Table 5.

Effects of drought on household farm-labour demand and wages

 Family labour Hired labour
 (1)(2) (3)(4)
Panel A: farm labour
Drought (year)−0.044−0.022
(0.033)(0.036)
Drought (growing season)−0.030−0.101*
(0.037)(0.038)
Mean of dep. variable202.8202.832.4732.47
Wages paid: hired labourNon-agric. wage income
Panel B: wages(1)(2)(3)(4)
Drought (year)−0.0540.058
(0.033)(0.057)
Drought (growing season)−0.125*0.031
(0.038)(0.083)
Mean of dep. variable55.3955.391264.061264.06
Household controlsYesYesYesYes
Weather controlsYesYesYesYes
District fixed effectsYesYesYesYes
Year fixed effectsYesYesYesYes
Observations9968996899689968
 Family labour Hired labour
 (1)(2) (3)(4)
Panel A: farm labour
Drought (year)−0.044−0.022
(0.033)(0.036)
Drought (growing season)−0.030−0.101*
(0.037)(0.038)
Mean of dep. variable202.8202.832.4732.47
Wages paid: hired labourNon-agric. wage income
Panel B: wages(1)(2)(3)(4)
Drought (year)−0.0540.058
(0.033)(0.057)
Drought (growing season)−0.125*0.031
(0.038)(0.083)
Mean of dep. variable55.3955.391264.061264.06
Household controlsYesYesYesYes
Weather controlsYesYesYesYes
District fixed effectsYesYesYesYes
Year fixed effectsYesYesYesYes
Observations9968996899689968

Notes: Drought is measured in the pre-survey year. The dependent variables in panel A are logarithms of family and hired labour days and in panel B logarithms of wages paid for hired labour and non-agricultural wage income. Household controls are age, gender and education of the household head, household size, land size and use of financial services. Weather controls include temperature shock, average monthly temperature and average monthly rainfall. Cluster robust standard errors are shown in parentheses.

*

p < 0.01,

p < 0.10.

Table 5.

Effects of drought on household farm-labour demand and wages

 Family labour Hired labour
 (1)(2) (3)(4)
Panel A: farm labour
Drought (year)−0.044−0.022
(0.033)(0.036)
Drought (growing season)−0.030−0.101*
(0.037)(0.038)
Mean of dep. variable202.8202.832.4732.47
Wages paid: hired labourNon-agric. wage income
Panel B: wages(1)(2)(3)(4)
Drought (year)−0.0540.058
(0.033)(0.057)
Drought (growing season)−0.125*0.031
(0.038)(0.083)
Mean of dep. variable55.3955.391264.061264.06
Household controlsYesYesYesYes
Weather controlsYesYesYesYes
District fixed effectsYesYesYesYes
Year fixed effectsYesYesYesYes
Observations9968996899689968
 Family labour Hired labour
 (1)(2) (3)(4)
Panel A: farm labour
Drought (year)−0.044−0.022
(0.033)(0.036)
Drought (growing season)−0.030−0.101*
(0.037)(0.038)
Mean of dep. variable202.8202.832.4732.47
Wages paid: hired labourNon-agric. wage income
Panel B: wages(1)(2)(3)(4)
Drought (year)−0.0540.058
(0.033)(0.057)
Drought (growing season)−0.125*0.031
(0.038)(0.083)
Mean of dep. variable55.3955.391264.061264.06
Household controlsYesYesYesYes
Weather controlsYesYesYesYes
District fixed effectsYesYesYesYes
Year fixed effectsYesYesYesYes
Observations9968996899689968

Notes: Drought is measured in the pre-survey year. The dependent variables in panel A are logarithms of family and hired labour days and in panel B logarithms of wages paid for hired labour and non-agricultural wage income. Household controls are age, gender and education of the household head, household size, land size and use of financial services. Weather controls include temperature shock, average monthly temperature and average monthly rainfall. Cluster robust standard errors are shown in parentheses.

*

p < 0.01,

p < 0.10.

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