Table 6: Open in new tab ASA24 dietary...

	Total (n = 23)	TRE (n = 10)	HE (n = 13)
Total energy (kcal)	1936 ± 615	1945 ± 693	1794 ± 536	1667 ± 612	1985 ± 696	1772 ± 711	2102 ± 578	1923 ± 723	1800 ± 547	.45
Carbohydrate intake (g)	218 ± 83	213 ± 85	183 ± 59	162 ± 68	219 ± 95	193 ± 98	253 ± 73	209 ± 84	180 ± 54	.19
Carbohydrate intake (%)	45 ± 10	44 ± 10	41 ± 7	39 ± 8	44 ± 9	43 ± 5	49 ± 9*	45 ± 10	41 ± 8	.19
Protein intake (g)	82 ± 32	77 ± 38	73 ± 24	82 ± 38	76 ± 46	80 ± 5	81 ± 27	78 ± 34	71 ± 28	.35
Protein intake (%)	17 ± 5	16 ± 4	17 ± 5	20 ± 4	15 ± 6	19 ± 7	16 ± 5	16 ± 3	16 ± 5	.35
Fat intake (g)	80 ± 33	92 ± 35	87 ± 31	71 ± 24	94 ± 29	77 ± 35	85 ± 38	90 ± 40	90 ± 32	.32
Fat intake (%)	37 ± 9	42 ± 7	43 ± 7	39 ± 9	43 ± 4	39 ± 2	35 ± 8	41 ± 9	45 ± 8	.32
Cholesterol (mg)	293 ± 282	262 ± 207	333 ± 248	360 ± 250	246 ± 231	495 ± 176	252 ± 302	271 ± 204	286 ± 256	.21
Sodium (mg)	3282 ± 1099	3211 ± 1731	2942 ± 560	2952 ± 1394	3252 ± 1699	2766 ± 120	3491 ± 869	3189 ± 1831	2992 ± 635	.36
Phosphorus (mg)	1327 ± 408	1368 ± 532	1327 ± 288	1279 ± 457	1382 ± 643	1110 ± 174	1357 ± 391	1368 ± 532	1390 ± 291	.23
Calcium (mg)	885 ± 449	941 ± 303	1159 ± 315	859 ± 319	956 ± 317	1120 ± 419	901 ± 526	934 ± 311	1170 ± 320	.18
Total fiber (g)	20 ± 10	26 ± 19	19 ± 10	12 ± 7	26 ± 14	13 ± 5	24 ± 10*	26 ± 22	21 ± 11	.43
Water (ounces)	117 ± 52	129 ± 55	130 ± 44	103 ± 39	139 ± 43	146 ± 46	125 ± 58	123 ± 61	126 ± 46	.37
Healthy Eating Index	56 ± 12	56 ± 13	59 ± 14	56 ± 13	54 ± 13	56 ± 3	55 ± 12	57 ± 13	60 ± 16	.38

Total (n = 23)

TRE (n = 10)

HE (n = 13)

Baseline^a

Month 3^b

Month 12^c

Baseline^d

Month 3^e

Month 12^f

Baseline

Month 3^g

Month 12^h

P-value comparison of change between groups

Total energy (kcal)

1936 ± 615

1945 ± 693

1794 ± 536

1667 ± 612

1985 ± 696

1772 ± 711

2102 ± 578

1923 ± 723

1800 ± 547

.45

Carbohydrate intake (g)

218 ± 83

213 ± 85

183 ± 59

162 ± 68

219 ± 95

193 ± 98

253 ± 73

209 ± 84

180 ± 54

.19

Carbohydrate intake (%)

45 ± 10

44 ± 10

41 ± 7

39 ± 8

44 ± 9

43 ± 5

49 ± 9*

45 ± 10

41 ± 8

.19

Protein intake (g)

82 ± 32

77 ± 38

73 ± 24

82 ± 38

76 ± 46

80 ± 5

81 ± 27

78 ± 34

71 ± 28

.35

Protein intake (%)

17 ± 5

16 ± 4

17 ± 5

20 ± 4

15 ± 6

19 ± 7

16 ± 5

16 ± 3

16 ± 5

.35

Fat intake (g)

80 ± 33

92 ± 35

87 ± 31

71 ± 24

94 ± 29

77 ± 35

85 ± 38

90 ± 40

90 ± 32

.32

Fat intake (%)

37 ± 9

42 ± 7

43 ± 7

39 ± 9

43 ± 4

39 ± 2

35 ± 8

41 ± 9

45 ± 8

.32

Cholesterol (mg)

293 ± 282

262 ± 207

333 ± 248

360 ± 250

246 ± 231

495 ± 176

252 ± 302

271 ± 204

286 ± 256

.21

Sodium (mg)

3282 ± 1099

3211 ± 1731

2942 ± 560

2952 ± 1394

3252 ± 1699

2766 ± 120

3491 ± 869

3189 ± 1831

2992 ± 635

.36

Phosphorus (mg)

1327 ± 408

1368 ± 532

1327 ± 288

1279 ± 457

1382 ± 643

1110 ± 174

1357 ± 391

1368 ± 532

1390 ± 291

.23

Calcium (mg)

