Baseline characteristics by quartiles of moderate to vigorous physical activity volume groups
| . | Total . | Accelerometer-derived moderate to vigorous physical activity (min/week) . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Quartile 1 (0–74 min/week) . | Quartile 2 (75–167 min/week) . | Quartile 3 (168–301 min/week) . | Quartile 4 (302–2903 min/week) . | |
| n | 87 248 | 21 834 | 21 955 | 21 696 | 21 763 |
| Age, years, median [IQR] | 63.31 [56.16, 68.45] | 66.21 [59.67, 70.45] | 64.07 [56.85, 68.85] | 62.38 [55.38, 67.66] | 60.51 [53.76, 66.32] |
| Sex, n (%) | |||||
| Women | 49 638 (56.89) | 13 347 (61.13) | 12 763 (58.13) | 12 068 (55.62) | 11 460 (52.66) |
| Men | 37 610 (43.11) | 8487 (38.87) | 9192 (41.87) | 9628 (44.38) | 10 303 (47.34) |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | |||||
| White | 84 710 (97.09) | 21 240 (97.28) | 21 297 (97.00) | 21 036 (96.96) | 21 137 (97.12) |
| Black | 687 (.79) | 168 (.77) | 179 (.82) | 183 (.84) | 157 (.72) |
| Asian | 944 (1.08) | 246(1.12) | 274 (1.24) | 221(1.02) | 203(.93) |
| Mixed | 465 (.53) | 98 (.45) | 103 (.47) | 125 (.58) | 139 (.64) |
| Other | 442 (.51) | 82 (.38) | 102 (.46) | 131 (.60) | 127 (.58) |
| Townsend deprivation index, median [IQR] | −2.47 [−3.83, −.22] | −2.53 [−3.84, −.39] | −2.56 [−3.87, −.41] | −2.44 [−3.83, −.15] | −2.32 [−3.76, .07] |
| University education degree, n (%) | 38 218 (43.80) | 7666 (35.11) | 9202 (41.91) | 10 300 (47.47) | 11 050 (50.77) |
| Smoking status, n (%) | |||||
| Never | 50 526 (57.91) | 11 609 (53.17) | 12 749 (58.07) | 12 995 (59.90) | 13 173 (60.53) |
| Previous | 31 435 (36.03) | 8370 (38.33) | 7865 (35.82) | 7607 (35.06) | 7593 (34.89) |
| Current | 5287 (6.06) | 1855 (8.50) | 1341 (6.11) | 1094 (5.04) | 997 (4.58) |
| Alcohol intake, grams/day, median [IQR] | 12.11 [2.63, 24.11] | 9.60 [.80, 21.83] | 11.66 [2.56, 23.66] | 13.03 [3.87, 25.26] | 13.83 [4.34, 26.29] |
| Diet score, n (%) | |||||
| 0 | 10 535 (12.07) | 2822 (12.92) | 2767 (12.60) | 2564 (11.82) | 2382 (10.95) |
| 1 | 31 919 (36.58) | 8232 (37.70) | 8040 (36.62) | 7895 (36.39) | 7752 (35.62) |
| 2 | 31 413 (36.00) | 7618 (34.89) | 7909 (36.02) | 7873 (36.29) | 8013 (36.82) |
| 3 | 13 381 (15.34) | 3162 (14.48) | 3239 (14.75) | 3364 (15.51) | 3616 (16.62) |
| Sleep duration, h/day, median [IQR] | 7.00 [7.00, 8.00] | 7.00 [7.00, 8.00] | 7.00 [7.00, 8.00] | 7.00 [7.00, 8.00] | 7.00 [7.00, 8.00] |
| Discretionary screen time, h/day, median [IQR] | 3.50 [2.50, 5.00] | 4.00 [3.00, 5.00] | 3.50 [2.50, 5.00] | 3.00 [2.50, 4.50] | 3.00 [2.00, 4.00] |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | |||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 22 852 (26.19) | 8052 (36.88) | 5952 (27.11) | 4828 (22.25) | 4020 (18.47) |
| Obesity, n (%) | 3296 (3.78) | 1561 (7.15) | 798 (3.63) | 563 (2.59) | 374 (1.72) |
| Type 2 diabetes, n (%) | 2778 (3.18) | 1453 (6.65) | 610 (2.78) | 443 (2.04) | 272 (1.25) |
| Dyslipidaemia, n (%) | 13 767 (15.78) | 4867 (22.29) | 3606 (16.42) | 2958 (13.63) | 2336 (10.73) |
| Ischaemic heart disease, n (%) | 4332 (4.97) | 1765 (8.08) | 1137 (5.18) | 812 (3.74) | 618 (2.84) |
| Stroke, n (%) | 1186 (1.36) | 481 (2.20) | 305 (1.39) | 224 (1.03) | 176 (.81) |
| Peripheral arterial disease, n (%) | 1133 (1.30) | 381 (1.74) | 248 (1.13) | 252 (1.16) | 252 (1.16) |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 1986 (2.28) | 763 (3.49) | 536 (2.44) | 353 (1.63) | 334 (1.53) |
| Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 1535 (1.76) | 675 (3.09) | 362 (1.65) | 306 (1.41) | 192 (.88) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, n (%) | 1561 (1.79) | 738 (3.38) | 341 (1.55) | 268 (1.24) | 214 (.98) |
| Osteoporosis, n (%) | 2355 (2.70) | 792 (3.63) | 611 (2.78) | 497 (2.29) | 455 (2.09) |
| Chronic inflammatory disease, n (%) | 3367 (3.86) | 1144 (5.24) | 809 (3.68) | 754 (3.48) | 660 (3.03) |
