (0.99, 1.31)	0.068	1.33 (1.10, 1.61)	0.003	1.31 (1.08, 1.58)	0.005
Child–Pugh grade B	1.94 (1.57, 2.39)	< 0.001	1.87 (1.47, 2.37)	< 0.001	1.82 (1.43, 2.31)	< 0.001
Preoperative AFP level (ng/ml)†
≤ 100	1.00 (reference)				1.00 (reference)
100–1000	1.96 (1.68, 2.29)	< 0.001			1.68 (1.40, 2.02)	< 0.001
> 1000	1.74 (1.47, 2.05)	< 0.001			1.36 (1.11, 1.66)	0.003
Beyond Milan criteria†	1.97 (1.72, 2.25)	< 0.001			1.52 (1.28, 1.81)	< 0.001
Beyond AFP model*	2.02 (1.77, 2.32)	< 0.001	1.54 (1.30, 1.83)	< 0.001
Microvascular invasion	1.82 (1.59, 2.07)	< 0.001	1.43 (1.20, 1.70)	< 0.001	1.47 (1.24, 1.74)	< 0.001
Satellite nodules	1.95 (1.66, 2.28)	< 0.001	1.63 (1.34, 1.97)	< 0.001	1.51 (1.24, 1.83)	< 0.001
Incomplete tumour encapsulation	1.79 (1.56, 2.06)	< 0.001	1.36 (1.15, 1.61)	< 0.001	1.37 (1.16, 1.63)	< 0.001
Poor tumour differentiation	1.34 (1.17, 1.54)	< 0.001	n.a.	0.318	n.a.	0.137
Intraoperative blood loss > 600 ml	1.74 (1.44, 2.11)	< 0.001	n.a.	0.950	n.a.	0.759
Intraoperative blood transfusion	1.92 (1.63, 2.26)	< 0.001	1.54 (1.27, 1.86)	< 0.001	1.50 (1.24, 1.82)	1.499
Non-anatomical resection	1.01 (0.88, 1.15)	0.912
Major hepatectomy	1.53 (1.31, 1.79)	< 0.001	n.a.	0.747	n.a.	0.506
Narrow resection margin (< 1 cm)	1.76 (1.53, 2.01)	< 0.001	1.97 (1.68, 2.31)	< 0.001	1.86 (1.58, 2.19)	< 0.001

Values in parentheses are 95% confidence intervals. *‘Beyond α-fetoprotein (AFP) model’ variable was entered into the multivariable analysis. †‘Preoperative AFP level’ and ‘Beyond Milan criteria’ variables were entered into the multivariable analysis. HR, hazard ratio; n.a., not available; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; HBV, hepatitis B virus.

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