| . | Control group (n = 73) . | In-person education (n = 63) . | Telephone (n = 64) . | In-person education and telephone (n = 62) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Mean (SD) . | Mean (SD) . | Mean (SD) . | Mean (SD) . |
| GR-MLHFQ (QoL) | ||||
| Overall | ||||
| Before | 46.9 ± 26.2 | 48.7 ± 24 | 50.5 ± 20.8 | 50 ± 24.4 |
| After 3 months | 41.3 ± 23.1 | 35.8 ± 22.4 | 38.7 ± 22.8 | 38.4 ± 24.9 |
| Difference | 5.6 ± 18.4 | 12.9 ± 18.9 | 11.8 ± 20.3 | 11.6 ± 18.8 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.31 | 0.68 | 0.58 | 0.62 |
| Physical subscale | ||||
| Before | 27.6 ± 15.6 | 29.1 ± 13.8 | 29.4 ± 12.6 | 29 ± 14.1 |
| After 3 months | 23.8 ± 13.3 | 20.6 ± 12.5 | 22.1 ± 13.5 | 21.8 ± 14 |
| Difference | 3.8 ± 11.4 | 8.5 ± 11.5 | 7.3 ± 11.7 | 7.2 ± 10.5 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.33 | 0.74 | 0.63 | 0.69 |
| Emotional subscale | ||||
| Before | 9.6± 7.4 | 9.2 ± 7.2 | 10 ± 6 | 9.8 ± 7.1 |
| After 3 months | 8.3 ± 6.9 | 7 ± 6.6 | 7.3 ± 6.1 | 7.2 ± 6.6 |
| Difference | 1.3 ± 5.3 | 2.2 ± 7 | 2.7 ± 5.5 | 2.5 ± 6 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.25 | 0.32 | 0.48 | 0.43 |
| Social subscale | ||||
| Before | 7.7 ± 5.7 | 8.3 ± 5.7 | 8.8 ± 5.5 | 9 ± 5.6 |
| After 3 months | 7.5 ± 5.3 | 6.6 ± 5.1 | 7.2 ± 5.7 | 7.6 ± 5.5 |
| Difference | 0.2 ± 4.4 | 1.7 ± 4.7 | 1.5 ± 5.1 | 1.5 ± 5 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.05 | 0.36 | 0.30 | 0.29 |
| Gr9-EHFScBS (HF self-care) | ||||
| Overall | ||||
| Before | 32.0 ± 7.3 | 28.4 ± 7.8 | 30.3 ± 8.7 | 27.2 ± 8.4 |
| After 3 months | 28.1 ± 7.1 | 24.4 ± 5.8 | 24.9 ± 7.0 | 22.6 ± 6.1 |
| Difference | 3.9 ± 5.8 | 4.0 ± 8.2 | 5.4 ± 8.6 | 4.6 ± 7.6 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.54 | 0.57 | 0.67 | 0.62 |
| Adherence | ||||
| Before | 6.1 ± 2.6 | 5.2 ± 2.5 | 6.2 ± 2.6 | 5 ± 2.4 |
| After 3 months | 5.4 ± 2.3 | 4.9 ± 2.1 | 5.1 ± 2.1 | 4.6 ± 1.9 |
| Difference | 0.7 ± 2 | 0.3 ± 2.6 | 1.1 ± 2.6 | 0.4 ± 2.6 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.37 | 0.10 | 0.41 | 0.15 |
| Sodium and fluid | ||||
| Before | 10.3 ± 2.8 | 8.9 ± 3.3 | 9 ± 3.2 | 8 ± 3 |
| After 3 months | 8.7 ± 2.6 | 7.3 ± 2.3 | 6.9 ± 2.5 | 6 ± 2.1 |
| Difference | 1.6 ± 3 | 1.7 ± 3.3 | 2.1 ± 3.3 | 2 ± 3.1 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.54 | 0.51 | 0.65 | 0.63 |
| Physical activity/symptoms | ||||
