Table 1 Open in new tab Experiments...

Vent field	Site name	Fluid origin	Fluid ID	Experiment condition	Abundance (cells ml⁻¹)	FLP grazer⁻¹hr⁻¹	Grazing rate (cells consumed ml⁻¹ hr⁻¹)	Clearance rate (mL grazer⁻¹hr⁻¹)	Specific grazing rate (Prokaryotes grazer⁻¹ hr⁻¹)	Bacteria turnover (% removed prokaryotes day⁻¹)	Temperature (°C)
Von Damm	Background	CTD002	Niskins 8–10	Ambient	91.838	69.97/113.7	3.79 × 10⁴	1.85/5.65 × 10⁴	0.178	127.07	3.70 × 10⁻⁵	1.38	8.0	4.2
	Plume	CTD001	Niskin 2	Ambient	157.77	55.98/284.4	1.65 × 10⁴	1.39/1.91 × 10⁴	0.316	24.03	9.24 × 10⁻⁶	0.15	3.5	4.2
	Mustard Stand	J2–1243	LV17	Ambient	259.77	230.9/288.6	5.67 × 10⁴	4.24/7.10 × 10⁴	bd	bd	bd	bd	bd	108.0
	Old Man Tree	J2–1238	IGT4	In situ	349.86	—	—	—	0.226	1050.38	4.22 × 10⁻⁵	3.00	35.0	121.6
	Ravelin #2	J2–1238	LV13a	Ambient	409.33	335.9/482.8	—	—	0.208	116.86	4.01 × 10⁻⁶	0.29	3.9	94.0
	Ravelin #2	J2–1244	IGT4	In situ	944.62	—	—	—	1.264	15867.10	2.40 × 10⁻⁴	16.80	540.0	98.2
	Ravelin #2	J2–1244	IGT5	In situ	629.74	—	—	—	bd	bd	bd	bd	bd	98.2
	Shrimp Hole	J2–1244	LV13	Ambient	385.72	377.8/393.6	4.20 × 10⁴	3.88/4.51 × 10⁴	bd	bd	bd	bd	bd	21.0
	X-18	J2–1235	LV23 & Bio5	Ambient	314.87	209.9/419.8	1.11 × 10⁵	10.9/1.14 × 10⁵	0.105	1166.28	3.32 × 10⁻⁵	3.70	25.0	48.0
Piccard	Plume	CTD004	Niskin 10	Ambient	79.301	55.98/112	5.14 × 10⁴	4.68/5.61 × 10⁴	0.322	44.26	1.10 × 10⁻⁵	0.56	2.1	4.5
	Lots 'O Shrimp	J2–1241	LV24	Ambient	230.91	230.9/230.9	5.39 × 10⁴	2.62/9.03 × 10⁴	bd	bd	bd	bd	bd	36.0
	Shrimpocalypse	J2–1240	LV13	Ambient	454.82	—	2.39 × 10⁵	10.90/3.22 × 10⁵	0.941	6006.91	5.54 × 10⁻⁵	13.21	60.0	85.0
	Shrimpocalypse	J2–1240	IGT3	In situ	384.84	—	2.39 × 10⁵	10.90/3.22 × 10⁵	1.008	17284.68	1.90 × 10⁻⁴	44.91	170.0	85.0
	Shrimpocalypse	J2–1240	IGT7	In situ	524.79	—	2.39 × 10⁵	10.90/3.22 × 10⁵	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	85.0

Vent field

Site name

Fluid origin

Fluid ID

Experiment condition

Abundance (cells ml⁻¹)

FLP grazer⁻¹hr⁻¹

Grazing rate (cells consumed ml⁻¹ hr⁻¹)

Clearance rate (mL grazer⁻¹hr⁻¹)

Specific grazing rate (Prokaryotes grazer⁻¹ hr⁻¹)

Bacteria turnover (% removed prokaryotes day⁻¹)

Temperature (°C)