| Psoriasis, n (%) | 2219 (2.54) | 661 (3.03) | 551 (2.51) | 526 (2.42) | 481 (2.21) |
| Systemic lupus erythematosus, n (%) | 123 (.14) | 42 (.19) | 29 (.13) | 29 (.13) | 23 (.11) |
| Rheumatoid arthritis, n (%) | 1102 (1.26) | 475 (2.18) | 245 (1.12) | 215 (.99) | 167 (.77) |
| Cancer, n (%) | 12 375 (14.18) | 3849 (17.63) | 3185 (14.51) | 2824 (13.02) | 2517 (11.57) |
| Physical measures and biomarkers | |||||
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg, mean (SD) | 137.59 (18.54) | 139.93 (18.60) | 138.07 (18.49) | 136.83 (18.49) | 135.53 (18.28) |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg, mean (SD) | 81.10 (10.10) | 81.98 (10.14) | 81.32 (10.07) | 80.87 (10.09) | 80.21 (10.01) |
| Body mass index, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 26.65 (4.55) | 28.57 (5.33) | 26.89 (4.35) | 26.01 (3.95) | 25.13 (3.67) |
| C reactive protein, mg/L, median [IQR] | 1.13 [.57, 2.34] | 1.59 [.81, 3.28] | 1.21 [.63, 2.46] | 1.01 [.53, 2.02] | .85 [.45, 1.72] |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73m2, median [IQR] | 97.30 [87.39, 103.59] | 95.63 [84.75, 101.67] | 96.64 [86.70, 103.04] | 97.85 [88.18, 104.04] | 99.22 [90.14, 105.35] |
| LDL direct, mmol/L, mean (SD) | 3.58 (.85) | 3.58 (.89) | 3.61 (.86) | 3.58 (.83) | 3.54 (.81) |
| Lipoprotein(a), nmol/L, median [IQR] | 20.30 [9.41, 60.60] | 20.20 [9.39, 61.10] | 20.32 [9.50, 59.50] | 20.30 [9.47, 60.40] | 20.40 [9.40, 61.20] |
| HDL, mmol/L, mean (SD) | 1.50 (.39) | 1.43 (.38) | 1.48 (.38) | 1.52 (.38) | 1.56 (.39) |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L, median [IQR] | 1.41 [1.00, 2.03] | 1.58 [1.12, 2.26] | 1.45 [1.04, 2.08] | 1.35 [.98, 1.94] | 1.26 [.91, 1.82] |
| HbA1c, mmol/mol, mean (SD) | 35.38 (5.52) | 36.65 (6.93) | 35.37 (5.32) | 34.93 (4.82) | 34.56 (4.43) |
| Serum calcium, mmol/L, mean (SD) | 2.38 (.09) | 2.39 (.09) | 2.38 (.09) | 2.38 (.09) | 2.38 (.09) |
| Serum phosphate, mmol/L, mean (SD) | 1.17 (.16) | 1.16 (.16) | 1.17 (.16) | 1.17 (.16) | 1.17 (.16) |
| Medications and supplements, n (%) | |||||
| Lipid-lowering medication, n (%) | 14 961 (17.15) | 5433 (24.88) | 3971 (18.09) | 3136 (14.45) | 2421 (11.12) |
| Antihypertensive medication, n (%) | 17 802 (20.40) | 6717 (30.76) | 4675 (21.29) | 3597 (16.58) | 2813 (12.93) |
| Anti-diabetic medication, n (%) | 2290 (2.62) | 1171 (5.36) | 495 (2.25) | 362 (1.67) | 262 (1.20) |
| Antithrombotic medication, n (%) | 10 788 (12.36) | 3873 (17.74) | 2788 (12.70) | 2225 (10.26) | 1902 (8.74) |
| Anti-resorptive medication, n (%) | 1480 (1.70) | 489 (2.24) | 386 (1.76) | 323 (1.49) | 282 (1.30) |
| Vitamin D/Vitamin K supplement, n (%) | 7584 (8.69) | 1863 (8.53) | 1949 (8.88) | 1907 (8.79) | 1865 (8.57) |
| Calcium supplement, n (%) | 6835 (7.83) | 1892 (8.67) | 1753 (7.98) | 1693 (7.80) | 1497 (6.88) |
| Physical activity measurement | |||||
| Average accelerationa, milligravity, median [IQR] | 27.28 [22.64, 32.71] | 21.67 [18.28, 25.07] | 25.58 [22.27, 29.13] | 28.89 [25.13, 32.80] | 35.28 [30.47, 40.65] |
| Wear duration, days, median [IQR] | 6.93 [6.73, 7.00] | 6.91 [6.66, 7.00] | 6.92 [6.73, 7.00] | 6.93 [6.75, 7.00] | 6.94 [6.77, 7.00] |
| MVPA, min/week, median [IQR] | 167.00 [74.00, 301.00] | 34.00 [14.00, 55.00] | 118.00 [96.00, 142.00] | 225.00 [195.00, 260.00] | 425.00 [355.00, 549.00] |
| Self-reported MVPA, min/week, median [IQR] | 180.00 [60.00, 405.00] | 130.00 [30.00, 360.00] | 160.00 [55.00, 362.50] | 180.00 [60.00, 400.00] | 240.00 [90.00, 480.00] |
| Self-reported MPA, min/week, median [IQR] | 120.00 [30.00, 280.00] | 90.00 [20.00, 240.00] | 100.00 [30.00, 270.00] | 120.00 [40.00, 270.00] | 135.00 [50.00, 300.00] |
| Self-reported VPA, min/week, median [IQR] | 30.00 [.00, 120.00] | 10.00 [.00, 60.00] | 30.00 [.00, 90.00] | 40.00 [.00, 120.00] | 60.00 [.00, 180.00] |