885 ± 449

941 ± 303

1159 ± 315

859 ± 319

956 ± 317

1120 ± 419

901 ± 526

934 ± 311

1170 ± 320

.18

Total fiber (g)

20 ± 10

26 ± 19

19 ± 10

12 ± 7

26 ± 14

13 ± 5

24 ± 10*

26 ± 22

21 ± 11

.43

Water (ounces)

117 ± 52

129 ± 55

130 ± 44

103 ± 39

139 ± 43

146 ± 46

125 ± 58

123 ± 61

126 ± 46

.37

Healthy Eating Index

56 ± 12

56 ± 13

59 ± 14

56 ± 13

54 ± 13

56 ± 3

55 ± 12

57 ± 13

60 ± 16

.38

	Total (n = 23)	TRE (n = 10)	HE (n = 13)
Total energy (kcal)	1936 ± 615	1945 ± 693	1794 ± 536	1667 ± 612	1985 ± 696	1772 ± 711	2102 ± 578	1923 ± 723	1800 ± 547	.45
Carbohydrate intake (g)	218 ± 83	213 ± 85	183 ± 59	162 ± 68	219 ± 95	193 ± 98	253 ± 73	209 ± 84	180 ± 54	.19
Carbohydrate intake (%)	45 ± 10	44 ± 10	41 ± 7	39 ± 8	44 ± 9	43 ± 5	49 ± 9*	45 ± 10	41 ± 8	.19
Protein intake (g)	82 ± 32	77 ± 38	73 ± 24	82 ± 38	76 ± 46	80 ± 5	81 ± 27	78 ± 34	71 ± 28	.35
Protein intake (%)	17 ± 5	16 ± 4	17 ± 5	20 ± 4	15 ± 6	19 ± 7	16 ± 5	16 ± 3	16 ± 5	.35
Fat intake (g)	80 ± 33	92 ± 35	87 ± 31	71 ± 24	94 ± 29	77 ± 35	85 ± 38	90 ± 40	90 ± 32	.32
Fat intake (%)	37 ± 9	42 ± 7	43 ± 7	39 ± 9	43 ± 4	39 ± 2	35 ± 8	41 ± 9	45 ± 8	.32
Cholesterol (mg)	293 ± 282	262 ± 207	333 ± 248	360 ± 250	246 ± 231	495 ± 176	252 ± 302	271 ± 204	286 ± 256	.21
Sodium (mg)	3282 ± 1099	3211 ± 1731	2942 ± 560	2952 ± 1394	3252 ± 1699	2766 ± 120	3491 ± 869	3189 ± 1831	2992 ± 635	.36
Phosphorus (mg)	1327 ± 408	1368 ± 532	1327 ± 288	1279 ± 457	1382 ± 643	1110 ± 174	1357 ± 391	1368 ± 532	1390 ± 291	.23
Calcium (mg)	885 ± 449	941 ± 303	1159 ± 315	859 ± 319	956 ± 317	1120 ± 419	901 ± 526	934 ± 311	1170 ± 320	.18
Total fiber (g)	20 ± 10	26 ± 19	19 ± 10	12 ± 7	26 ± 14	13 ± 5	24 ± 10*	26 ± 22	21 ± 11	.43
Water (ounces)	117 ± 52	129 ± 55	130 ± 44	103 ± 39	139 ± 43	146 ± 46	125 ± 58	123 ± 61	126 ± 46	.37
Healthy Eating Index	56 ± 12	56 ± 13	59 ± 14	56 ± 13	54 ± 13	56 ± 3	55 ± 12	57 ± 13	60 ± 16	.38

Table 6:

Open in new tab

ASA24 dietary data.