Eukaryote

Prokaryote

Average

Min/max

Average

Min/max

Von Damm

Background

CTD002

Niskins 8–10

Ambient

91.838

69.97/113.7

3.79 × 10⁴

1.85/5.65 × 10⁴

0.178

127.07

3.70 × 10⁻⁵

1.38

8.0

4.2

Plume

CTD001

Niskin 2

Ambient

157.77

55.98/284.4

1.65 × 10⁴

1.39/1.91 × 10⁴

0.316

24.03

9.24 × 10⁻⁶

0.15

3.5

4.2

Mustard Stand

J2–1243

LV17

Ambient

259.77

230.9/288.6

5.67 × 10⁴

4.24/7.10 × 10⁴

108.0

Old Man Tree

J2–1238

IGT4

In situ

349.86

—

0.226

1050.38

4.22 × 10⁻⁵

3.00

35.0

121.6

Ravelin #2

J2–1238

LV13a

Ambient

409.33

335.9/482.8

—

0.208

116.86

4.01 × 10⁻⁶

0.29

3.9

94.0

Ravelin #2

J2–1244

IGT4

In situ

944.62

—

1.264

15867.10

2.40 × 10⁻⁴

16.80

540.0

98.2

Ravelin #2

J2–1244

IGT5

In situ

629.74

—

98.2

Shrimp Hole

J2–1244

LV13

Ambient

385.72

377.8/393.6

4.20 × 10⁴

3.88/4.51 × 10⁴

21.0

X-18

J2–1235

LV23 & Bio5

Ambient

314.87

209.9/419.8

1.11 × 10⁵

10.9/1.14 × 10⁵

0.105

1166.28

3.32 × 10⁻⁵

3.70

25.0

48.0

Piccard

Plume

CTD004

Niskin 10

Ambient

79.301

55.98/112

5.14 × 10⁴

4.68/5.61 × 10⁴

0.322

44.26

1.10 × 10⁻⁵

0.56

2.1

4.5

Lots 'O Shrimp

J2–1241

LV24

Ambient

230.91

230.9/230.9

5.39 × 10⁴

2.62/9.03 × 10⁴

36.0

Shrimpocalypse

J2–1240

LV13

Ambient

454.82

—

2.39 × 10⁵

10.90/3.22 × 10⁵

0.941

6006.91

5.54 × 10⁻⁵

13.21

60.0

85.0

Shrimpocalypse

J2–1240

IGT3

In situ

384.84

—

2.39 × 10⁵

10.90/3.22 × 10⁵

1.008

17284.68

1.90 × 10⁻⁴

44.91

170.0

85.0

Shrimpocalypse

J2–1240

IGT7

In situ

524.79

—

2.39 × 10⁵

10.90/3.22 × 10⁵

n/a

85.0

Vent field	Site name	Fluid origin	Fluid ID	Experiment condition	Abundance (cells ml⁻¹)	FLP grazer⁻¹hr⁻¹	Grazing rate (cells consumed ml⁻¹ hr⁻¹)	Clearance rate (mL grazer⁻¹hr⁻¹)	Specific grazing rate (Prokaryotes grazer⁻¹ hr⁻¹)	Bacteria turnover (% removed prokaryotes day⁻¹)	Temperature (°C)
Von Damm	Background	CTD002	Niskins 8–10	Ambient	91.838	69.97/113.7	3.79 × 10⁴	1.85/5.65 × 10⁴	0.178	127.07	3.70 × 10⁻⁵	1.38	8.0	4.2
	Plume	CTD001	Niskin 2	Ambient	157.77	55.98/284.4	1.65 × 10⁴	1.39/1.91 × 10⁴	0.316	24.03	9.24 × 10⁻⁶	0.15	3.5	4.2
	Mustard Stand	J2–1243	LV17	Ambient	259.77	230.9/288.6	5.67 × 10⁴	4.24/7.10 × 10⁴	bd	bd	bd	bd	bd	108.0
	Old Man Tree	J2–1238	IGT4	In situ	349.86	—	—	—	0.226	1050.38	4.22 × 10⁻⁵	3.00	35.0	121.6
	Ravelin #2	J2–1238	LV13a	Ambient	409.33	335.9/482.8	—	—	0.208	116.86	4.01 × 10⁻⁶	0.29	3.9	94.0
	Ravelin #2	J2–1244	IGT4	In situ	944.62	—	—	—	1.264	15867.10	2.40 × 10⁻⁴	16.80	540.0	98.2
	Ravelin #2	J2–1244	IGT5	In situ	629.74	—	—	—	bd	bd	bd	bd	bd	98.2
	Shrimp Hole	J2–1244	LV13	Ambient	385.72	377.8/393.6	4.20 × 10⁴	3.88/4.51 × 10⁴	bd	bd	bd	bd	bd	21.0
	X-18	J2–1235	LV23 & Bio5	Ambient	314.87	209.9/419.8	1.11 × 10⁵	10.9/1.14 × 10⁵	0.105	1166.28	3.32 × 10⁻⁵	3.70	25.0	48.0
Piccard	Plume	CTD004	Niskin 10	Ambient	79.301	55.98/112	5.14 × 10⁴	4.68/5.61 × 10⁴	0.322	44.26	1.10 × 10⁻⁵	0.56	2.1	4.5
	Lots 'O Shrimp	J2–1241	LV24	Ambient	230.91	230.9/230.9	5.39 × 10⁴	2.62/9.03 × 10⁴	bd	bd	bd	bd	bd	36.0
	Shrimpocalypse	J2–1240	LV13	Ambient	454.82	—	2.39 × 10⁵	10.90/3.22 × 10⁵	0.941	6006.91	5.54 × 10⁻⁵	13.21	60.0	85.0
	Shrimpocalypse	J2–1240	IGT3	In situ	384.84	—	2.39 × 10⁵	10.90/3.22 × 10⁵	1.008	17284.68	1.90 × 10⁻⁴	44.91	170.0	85.0
	Shrimpocalypse	J2–1240	IGT7	In situ	524.79	—	2.39 × 10⁵	10.90/3.22 × 10⁵	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	85.0