| Before | 9 ± 2.7 | 8.7 ± 2.9 | 8.8 ± 3.1 | 8.1 ± 3.1 |
| After 3 months | 8.4 ± 3 | 7.2 ± 2.9 | 7.6 ± 3 | 6.8 ± 2.6 |
| Difference | 0.6 ± 2.5 | 1.5 ± 3.3 | 1.2 ± 2.9 | 1.2 ± 2.8 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.25 | 0.45 | 0.42 | 0.44 |
| DHFKS (HF knowledge) | ||||
| Overall | ||||
| Before | 7.4 ± 2.8 | 8.6 ± 2.5 | 8.1 ± 2.7 | 9.3 ± 2.2 |
| After 3 months | 8.4 ± 2.3 | 9.7 ± 2.7 | 9.6 ± 2.5 | 10.4 ± 2.5 |
| Difference | 1.0 ± 3.0 | 1.1 ± 2.6 | 1.5 ± 2.6 | 1.1 ± 2.5 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.38 | 0.42 | 0.57 | 0.44 |
| . | Control group (n = 73) . | In-person education (n = 63) . | Telephone (n = 64) . | In-person education and telephone (n = 62) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Mean (SD) . | Mean (SD) . | Mean (SD) . | Mean (SD) . |
| GR-MLHFQ (QoL) | ||||
| Overall | ||||
| Before | 46.9 ± 26.2 | 48.7 ± 24 | 50.5 ± 20.8 | 50 ± 24.4 |
| After 3 months | 41.3 ± 23.1 | 35.8 ± 22.4 | 38.7 ± 22.8 | 38.4 ± 24.9 |
| Difference | 5.6 ± 18.4 | 12.9 ± 18.9 | 11.8 ± 20.3 | 11.6 ± 18.8 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.31 | 0.68 | 0.58 | 0.62 |
| Physical subscale | ||||
| Before | 27.6 ± 15.6 | 29.1 ± 13.8 | 29.4 ± 12.6 | 29 ± 14.1 |
| After 3 months | 23.8 ± 13.3 | 20.6 ± 12.5 | 22.1 ± 13.5 | 21.8 ± 14 |
| Difference | 3.8 ± 11.4 | 8.5 ± 11.5 | 7.3 ± 11.7 | 7.2 ± 10.5 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.33 | 0.74 | 0.63 | 0.69 |
| Emotional subscale | ||||
| Before | 9.6± 7.4 | 9.2 ± 7.2 | 10 ± 6 | 9.8 ± 7.1 |
| After 3 months | 8.3 ± 6.9 | 7 ± 6.6 | 7.3 ± 6.1 | 7.2 ± 6.6 |
| Difference | 1.3 ± 5.3 | 2.2 ± 7 | 2.7 ± 5.5 | 2.5 ± 6 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.25 | 0.32 | 0.48 | 0.43 |
| Social subscale | ||||
| Before | 7.7 ± 5.7 | 8.3 ± 5.7 | 8.8 ± 5.5 | 9 ± 5.6 |
| After 3 months | 7.5 ± 5.3 | 6.6 ± 5.1 | 7.2 ± 5.7 | 7.6 ± 5.5 |
| Difference | 0.2 ± 4.4 | 1.7 ± 4.7 | 1.5 ± 5.1 | 1.5 ± 5 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.05 | 0.36 | 0.30 | 0.29 |
| Gr9-EHFScBS (HF self-care) | ||||
| Overall | ||||
| Before | 32.0 ± 7.3 | 28.4 ± 7.8 | 30.3 ± 8.7 | 27.2 ± 8.4 |
| After 3 months | 28.1 ± 7.1 | 24.4 ± 5.8 | 24.9 ± 7.0 | 22.6 ± 6.1 |
| Difference | 3.9 ± 5.8 | 4.0 ± 8.2 | 5.4 ± 8.6 | 4.6 ± 7.6 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.54 | 0.57 | 0.67 | 0.62 |