	Total (n = 23)			TRE (n = 10)			HE (n = 13)
	Baseline^a	Month 3^b	Month 12^c	Baseline^d	Month 3^e	Month 12^f	Baseline	Month 3^g	Month 12^h	P-value comparison of change between groups
Total energy (kcal)	1936 ± 615	1945 ± 693	1794 ± 536	1667 ± 612	1985 ± 696	1772 ± 711	2102 ± 578	1923 ± 723	1800 ± 547	.45
Carbohydrate intake (g)	218 ± 83	213 ± 85	183 ± 59	162 ± 68	219 ± 95	193 ± 98	253 ± 73	209 ± 84	180 ± 54	.19
Carbohydrate intake (%)	45 ± 10	44 ± 10	41 ± 7	39 ± 8	44 ± 9	43 ± 5	49 ± 9*	45 ± 10	41 ± 8	.19
Protein intake (g)	82 ± 32	77 ± 38	73 ± 24	82 ± 38	76 ± 46	80 ± 5	81 ± 27	78 ± 34	71 ± 28	.35
Protein intake (%)	17 ± 5	16 ± 4	17 ± 5	20 ± 4	15 ± 6	19 ± 7	16 ± 5	16 ± 3	16 ± 5	.35
Fat intake (g)	80 ± 33	92 ± 35	87 ± 31	71 ± 24	94 ± 29	77 ± 35	85 ± 38	90 ± 40	90 ± 32	.32
Fat intake (%)	37 ± 9	42 ± 7	43 ± 7	39 ± 9	43 ± 4	39 ± 2	35 ± 8	41 ± 9	45 ± 8	.32
Cholesterol (mg)	293 ± 282	262 ± 207	333 ± 248	360 ± 250	246 ± 231	495 ± 176	252 ± 302	271 ± 204	286 ± 256	.21
Sodium (mg)	3282 ± 1099	3211 ± 1731	2942 ± 560	2952 ± 1394	3252 ± 1699	2766 ± 120	3491 ± 869	3189 ± 1831	2992 ± 635	.36
Phosphorus (mg)	1327 ± 408	1368 ± 532	1327 ± 288	1279 ± 457	1382 ± 643	1110 ± 174	1357 ± 391	1368 ± 532	1390 ± 291	.23
Calcium (mg)	885 ± 449	941 ± 303	1159 ± 315	859 ± 319	956 ± 317	1120 ± 419	901 ± 526	934 ± 311	1170 ± 320	.18
Total fiber (g)	20 ± 10	26 ± 19	19 ± 10	12 ± 7	26 ± 14	13 ± 5	24 ± 10*	26 ± 22	21 ± 11	.43
Water (ounces)	117 ± 52	129 ± 55	130 ± 44	103 ± 39	139 ± 43	146 ± 46	125 ± 58	123 ± 61	126 ± 46	.37
Healthy Eating Index	56 ± 12	56 ± 13	59 ± 14	56 ± 13	54 ± 13	56 ± 3	55 ± 12	57 ± 13	60 ± 16	.38

	Total (n = 23)			TRE (n = 10)			HE (n = 13)
	Baseline^a	Month 3^b	Month 12^c	Baseline^d	Month 3^e	Month 12^f	Baseline	Month 3^g	Month 12^h	P-value comparison of change between groups
Total energy (kcal)	1936 ± 615	1945 ± 693	1794 ± 536	1667 ± 612	1985 ± 696	1772 ± 711	2102 ± 578	1923 ± 723	1800 ± 547	.45
Carbohydrate intake (g)	218 ± 83	213 ± 85	183 ± 59	162 ± 68	219 ± 95	193 ± 98	253 ± 73	209 ± 84	180 ± 54	.19
Carbohydrate intake (%)	45 ± 10	44 ± 10	41 ± 7	39 ± 8	44 ± 9	43 ± 5	49 ± 9*	45 ± 10	41 ± 8	.19
Protein intake (g)	82 ± 32	77 ± 38	73 ± 24	82 ± 38	76 ± 46	80 ± 5	81 ± 27	78 ± 34	71 ± 28	.35
Protein intake (%)	17 ± 5	16 ± 4	17 ± 5	20 ± 4	15 ± 6	19 ± 7	16 ± 5	16 ± 3	16 ± 5	.35
Fat intake (g)	80 ± 33	92 ± 35	87 ± 31	71 ± 24	94 ± 29	77 ± 35	85 ± 38	90 ± 40	90 ± 32	.32
Fat intake (%)	37 ± 9	42 ± 7	43 ± 7	39 ± 9	43 ± 4	39 ± 2	35 ± 8	41 ± 9	45 ± 8	.32
Cholesterol (mg)	293 ± 282	262 ± 207	333 ± 248	360 ± 250	246 ± 231	495 ± 176	252 ± 302	271 ± 204	286 ± 256	.21
Sodium (mg)	3282 ± 1099	3211 ± 1731	2942 ± 560	2952 ± 1394	3252 ± 1699	2766 ± 120	3491 ± 869	3189 ± 1831	2992 ± 635	.36
Phosphorus (mg)	1327 ± 408	1368 ± 532	1327 ± 288	1279 ± 457	1382 ± 643	1110 ± 174	1357 ± 391	1368 ± 532	1390 ± 291	.23
Calcium (mg)	885 ± 449	941 ± 303	1159 ± 315	859 ± 319	956 ± 317	1120 ± 419	901 ± 526	934 ± 311	1170 ± 320	.18
Total fiber (g)	20 ± 10	26 ± 19	19 ± 10	12 ± 7	26 ± 14	13 ± 5	24 ± 10*	26 ± 22	21 ± 11	.43
Water (ounces)	117 ± 52	129 ± 55	130 ± 44	103 ± 39	139 ± 43	146 ± 46	125 ± 58	123 ± 61	126 ± 46	.37
Healthy Eating Index	56 ± 12	56 ± 13	59 ± 14	56 ± 13	54 ± 13	56 ± 3	55 ± 12	57 ± 13	60 ± 16	.38

Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation, *P < .05.

Independent t-tests were used to calculate P-values to determine differences between groups at all time points.

Welch two-sample t-tests were used to calculate P-values to compare the change at 12 months between groups (presented in the last column of the table).

n = 21^a, n = 17^b, n = 9^c, n = 10^d, n = 6^e, n = 2^f, n = 11^g, n = 7^h participants that completed the 24-hour recall.

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