Table 1

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Experiments conducted at the Mid-Cayman Rise.^a

Vent field	Site name	Fluid origin	Fluid ID	Experiment condition	Abundance (cells ml⁻¹)				FLP grazer⁻¹hr⁻¹	Grazing rate (cells consumed ml⁻¹ hr⁻¹)	Clearance rate (mL grazer⁻¹hr⁻¹)	Specific grazing rate (Prokaryotes grazer⁻¹ hr⁻¹)	Bacteria turnover (% removed prokaryotes day⁻¹)	Temperature (°C)
					Eukaryote		Prokaryote
					Average	Min/max	Average	Min/max
Von Damm	Background	CTD002	Niskins 8–10	Ambient	91.838	69.97/113.7	3.79 × 10⁴	1.85/5.65 × 10⁴	0.178	127.07	3.70 × 10⁻⁵	1.38	8.0	4.2
	Plume	CTD001	Niskin 2	Ambient	157.77	55.98/284.4	1.65 × 10⁴	1.39/1.91 × 10⁴	0.316	24.03	9.24 × 10⁻⁶	0.15	3.5	4.2
	Mustard Stand	J2–1243	LV17	Ambient	259.77	230.9/288.6	5.67 × 10⁴	4.24/7.10 × 10⁴	bd	bd	bd	bd	bd	108.0
	Old Man Tree	J2–1238	IGT4	In situ	349.86	—	—	—	0.226	1050.38	4.22 × 10⁻⁵	3.00	35.0	121.6
	Ravelin #2	J2–1238	LV13a	Ambient	409.33	335.9/482.8	—	—	0.208	116.86	4.01 × 10⁻⁶	0.29	3.9	94.0
	Ravelin #2	J2–1244	IGT4	In situ	944.62	—	—	—	1.264	15867.10	2.40 × 10⁻⁴	16.80	540.0	98.2
	Ravelin #2	J2–1244	IGT5	In situ	629.74	—	—	—	bd	bd	bd	bd	bd	98.2
	Shrimp Hole	J2–1244	LV13	Ambient	385.72	377.8/393.6	4.20 × 10⁴	3.88/4.51 × 10⁴	bd	bd	bd	bd	bd	21.0
	X-18	J2–1235	LV23 & Bio5	Ambient	314.87	209.9/419.8	1.11 × 10⁵	10.9/1.14 × 10⁵	0.105	1166.28	3.32 × 10⁻⁵	3.70	25.0	48.0
Piccard	Plume	CTD004	Niskin 10	Ambient	79.301	55.98/112	5.14 × 10⁴	4.68/5.61 × 10⁴	0.322	44.26	1.10 × 10⁻⁵	0.56	2.1	4.5
	Lots 'O Shrimp	J2–1241	LV24	Ambient	230.91	230.9/230.9	5.39 × 10⁴	2.62/9.03 × 10⁴	bd	bd	bd	bd	bd	36.0
	Shrimpocalypse	J2–1240	LV13	Ambient	454.82	—	2.39 × 10⁵	10.90/3.22 × 10⁵	0.941	6006.91	5.54 × 10⁻⁵	13.21	60.0	85.0
	Shrimpocalypse	J2–1240	IGT3	In situ	384.84	—	2.39 × 10⁵	10.90/3.22 × 10⁵	1.008	17284.68	1.90 × 10⁻⁴	44.91	170.0	85.0
	Shrimpocalypse	J2–1240	IGT7	In situ	524.79	—	2.39 × 10⁵	10.90/3.22 × 10⁵	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	85.0