| . | Total . | Accelerometer-derived moderate to vigorous physical activity (min/week) . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Quartile 1 (0–74 min/week) . | Quartile 2 (75–167 min/week) . | Quartile 3 (168–301 min/week) . | Quartile 4 (302–2903 min/week) . | |
| n | 87 248 | 21 834 | 21 955 | 21 696 | 21 763 |
| Age, years, median [IQR] | 63.31 [56.16, 68.45] | 66.21 [59.67, 70.45] | 64.07 [56.85, 68.85] | 62.38 [55.38, 67.66] | 60.51 [53.76, 66.32] |
| Sex, n (%) | |||||
| Women | 49 638 (56.89) | 13 347 (61.13) | 12 763 (58.13) | 12 068 (55.62) | 11 460 (52.66) |
| Men | 37 610 (43.11) | 8487 (38.87) | 9192 (41.87) | 9628 (44.38) | 10 303 (47.34) |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | |||||
| White | 84 710 (97.09) | 21 240 (97.28) | 21 297 (97.00) | 21 036 (96.96) | 21 137 (97.12) |
| Black | 687 (.79) | 168 (.77) | 179 (.82) | 183 (.84) | 157 (.72) |
| Asian | 944 (1.08) | 246(1.12) | 274 (1.24) | 221(1.02) | 203(.93) |
| Mixed | 465 (.53) | 98 (.45) | 103 (.47) | 125 (.58) | 139 (.64) |
| Other | 442 (.51) | 82 (.38) | 102 (.46) | 131 (.60) | 127 (.58) |
| Townsend deprivation index, median [IQR] | −2.47 [−3.83, −.22] | −2.53 [−3.84, −.39] | −2.56 [−3.87, −.41] | −2.44 [−3.83, −.15] | −2.32 [−3.76, .07] |
| University education degree, n (%) | 38 218 (43.80) | 7666 (35.11) | 9202 (41.91) | 10 300 (47.47) | 11 050 (50.77) |
| Smoking status, n (%) | |||||
| Never | 50 526 (57.91) | 11 609 (53.17) | 12 749 (58.07) | 12 995 (59.90) | 13 173 (60.53) |
| Previous | 31 435 (36.03) | 8370 (38.33) | 7865 (35.82) | 7607 (35.06) | 7593 (34.89) |
| Current | 5287 (6.06) | 1855 (8.50) | 1341 (6.11) | 1094 (5.04) | 997 (4.58) |
| Alcohol intake, grams/day, median [IQR] | 12.11 [2.63, 24.11] | 9.60 [.80, 21.83] | 11.66 [2.56, 23.66] | 13.03 [3.87, 25.26] | 13.83 [4.34, 26.29] |
| Diet score, n (%) | |||||
| 0 | 10 535 (12.07) | 2822 (12.92) | 2767 (12.60) | 2564 (11.82) | 2382 (10.95) |
| 1 | 31 919 (36.58) | 8232 (37.70) | 8040 (36.62) | 7895 (36.39) | 7752 (35.62) |
| 2 | 31 413 (36.00) | 7618 (34.89) | 7909 (36.02) | 7873 (36.29) | 8013 (36.82) |
| 3 | 13 381 (15.34) | 3162 (14.48) | 3239 (14.75) | 3364 (15.51) | 3616 (16.62) |
| Sleep duration, h/day, median [IQR] | 7.00 [7.00, 8.00] | 7.00 [7.00, 8.00] | 7.00 [7.00, 8.00] | 7.00 [7.00, 8.00] | 7.00 [7.00, 8.00] |
| Discretionary screen time, h/day, median [IQR] | 3.50 [2.50, 5.00] | 4.00 [3.00, 5.00] | 3.50 [2.50, 5.00] | 3.00 [2.50, 4.50] | 3.00 [2.00, 4.00] |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | |||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 22 852 (26.19) | 8052 (36.88) | 5952 (27.11) | 4828 (22.25) | 4020 (18.47) |
| Obesity, n (%) | 3296 (3.78) | 1561 (7.15) | 798 (3.63) | 563 (2.59) | 374 (1.72) |
| Type 2 diabetes, n (%) | 2778 (3.18) | 1453 (6.65) | 610 (2.78) | 443 (2.04) | 272 (1.25) |
| Dyslipidaemia, n (%) | 13 767 (15.78) | 4867 (22.29) | 3606 (16.42) | 2958 (13.63) | 2336 (10.73) |
| Ischaemic heart disease, n (%) | 4332 (4.97) | 1765 (8.08) | 1137 (5.18) | 812 (3.74) | 618 (2.84) |
| Stroke, n (%) | 1186 (1.36) | 481 (2.20) | 305 (1.39) | 224 (1.03) | 176 (.81) |
| Peripheral arterial disease, n (%) | 1133 (1.30) | 381 (1.74) | 248 (1.13) | 252 (1.16) | 252 (1.16) |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 1986 (2.28) | 763 (3.49) | 536 (2.44) | 353 (1.63) | 334 (1.53) |
| Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 1535 (1.76) | 675 (3.09) | 362 (1.65) | 306 (1.41) | 192 (.88) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, n (%) | 1561 (1.79) | 738 (3.38) | 341 (1.55) | 268 (1.24) | 214 (.98) |
| Osteoporosis, n (%) | 2355 (2.70) | 792 (3.63) | 611 (2.78) | 497 (2.29) | 455 (2.09) |
| Chronic inflammatory disease, n (%) | 3367 (3.86) | 1144 (5.24) | 809 (3.68) | 754 (3.48) | 660 (3.03) |
| Psoriasis, n (%) | 2219 (2.54) | 661 (3.03) | 551 (2.51) | 526 (2.42) | 481 (2.21) |
| Systemic lupus erythematosus, n (%) | 123 (.14) | 42 (.19) | 29 (.13) | 29 (.13) | 23 (.11) |