| Adherence | ||||
| Before | 6.1 ± 2.6 | 5.2 ± 2.5 | 6.2 ± 2.6 | 5 ± 2.4 |
| After 3 months | 5.4 ± 2.3 | 4.9 ± 2.1 | 5.1 ± 2.1 | 4.6 ± 1.9 |
| Difference | 0.7 ± 2 | 0.3 ± 2.6 | 1.1 ± 2.6 | 0.4 ± 2.6 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.37 | 0.10 | 0.41 | 0.15 |
| Sodium and fluid | ||||
| Before | 10.3 ± 2.8 | 8.9 ± 3.3 | 9 ± 3.2 | 8 ± 3 |
| After 3 months | 8.7 ± 2.6 | 7.3 ± 2.3 | 6.9 ± 2.5 | 6 ± 2.1 |
| Difference | 1.6 ± 3 | 1.7 ± 3.3 | 2.1 ± 3.3 | 2 ± 3.1 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.54 | 0.51 | 0.65 | 0.63 |
| Physical activity/symptoms | ||||
| Before | 9 ± 2.7 | 8.7 ± 2.9 | 8.8 ± 3.1 | 8.1 ± 3.1 |
| After 3 months | 8.4 ± 3 | 7.2 ± 2.9 | 7.6 ± 3 | 6.8 ± 2.6 |
| Difference | 0.6 ± 2.5 | 1.5 ± 3.3 | 1.2 ± 2.9 | 1.2 ± 2.8 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.25 | 0.45 | 0.42 | 0.44 |
| DHFKS (HF knowledge) | ||||
| Overall | ||||
| Before | 7.4 ± 2.8 | 8.6 ± 2.5 | 8.1 ± 2.7 | 9.3 ± 2.2 |
| After 3 months | 8.4 ± 2.3 | 9.7 ± 2.7 | 9.6 ± 2.5 | 10.4 ± 2.5 |
| Difference | 1.0 ± 3.0 | 1.1 ± 2.6 | 1.5 ± 2.6 | 1.1 ± 2.5 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.38 | 0.42 | 0.57 | 0.44 |
| . | Control group (n = 73) . | In-person education (n = 63) . | Telephone (n = 64) . | In-person education and telephone (n = 62) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Mean (SD) . | Mean (SD) . | Mean (SD) . | Mean (SD) . |
| GR-MLHFQ (QoL) | ||||
| Overall | ||||
| Before | 46.9 ± 26.2 | 48.7 ± 24 | 50.5 ± 20.8 | 50 ± 24.4 |
| After 3 months | 41.3 ± 23.1 | 35.8 ± 22.4 | 38.7 ± 22.8 | 38.4 ± 24.9 |
| Difference | 5.6 ± 18.4 | 12.9 ± 18.9 | 11.8 ± 20.3 | 11.6 ± 18.8 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.31 | 0.68 | 0.58 | 0.62 |
| Physical subscale | ||||
| Before | 27.6 ± 15.6 | 29.1 ± 13.8 | 29.4 ± 12.6 | 29 ± 14.1 |
| After 3 months | 23.8 ± 13.3 | 20.6 ± 12.5 | 22.1 ± 13.5 | 21.8 ± 14 |
| Difference | 3.8 ± 11.4 | 8.5 ± 11.5 | 7.3 ± 11.7 | 7.2 ± 10.5 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.33 | 0.74 | 0.63 | 0.69 |
| Emotional subscale | ||||
| Before | 9.6± 7.4 | 9.2 ± 7.2 | 10 ± 6 | 9.8 ± 7.1 |
| After 3 months | 8.3 ± 6.9 | 7 ± 6.6 | 7.3 ± 6.1 | 7.2 ± 6.6 |
| Difference | 1.3 ± 5.3 | 2.2 ± 7 | 2.7 ± 5.5 | 2.5 ± 6 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.25 | 0.32 | 0.48 | 0.43 |
| Social subscale | ||||