Vent field	Site name	Fluid origin	Fluid ID	Experiment condition	Abundance (cells ml⁻¹)				FLP grazer⁻¹hr⁻¹	Grazing rate (cells consumed ml⁻¹ hr⁻¹)	Clearance rate (mL grazer⁻¹hr⁻¹)	Specific grazing rate (Prokaryotes grazer⁻¹ hr⁻¹)	Bacteria turnover (% removed prokaryotes day⁻¹)	Temperature (°C)
					Eukaryote		Prokaryote
					Average	Min/max	Average	Min/max
Von Damm	Background	CTD002	Niskins 8–10	Ambient	91.838	69.97/113.7	3.79 × 10⁴	1.85/5.65 × 10⁴	0.178	127.07	3.70 × 10⁻⁵	1.38	8.0	4.2
	Plume	CTD001	Niskin 2	Ambient	157.77	55.98/284.4	1.65 × 10⁴	1.39/1.91 × 10⁴	0.316	24.03	9.24 × 10⁻⁶	0.15	3.5	4.2
	Mustard Stand	J2–1243	LV17	Ambient	259.77	230.9/288.6	5.67 × 10⁴	4.24/7.10 × 10⁴	bd	bd	bd	bd	bd	108.0
	Old Man Tree	J2–1238	IGT4	In situ	349.86	—	—	—	0.226	1050.38	4.22 × 10⁻⁵	3.00	35.0	121.6
	Ravelin #2	J2–1238	LV13a	Ambient	409.33	335.9/482.8	—	—	0.208	116.86	4.01 × 10⁻⁶	0.29	3.9	94.0
	Ravelin #2	J2–1244	IGT4	In situ	944.62	—	—	—	1.264	15867.10	2.40 × 10⁻⁴	16.80	540.0	98.2
	Ravelin #2	J2–1244	IGT5	In situ	629.74	—	—	—	bd	bd	bd	bd	bd	98.2
	Shrimp Hole	J2–1244	LV13	Ambient	385.72	377.8/393.6	4.20 × 10⁴	3.88/4.51 × 10⁴	bd	bd	bd	bd	bd	21.0
	X-18	J2–1235	LV23 & Bio5	Ambient	314.87	209.9/419.8	1.11 × 10⁵	10.9/1.14 × 10⁵	0.105	1166.28	3.32 × 10⁻⁵	3.70	25.0	48.0
Piccard	Plume	CTD004	Niskin 10	Ambient	79.301	55.98/112	5.14 × 10⁴	4.68/5.61 × 10⁴	0.322	44.26	1.10 × 10⁻⁵	0.56	2.1	4.5
	Lots 'O Shrimp	J2–1241	LV24	Ambient	230.91	230.9/230.9	5.39 × 10⁴	2.62/9.03 × 10⁴	bd	bd	bd	bd	bd	36.0
	Shrimpocalypse	J2–1240	LV13	Ambient	454.82	—	2.39 × 10⁵	10.90/3.22 × 10⁵	0.941	6006.91	5.54 × 10⁻⁵	13.21	60.0	85.0
	Shrimpocalypse	J2–1240	IGT3	In situ	384.84	—	2.39 × 10⁵	10.90/3.22 × 10⁵	1.008	17284.68	1.90 × 10⁻⁴	44.91	170.0	85.0
	Shrimpocalypse	J2–1240	IGT7	In situ	524.79	—	2.39 × 10⁵	10.90/3.22 × 10⁵	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	85.0

Includes 9 from Von Damm and 5 from Piccard of 14 total grazing assays; 5 were conducted in isobaric gas tight (IGT) chambers at in situ pressure. Of the IGT experiments, 4 of 5 were usable for grazing experiments; 1 experiment was only used for eukaryote cell abundance. Temperature reflects the highest recorded temperature at time of fluid collection. Prokaryotic cell concentrations were derived from discrete fixed samples from the same fluid, while the reported eukaryotic cell concentrations are derived from the T0 grazing experiment time points. When prokaryote cell abundances were not countable (due to mineral precipitation in the sample), an average prokaryotic cell ml⁻¹ was used for downstream calculations (7.11 × 10⁴ cell ml⁻¹). Absent grazing rates include those with a negative slope, and percentage prokaryote turnover shows the relative top-down (higher percentage) to bottom-up pressures on the microbial communities, based on grazing rate and cell concentrations.

bd, indicates not detected or below detection limit for grazing rate; n/a indicates grazing experiment was not countable; — indicates no value is available.

^*For prokaryote cells per ml that were not countable, an average across all vents was taken and used for calculations

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