| Rheumatoid arthritis, n (%) | 1102 (1.26) | 475 (2.18) | 245 (1.12) | 215 (.99) | 167 (.77) |
| Cancer, n (%) | 12 375 (14.18) | 3849 (17.63) | 3185 (14.51) | 2824 (13.02) | 2517 (11.57) |
| Physical measures and biomarkers | |||||
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg, mean (SD) | 137.59 (18.54) | 139.93 (18.60) | 138.07 (18.49) | 136.83 (18.49) | 135.53 (18.28) |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg, mean (SD) | 81.10 (10.10) | 81.98 (10.14) | 81.32 (10.07) | 80.87 (10.09) | 80.21 (10.01) |
| Body mass index, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 26.65 (4.55) | 28.57 (5.33) | 26.89 (4.35) | 26.01 (3.95) | 25.13 (3.67) |
| C reactive protein, mg/L, median [IQR] | 1.13 [.57, 2.34] | 1.59 [.81, 3.28] | 1.21 [.63, 2.46] | 1.01 [.53, 2.02] | .85 [.45, 1.72] |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73m2, median [IQR] | 97.30 [87.39, 103.59] | 95.63 [84.75, 101.67] | 96.64 [86.70, 103.04] | 97.85 [88.18, 104.04] | 99.22 [90.14, 105.35] |
| LDL direct, mmol/L, mean (SD) | 3.58 (.85) | 3.58 (.89) | 3.61 (.86) | 3.58 (.83) | 3.54 (.81) |
| Lipoprotein(a), nmol/L, median [IQR] | 20.30 [9.41, 60.60] | 20.20 [9.39, 61.10] | 20.32 [9.50, 59.50] | 20.30 [9.47, 60.40] | 20.40 [9.40, 61.20] |
| HDL, mmol/L, mean (SD) | 1.50 (.39) | 1.43 (.38) | 1.48 (.38) | 1.52 (.38) | 1.56 (.39) |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L, median [IQR] | 1.41 [1.00, 2.03] | 1.58 [1.12, 2.26] | 1.45 [1.04, 2.08] | 1.35 [.98, 1.94] | 1.26 [.91, 1.82] |
| HbA1c, mmol/mol, mean (SD) | 35.38 (5.52) | 36.65 (6.93) | 35.37 (5.32) | 34.93 (4.82) | 34.56 (4.43) |
| Serum calcium, mmol/L, mean (SD) | 2.38 (.09) | 2.39 (.09) | 2.38 (.09) | 2.38 (.09) | 2.38 (.09) |
| Serum phosphate, mmol/L, mean (SD) | 1.17 (.16) | 1.16 (.16) | 1.17 (.16) | 1.17 (.16) | 1.17 (.16) |
| Medications and supplements, n (%) | |||||
| Lipid-lowering medication, n (%) | 14 961 (17.15) | 5433 (24.88) | 3971 (18.09) | 3136 (14.45) | 2421 (11.12) |
| Antihypertensive medication, n (%) | 17 802 (20.40) | 6717 (30.76) | 4675 (21.29) | 3597 (16.58) | 2813 (12.93) |
| Anti-diabetic medication, n (%) | 2290 (2.62) | 1171 (5.36) | 495 (2.25) | 362 (1.67) | 262 (1.20) |
| Antithrombotic medication, n (%) | 10 788 (12.36) | 3873 (17.74) | 2788 (12.70) | 2225 (10.26) | 1902 (8.74) |
| Anti-resorptive medication, n (%) | 1480 (1.70) | 489 (2.24) | 386 (1.76) | 323 (1.49) | 282 (1.30) |
| Vitamin D/Vitamin K supplement, n (%) | 7584 (8.69) | 1863 (8.53) | 1949 (8.88) | 1907 (8.79) | 1865 (8.57) |
| Calcium supplement, n (%) | 6835 (7.83) | 1892 (8.67) | 1753 (7.98) | 1693 (7.80) | 1497 (6.88) |
| Physical activity measurement | |||||
| Average accelerationa, milligravity, median [IQR] | 27.28 [22.64, 32.71] | 21.67 [18.28, 25.07] | 25.58 [22.27, 29.13] | 28.89 [25.13, 32.80] | 35.28 [30.47, 40.65] |
| Wear duration, days, median [IQR] | 6.93 [6.73, 7.00] | 6.91 [6.66, 7.00] | 6.92 [6.73, 7.00] | 6.93 [6.75, 7.00] | 6.94 [6.77, 7.00] |
| MVPA, min/week, median [IQR] | 167.00 [74.00, 301.00] | 34.00 [14.00, 55.00] | 118.00 [96.00, 142.00] | 225.00 [195.00, 260.00] | 425.00 [355.00, 549.00] |
| Self-reported MVPA, min/week, median [IQR] | 180.00 [60.00, 405.00] | 130.00 [30.00, 360.00] | 160.00 [55.00, 362.50] | 180.00 [60.00, 400.00] | 240.00 [90.00, 480.00] |
| Self-reported MPA, min/week, median [IQR] | 120.00 [30.00, 280.00] | 90.00 [20.00, 240.00] | 100.00 [30.00, 270.00] | 120.00 [40.00, 270.00] | 135.00 [50.00, 300.00] |
| Self-reported VPA, min/week, median [IQR] | 30.00 [.00, 120.00] | 10.00 [.00, 60.00] | 30.00 [.00, 90.00] | 40.00 [.00, 120.00] | 60.00 [.00, 180.00] |
eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; IQR, interquartile range; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; MPA, moderate-intensity physical activity; MVPA, moderate to vigorous physical activity; SD, standard deviation; VPA, vigorous-intensity physical activity.
aNo wear time bias adjusted.