| Before | 7.7 ± 5.7 | 8.3 ± 5.7 | 8.8 ± 5.5 | 9 ± 5.6 |
| After 3 months | 7.5 ± 5.3 | 6.6 ± 5.1 | 7.2 ± 5.7 | 7.6 ± 5.5 |
| Difference | 0.2 ± 4.4 | 1.7 ± 4.7 | 1.5 ± 5.1 | 1.5 ± 5 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.05 | 0.36 | 0.30 | 0.29 |
| Gr9-EHFScBS (HF self-care) | ||||
| Overall | ||||
| Before | 32.0 ± 7.3 | 28.4 ± 7.8 | 30.3 ± 8.7 | 27.2 ± 8.4 |
| After 3 months | 28.1 ± 7.1 | 24.4 ± 5.8 | 24.9 ± 7.0 | 22.6 ± 6.1 |
| Difference | 3.9 ± 5.8 | 4.0 ± 8.2 | 5.4 ± 8.6 | 4.6 ± 7.6 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.54 | 0.57 | 0.67 | 0.62 |
| Adherence | ||||
| Before | 6.1 ± 2.6 | 5.2 ± 2.5 | 6.2 ± 2.6 | 5 ± 2.4 |
| After 3 months | 5.4 ± 2.3 | 4.9 ± 2.1 | 5.1 ± 2.1 | 4.6 ± 1.9 |
| Difference | 0.7 ± 2 | 0.3 ± 2.6 | 1.1 ± 2.6 | 0.4 ± 2.6 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.37 | 0.10 | 0.41 | 0.15 |
| Sodium and fluid | ||||
| Before | 10.3 ± 2.8 | 8.9 ± 3.3 | 9 ± 3.2 | 8 ± 3 |
| After 3 months | 8.7 ± 2.6 | 7.3 ± 2.3 | 6.9 ± 2.5 | 6 ± 2.1 |
| Difference | 1.6 ± 3 | 1.7 ± 3.3 | 2.1 ± 3.3 | 2 ± 3.1 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.54 | 0.51 | 0.65 | 0.63 |
| Physical activity/symptoms | ||||
| Before | 9 ± 2.7 | 8.7 ± 2.9 | 8.8 ± 3.1 | 8.1 ± 3.1 |
| After 3 months | 8.4 ± 3 | 7.2 ± 2.9 | 7.6 ± 3 | 6.8 ± 2.6 |
| Difference | 0.6 ± 2.5 | 1.5 ± 3.3 | 1.2 ± 2.9 | 1.2 ± 2.8 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.25 | 0.45 | 0.42 | 0.44 |
| DHFKS (HF knowledge) | ||||
| Overall | ||||
| Before | 7.4 ± 2.8 | 8.6 ± 2.5 | 8.1 ± 2.7 | 9.3 ± 2.2 |
| After 3 months | 8.4 ± 2.3 | 9.7 ± 2.7 | 9.6 ± 2.5 | 10.4 ± 2.5 |
| Difference | 1.0 ± 3.0 | 1.1 ± 2.6 | 1.5 ± 2.6 | 1.1 ± 2.5 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.38 | 0.42 | 0.57 | 0.44 |
| . | Control group (n = 73) . | In-person education (n = 63) . | Telephone (n = 64) . | In-person education and telephone (n = 62) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Mean (SD) . | Mean (SD) . | Mean (SD) . | Mean (SD) . |
| GR-MLHFQ (QoL) | ||||
| Overall | ||||
| Before | 46.9 ± 26.2 | 48.7 ± 24 | 50.5 ± 20.8 | 50 ± 24.4 |
| After 3 months | 41.3 ± 23.1 | 35.8 ± 22.4 | 38.7 ± 22.8 | 38.4 ± 24.9 |
| Difference | 5.6 ± 18.4 | 12.9 ± 18.9 | 11.8 ± 20.3 | 11.6 ± 18.8 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.31 | 0.68 | 0.58 | 0.62 |
| Physical subscale | ||||