Baseline characteristics by quartiles of moderate to vigorous physical activity volume groups
| . | Total . | Accelerometer-derived moderate to vigorous physical activity (min/week) . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Quartile 1 (0–74 min/week) . | Quartile 2 (75–167 min/week) . | Quartile 3 (168–301 min/week) . | Quartile 4 (302–2903 min/week) . | |
| n | 87 248 | 21 834 | 21 955 | 21 696 | 21 763 |
| Age, years, median [IQR] | 63.31 [56.16, 68.45] | 66.21 [59.67, 70.45] | 64.07 [56.85, 68.85] | 62.38 [55.38, 67.66] | 60.51 [53.76, 66.32] |
| Sex, n (%) | |||||
| Women | 49 638 (56.89) | 13 347 (61.13) | 12 763 (58.13) | 12 068 (55.62) | 11 460 (52.66) |
| Men | 37 610 (43.11) | 8487 (38.87) | 9192 (41.87) | 9628 (44.38) | 10 303 (47.34) |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | |||||
| White | 84 710 (97.09) | 21 240 (97.28) | 21 297 (97.00) | 21 036 (96.96) | 21 137 (97.12) |
| Black | 687 (.79) | 168 (.77) | 179 (.82) | 183 (.84) | 157 (.72) |
| Asian | 944 (1.08) | 246(1.12) | 274 (1.24) | 221(1.02) | 203(.93) |
| Mixed | 465 (.53) | 98 (.45) | 103 (.47) | 125 (.58) | 139 (.64) |
| Other | 442 (.51) | 82 (.38) | 102 (.46) | 131 (.60) | 127 (.58) |
| Townsend deprivation index, median [IQR] | −2.47 [−3.83, −.22] | −2.53 [−3.84, −.39] | −2.56 [−3.87, −.41] | −2.44 [−3.83, −.15] | −2.32 [−3.76, .07] |
| University education degree, n (%) | 38 218 (43.80) | 7666 (35.11) | 9202 (41.91) | 10 300 (47.47) | 11 050 (50.77) |
| Smoking status, n (%) | |||||
| Never | 50 526 (57.91) | 11 609 (53.17) | 12 749 (58.07) | 12 995 (59.90) | 13 173 (60.53) |
| Previous | 31 435 (36.03) | 8370 (38.33) | 7865 (35.82) | 7607 (35.06) | 7593 (34.89) |
| Current | 5287 (6.06) | 1855 (8.50) | 1341 (6.11) | 1094 (5.04) | 997 (4.58) |
| Alcohol intake, grams/day, median [IQR] | 12.11 [2.63, 24.11] | 9.60 [.80, 21.83] | 11.66 [2.56, 23.66] | 13.03 [3.87, 25.26] | 13.83 [4.34, 26.29] |
| Diet score, n (%) | |||||
| 0 | 10 535 (12.07) | 2822 (12.92) | 2767 (12.60) | 2564 (11.82) | 2382 (10.95) |
| 1 | 31 919 (36.58) | 8232 (37.70) | 8040 (36.62) | 7895 (36.39) | 7752 (35.62) |
| 2 | 31 413 (36.00) | 7618 (34.89) | 7909 (36.02) | 7873 (36.29) | 8013 (36.82) |
| 3 | 13 381 (15.34) | 3162 (14.48) | 3239 (14.75) | 3364 (15.51) | 3616 (16.62) |
| Sleep duration, h/day, median [IQR] | 7.00 [7.00, 8.00] | 7.00 [7.00, 8.00] | 7.00 [7.00, 8.00] | 7.00 [7.00, 8.00] | 7.00 [7.00, 8.00] |
| Discretionary screen time, h/day, median [IQR] | 3.50 [2.50, 5.00] | 4.00 [3.00, 5.00] | 3.50 [2.50, 5.00] | 3.00 [2.50, 4.50] | 3.00 [2.00, 4.00] |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | |||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 22 852 (26.19) | 8052 (36.88) | 5952 (27.11) | 4828 (22.25) | 4020 (18.47) |
| Obesity, n (%) | 3296 (3.78) | 1561 (7.15) | 798 (3.63) | 563 (2.59) | 374 (1.72) |
| Type 2 diabetes, n (%) | 2778 (3.18) | 1453 (6.65) | 610 (2.78) | 443 (2.04) | 272 (1.25) |
| Dyslipidaemia, n (%) | 13 767 (15.78) | 4867 (22.29) | 3606 (16.42) | 2958 (13.63) | 2336 (10.73) |
| Ischaemic heart disease, n (%) | 4332 (4.97) | 1765 (8.08) | 1137 (5.18) | 812 (3.74) | 618 (2.84) |
| Stroke, n (%) | 1186 (1.36) | 481 (2.20) | 305 (1.39) | 224 (1.03) | 176 (.81) |
| Peripheral arterial disease, n (%) | 1133 (1.30) | 381 (1.74) | 248 (1.13) | 252 (1.16) | 252 (1.16) |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 1986 (2.28) | 763 (3.49) | 536 (2.44) | 353 (1.63) | 334 (1.53) |
| Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 1535 (1.76) | 675 (3.09) | 362 (1.65) | 306 (1.41) | 192 (.88) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, n (%) | 1561 (1.79) | 738 (3.38) | 341 (1.55) | 268 (1.24) | 214 (.98) |
| Osteoporosis, n (%) | 2355 (2.70) | 792 (3.63) | 611 (2.78) | 497 (2.29) | 455 (2.09) |
| Chronic inflammatory disease, n (%) | 3367 (3.86) | 1144 (5.24) | 809 (3.68) | 754 (3.48) | 660 (3.03) |
| Psoriasis, n (%) | 2219 (2.54) | 661 (3.03) | 551 (2.51) | 526 (2.42) | 481 (2.21) |
| Systemic lupus erythematosus, n (%) | 123 (.14) | 42 (.19) | 29 (.13) | 29 (.13) | 23 (.11) |
| Rheumatoid arthritis, n (%) | 1102 (1.26) | 475 (2.18) | 245 (1.12) | 215 (.99) | 167 (.77) |
| Cancer, n (%) | 12 375 (14.18) | 3849 (17.63) | 3185 (14.51) | 2824 (13.02) | 2517 (11.57) |
| Physical measures and biomarkers | |||||
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg, mean (SD) | 137.59 (18.54) | 139.93 (18.60) | 138.07 (18.49) | 136.83 (18.49) | 135.53 (18.28) |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg, mean (SD) | 81.10 (10.10) | 81.98 (10.14) | 81.32 (10.07) | 80.87 (10.09) | 80.21 (10.01) |
| Body mass index, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 26.65 (4.55) | 28.57 (5.33) | 26.89 (4.35) | 26.01 (3.95) | 25.13 (3.67) |
| C reactive protein, mg/L, median [IQR] | 1.13 [.57, 2.34] | 1.59 [.81, 3.28] | 1.21 [.63, 2.46] | 1.01 [.53, 2.02] | .85 [.45, 1.72] |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73m2, median [IQR] | 97.30 [87.39, 103.59] | 95.63 [84.75, 101.67] | 96.64 [86.70, 103.04] | 97.85 [88.18, 104.04] | 99.22 [90.14, 105.35] |
| LDL direct, mmol/L, mean (SD) | 3.58 (.85) | 3.58 (.89) | 3.61 (.86) | 3.58 (.83) | 3.54 (.81) |
| Lipoprotein(a), nmol/L, median [IQR] | 20.30 [9.41, 60.60] | 20.20 [9.39, 61.10] | 20.32 [9.50, 59.50] | 20.30 [9.47, 60.40] | 20.40 [9.40, 61.20] |
| HDL, mmol/L, mean (SD) | 1.50 (.39) | 1.43 (.38) | 1.48 (.38) | 1.52 (.38) | 1.56 (.39) |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L, median [IQR] | 1.41 [1.00, 2.03] | 1.58 [1.12, 2.26] | 1.45 [1.04, 2.08] | 1.35 [.98, 1.94] | 1.26 [.91, 1.82] |
| HbA1c, mmol/mol, mean (SD) | 35.38 (5.52) | 36.65 (6.93) | 35.37 (5.32) | 34.93 (4.82) | 34.56 (4.43) |
| Serum calcium, mmol/L, mean (SD) | 2.38 (.09) | 2.39 (.09) | 2.38 (.09) | 2.38 (.09) | 2.38 (.09) |
| Serum phosphate, mmol/L, mean (SD) | 1.17 (.16) | 1.16 (.16) | 1.17 (.16) | 1.17 (.16) | 1.17 (.16) |
| Medications and supplements, n (%) | |||||
| Lipid-lowering medication, n (%) | 14 961 (17.15) | 5433 (24.88) | 3971 (18.09) | 3136 (14.45) | 2421 (11.12) |
| Antihypertensive medication, n (%) | 17 802 (20.40) | 6717 (30.76) | 4675 (21.29) | 3597 (16.58) | 2813 (12.93) |
| Anti-diabetic medication, n (%) | 2290 (2.62) | 1171 (5.36) | 495 (2.25) | 362 (1.67) | 262 (1.20) |
| Antithrombotic medication, n (%) | 10 788 (12.36) | 3873 (17.74) | 2788 (12.70) | 2225 (10.26) | 1902 (8.74) |
| Anti-resorptive medication, n (%) | 1480 (1.70) | 489 (2.24) | 386 (1.76) | 323 (1.49) | 282 (1.30) |
| Vitamin D/Vitamin K supplement, n (%) | 7584 (8.69) | 1863 (8.53) | 1949 (8.88) | 1907 (8.79) | 1865 (8.57) |
| Calcium supplement, n (%) | 6835 (7.83) | 1892 (8.67) | 1753 (7.98) | 1693 (7.80) | 1497 (6.88) |
| Physical activity measurement | |||||
| Average accelerationa, milligravity, median [IQR] | 27.28 [22.64, 32.71] | 21.67 [18.28, 25.07] | 25.58 [22.27, 29.13] | 28.89 [25.13, 32.80] | 35.28 [30.47, 40.65] |
| Wear duration, days, median [IQR] | 6.93 [6.73, 7.00] | 6.91 [6.66, 7.00] | 6.92 [6.73, 7.00] | 6.93 [6.75, 7.00] | 6.94 [6.77, 7.00] |
| MVPA, min/week, median [IQR] | 167.00 [74.00, 301.00] | 34.00 [14.00, 55.00] | 118.00 [96.00, 142.00] | 225.00 [195.00, 260.00] | 425.00 [355.00, 549.00] |
| Self-reported MVPA, min/week, median [IQR] | 180.00 [60.00, 405.00] | 130.00 [30.00, 360.00] | 160.00 [55.00, 362.50] | 180.00 [60.00, 400.00] | 240.00 [90.00, 480.00] |
| Self-reported MPA, min/week, median [IQR] | 120.00 [30.00, 280.00] | 90.00 [20.00, 240.00] | 100.00 [30.00, 270.00] | 120.00 [40.00, 270.00] | 135.00 [50.00, 300.00] |
| Self-reported VPA, min/week, median [IQR] | 30.00 [.00, 120.00] | 10.00 [.00, 60.00] | 30.00 [.00, 90.00] | 40.00 [.00, 120.00] | 60.00 [.00, 180.00] |
| . | Total . | Accelerometer-derived moderate to vigorous physical activity (min/week) . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Quartile 1 (0–74 min/week) . | Quartile 2 (75–167 min/week) . | Quartile 3 (168–301 min/week) . | Quartile 4 (302–2903 min/week) . | |