| Before | 27.6 ± 15.6 | 29.1 ± 13.8 | 29.4 ± 12.6 | 29 ± 14.1 |
| After 3 months | 23.8 ± 13.3 | 20.6 ± 12.5 | 22.1 ± 13.5 | 21.8 ± 14 |
| Difference | 3.8 ± 11.4 | 8.5 ± 11.5 | 7.3 ± 11.7 | 7.2 ± 10.5 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.33 | 0.74 | 0.63 | 0.69 |
| Emotional subscale | ||||
| Before | 9.6± 7.4 | 9.2 ± 7.2 | 10 ± 6 | 9.8 ± 7.1 |
| After 3 months | 8.3 ± 6.9 | 7 ± 6.6 | 7.3 ± 6.1 | 7.2 ± 6.6 |
| Difference | 1.3 ± 5.3 | 2.2 ± 7 | 2.7 ± 5.5 | 2.5 ± 6 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.25 | 0.32 | 0.48 | 0.43 |
| Social subscale | ||||
| Before | 7.7 ± 5.7 | 8.3 ± 5.7 | 8.8 ± 5.5 | 9 ± 5.6 |
| After 3 months | 7.5 ± 5.3 | 6.6 ± 5.1 | 7.2 ± 5.7 | 7.6 ± 5.5 |
| Difference | 0.2 ± 4.4 | 1.7 ± 4.7 | 1.5 ± 5.1 | 1.5 ± 5 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.05 | 0.36 | 0.30 | 0.29 |
| Gr9-EHFScBS (HF self-care) | ||||
| Overall | ||||
| Before | 32.0 ± 7.3 | 28.4 ± 7.8 | 30.3 ± 8.7 | 27.2 ± 8.4 |
| After 3 months | 28.1 ± 7.1 | 24.4 ± 5.8 | 24.9 ± 7.0 | 22.6 ± 6.1 |
| Difference | 3.9 ± 5.8 | 4.0 ± 8.2 | 5.4 ± 8.6 | 4.6 ± 7.6 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.54 | 0.57 | 0.67 | 0.62 |
| Adherence | ||||
| Before | 6.1 ± 2.6 | 5.2 ± 2.5 | 6.2 ± 2.6 | 5 ± 2.4 |
| After 3 months | 5.4 ± 2.3 | 4.9 ± 2.1 | 5.1 ± 2.1 | 4.6 ± 1.9 |
| Difference | 0.7 ± 2 | 0.3 ± 2.6 | 1.1 ± 2.6 | 0.4 ± 2.6 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.37 | 0.10 | 0.41 | 0.15 |
| Sodium and fluid | ||||
| Before | 10.3 ± 2.8 | 8.9 ± 3.3 | 9 ± 3.2 | 8 ± 3 |
| After 3 months | 8.7 ± 2.6 | 7.3 ± 2.3 | 6.9 ± 2.5 | 6 ± 2.1 |
| Difference | 1.6 ± 3 | 1.7 ± 3.3 | 2.1 ± 3.3 | 2 ± 3.1 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.54 | 0.51 | 0.65 | 0.63 |
| Physical activity/symptoms | ||||
| Before | 9 ± 2.7 | 8.7 ± 2.9 | 8.8 ± 3.1 | 8.1 ± 3.1 |
| After 3 months | 8.4 ± 3 | 7.2 ± 2.9 | 7.6 ± 3 | 6.8 ± 2.6 |
| Difference | 0.6 ± 2.5 | 1.5 ± 3.3 | 1.2 ± 2.9 | 1.2 ± 2.8 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.25 | 0.45 | 0.42 | 0.44 |
| DHFKS (HF knowledge) | ||||
| Overall | ||||
| Before | 7.4 ± 2.8 | 8.6 ± 2.5 | 8.1 ± 2.7 | 9.3 ± 2.2 |
| After 3 months | 8.4 ± 2.3 | 9.7 ± 2.7 | 9.6 ± 2.5 | 10.4 ± 2.5 |
| Difference | 1.0 ± 3.0 | 1.1 ± 2.6 | 1.5 ± 2.6 | 1.1 ± 2.5 |
| Cohen’s d | 0.38 | 0.42 | 0.57 | 0.44 |
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