| n | 87 248 | 21 834 | 21 955 | 21 696 | 21 763 |
| Age, years, median [IQR] | 63.31 [56.16, 68.45] | 66.21 [59.67, 70.45] | 64.07 [56.85, 68.85] | 62.38 [55.38, 67.66] | 60.51 [53.76, 66.32] |
| Sex, n (%) | |||||
| Women | 49 638 (56.89) | 13 347 (61.13) | 12 763 (58.13) | 12 068 (55.62) | 11 460 (52.66) |
| Men | 37 610 (43.11) | 8487 (38.87) | 9192 (41.87) | 9628 (44.38) | 10 303 (47.34) |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | |||||
| White | 84 710 (97.09) | 21 240 (97.28) | 21 297 (97.00) | 21 036 (96.96) | 21 137 (97.12) |
| Black | 687 (.79) | 168 (.77) | 179 (.82) | 183 (.84) | 157 (.72) |
| Asian | 944 (1.08) | 246(1.12) | 274 (1.24) | 221(1.02) | 203(.93) |
| Mixed | 465 (.53) | 98 (.45) | 103 (.47) | 125 (.58) | 139 (.64) |
| Other | 442 (.51) | 82 (.38) | 102 (.46) | 131 (.60) | 127 (.58) |
| Townsend deprivation index, median [IQR] | −2.47 [−3.83, −.22] | −2.53 [−3.84, −.39] | −2.56 [−3.87, −.41] | −2.44 [−3.83, −.15] | −2.32 [−3.76, .07] |
| University education degree, n (%) | 38 218 (43.80) | 7666 (35.11) | 9202 (41.91) | 10 300 (47.47) | 11 050 (50.77) |
| Smoking status, n (%) | |||||
| Never | 50 526 (57.91) | 11 609 (53.17) | 12 749 (58.07) | 12 995 (59.90) | 13 173 (60.53) |
| Previous | 31 435 (36.03) | 8370 (38.33) | 7865 (35.82) | 7607 (35.06) | 7593 (34.89) |
| Current | 5287 (6.06) | 1855 (8.50) | 1341 (6.11) | 1094 (5.04) | 997 (4.58) |
| Alcohol intake, grams/day, median [IQR] | 12.11 [2.63, 24.11] | 9.60 [.80, 21.83] | 11.66 [2.56, 23.66] | 13.03 [3.87, 25.26] | 13.83 [4.34, 26.29] |
| Diet score, n (%) | |||||
| 0 | 10 535 (12.07) | 2822 (12.92) | 2767 (12.60) | 2564 (11.82) | 2382 (10.95) |
| 1 | 31 919 (36.58) | 8232 (37.70) | 8040 (36.62) | 7895 (36.39) | 7752 (35.62) |
| 2 | 31 413 (36.00) | 7618 (34.89) | 7909 (36.02) | 7873 (36.29) | 8013 (36.82) |
| 3 | 13 381 (15.34) | 3162 (14.48) | 3239 (14.75) | 3364 (15.51) | 3616 (16.62) |
| Sleep duration, h/day, median [IQR] | 7.00 [7.00, 8.00] | 7.00 [7.00, 8.00] | 7.00 [7.00, 8.00] | 7.00 [7.00, 8.00] | 7.00 [7.00, 8.00] |
| Discretionary screen time, h/day, median [IQR] | 3.50 [2.50, 5.00] | 4.00 [3.00, 5.00] | 3.50 [2.50, 5.00] | 3.00 [2.50, 4.50] | 3.00 [2.00, 4.00] |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | |||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 22 852 (26.19) | 8052 (36.88) | 5952 (27.11) | 4828 (22.25) | 4020 (18.47) |
| Obesity, n (%) | 3296 (3.78) | 1561 (7.15) | 798 (3.63) | 563 (2.59) | 374 (1.72) |
| Type 2 diabetes, n (%) | 2778 (3.18) | 1453 (6.65) | 610 (2.78) | 443 (2.04) | 272 (1.25) |
| Dyslipidaemia, n (%) | 13 767 (15.78) | 4867 (22.29) | 3606 (16.42) | 2958 (13.63) | 2336 (10.73) |
| Ischaemic heart disease, n (%) | 4332 (4.97) | 1765 (8.08) | 1137 (5.18) | 812 (3.74) | 618 (2.84) |
| Stroke, n (%) | 1186 (1.36) | 481 (2.20) | 305 (1.39) | 224 (1.03) | 176 (.81) |
| Peripheral arterial disease, n (%) | 1133 (1.30) | 381 (1.74) | 248 (1.13) | 252 (1.16) | 252 (1.16) |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 1986 (2.28) | 763 (3.49) | 536 (2.44) | 353 (1.63) | 334 (1.53) |
| Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 1535 (1.76) | 675 (3.09) | 362 (1.65) | 306 (1.41) | 192 (.88) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, n (%) | 1561 (1.79) | 738 (3.38) | 341 (1.55) | 268 (1.24) | 214 (.98) |
| Osteoporosis, n (%) | 2355 (2.70) | 792 (3.63) | 611 (2.78) | 497 (2.29) | 455 (2.09) |
| Chronic inflammatory disease, n (%) | 3367 (3.86) | 1144 (5.24) | 809 (3.68) | 754 (3.48) | 660 (3.03) |
| Psoriasis, n (%) | 2219 (2.54) | 661 (3.03) | 551 (2.51) | 526 (2.42) | 481 (2.21) |
| Systemic lupus erythematosus, n (%) | 123 (.14) | 42 (.19) | 29 (.13) | 29 (.13) | 23 (.11) |
| Rheumatoid arthritis, n (%) | 1102 (1.26) | 475 (2.18) | 245 (1.12) | 215 (.99) | 167 (.77) |
| Cancer, n (%) | 12 375 (14.18) | 3849 (17.63) | 3185 (14.51) | 2824 (13.02) | 2517 (11.57) |
| Physical measures and biomarkers | |||||
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg, mean (SD) | 137.59 (18.54) | 139.93 (18.60) | 138.07 (18.49) | 136.83 (18.49) | 135.53 (18.28) |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg, mean (SD) | 81.10 (10.10) | 81.98 (10.14) | 81.32 (10.07) | 80.87 (10.09) | 80.21 (10.01) |
| Body mass index, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 26.65 (4.55) | 28.57 (5.33) | 26.89 (4.35) | 26.01 (3.95) | 25.13 (3.67) |
| C reactive protein, mg/L, median [IQR] | 1.13 [.57, 2.34] | 1.59 [.81, 3.28] | 1.21 [.63, 2.46] | 1.01 [.53, 2.02] | .85 [.45, 1.72] |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73m2, median [IQR] | 97.30 [87.39, 103.59] | 95.63 [84.75, 101.67] | 96.64 [86.70, 103.04] | 97.85 [88.18, 104.04] | 99.22 [90.14, 105.35] |
| LDL direct, mmol/L, mean (SD) | 3.58 (.85) | 3.58 (.89) | 3.61 (.86) | 3.58 (.83) | 3.54 (.81) |
| Lipoprotein(a), nmol/L, median [IQR] | 20.30 [9.41, 60.60] | 20.20 [9.39, 61.10] | 20.32 [9.50, 59.50] | 20.30 [9.47, 60.40] | 20.40 [9.40, 61.20] |
| HDL, mmol/L, mean (SD) | 1.50 (.39) | 1.43 (.38) | 1.48 (.38) | 1.52 (.38) | 1.56 (.39) |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L, median [IQR] | 1.41 [1.00, 2.03] | 1.58 [1.12, 2.26] | 1.45 [1.04, 2.08] | 1.35 [.98, 1.94] | 1.26 [.91, 1.82] |
| HbA1c, mmol/mol, mean (SD) | 35.38 (5.52) | 36.65 (6.93) | 35.37 (5.32) | 34.93 (4.82) | 34.56 (4.43) |
| Serum calcium, mmol/L, mean (SD) | 2.38 (.09) | 2.39 (.09) | 2.38 (.09) | 2.38 (.09) | 2.38 (.09) |
| Serum phosphate, mmol/L, mean (SD) | 1.17 (.16) | 1.16 (.16) | 1.17 (.16) | 1.17 (.16) | 1.17 (.16) |
| Medications and supplements, n (%) | |||||
| Lipid-lowering medication, n (%) | 14 961 (17.15) | 5433 (24.88) | 3971 (18.09) | 3136 (14.45) | 2421 (11.12) |
| Antihypertensive medication, n (%) | 17 802 (20.40) | 6717 (30.76) | 4675 (21.29) | 3597 (16.58) | 2813 (12.93) |
| Anti-diabetic medication, n (%) | 2290 (2.62) | 1171 (5.36) | 495 (2.25) | 362 (1.67) | 262 (1.20) |
| Antithrombotic medication, n (%) | 10 788 (12.36) | 3873 (17.74) | 2788 (12.70) | 2225 (10.26) | 1902 (8.74) |
| Anti-resorptive medication, n (%) | 1480 (1.70) | 489 (2.24) | 386 (1.76) | 323 (1.49) | 282 (1.30) |
| Vitamin D/Vitamin K supplement, n (%) | 7584 (8.69) | 1863 (8.53) | 1949 (8.88) | 1907 (8.79) | 1865 (8.57) |
| Calcium supplement, n (%) | 6835 (7.83) | 1892 (8.67) | 1753 (7.98) | 1693 (7.80) | 1497 (6.88) |
| Physical activity measurement | |||||
| Average accelerationa, milligravity, median [IQR] | 27.28 [22.64, 32.71] | 21.67 [18.28, 25.07] | 25.58 [22.27, 29.13] | 28.89 [25.13, 32.80] | 35.28 [30.47, 40.65] |
| Wear duration, days, median [IQR] | 6.93 [6.73, 7.00] | 6.91 [6.66, 7.00] | 6.92 [6.73, 7.00] | 6.93 [6.75, 7.00] | 6.94 [6.77, 7.00] |
| MVPA, min/week, median [IQR] | 167.00 [74.00, 301.00] | 34.00 [14.00, 55.00] | 118.00 [96.00, 142.00] | 225.00 [195.00, 260.00] | 425.00 [355.00, 549.00] |
| Self-reported MVPA, min/week, median [IQR] | 180.00 [60.00, 405.00] | 130.00 [30.00, 360.00] | 160.00 [55.00, 362.50] | 180.00 [60.00, 400.00] | 240.00 [90.00, 480.00] |
| Self-reported MPA, min/week, median [IQR] | 120.00 [30.00, 280.00] | 90.00 [20.00, 240.00] | 100.00 [30.00, 270.00] | 120.00 [40.00, 270.00] | 135.00 [50.00, 300.00] |
| Self-reported VPA, min/week, median [IQR] | 30.00 [.00, 120.00] | 10.00 [.00, 60.00] | 30.00 [.00, 90.00] | 40.00 [.00, 120.00] | 60.00 [.00, 180.00] |
eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; IQR, interquartile range; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; MPA, moderate-intensity physical activity; MVPA, moderate to vigorous physical activity; SD, standard deviation; VPA, vigorous-intensity physical activity.
aNo wear time bias adjusted.
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