The top 10 most accelerated genes in small relative testes mass species based on RERconverge.
| Gene symbol . | Rho . | P.adj . | Expression patterns . | Reproductive function . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zcchc13 | 0.3548 | 8.35E-03 | High in testis | Homozygous mutants show normal fertility |
| Stk31 | 0.3386 | 8.35E-03 | Highest in spermatocyte; also highly expressed in other gonadal and zygotic tissues | Homozygous mutants show normal fertility |
| Akap4 | 0.3171 | 3.98E-02 | Testis-specific (especially spermatid) | Part of sperm fibrous sheath structure; involved in sperm motility |
| Sel1l2 | 0.3537 | 4.16E-02 | Highly expressed in spermatid, spermatocyte, and seminiferous tubules | Unknown |
| Ppp2r1b | 0.3129 | 4.16E-02 | Expressed in several developing tissues, including indifferent gonad; also expressed in seminal vesicle and spermatid | Essential for proper meiosis in spermatocytes; homozygous deletion mice infertile (Du et al., 2021) |
| Sox30 | 0.2837 | 6.30E-02 | High in testis | Activates postmeiotic genes involved in spermiogenesis |
| Ddx43 | 0.2651 | 1.37E-01 | Highest in spermatocyte; also highly expressed in other gonadal and zygotic tissues | Chromatin remodeling; homozygous deletion mice infertile (Tan et al., 2023) |
| Calr3 | 0.2706 | 1.70E-01 | Highest in spermatid; also highly expressed in other gonadal and zygotic tissues | Required for zona pellucida binding and fertilization |
| Angel1 | 0.2658 | 1.70E-01 | Highest in spermatid; also highly expressed in other gonadal and zygotic tissues | Unknown |
| Ybx2 | 0.2739 | 1.74E-01 | Highest in seminiferous tubule; also highly expressed in other gonadal and zygotic tissues | Required for late stages of spermatogenesis; required for both male and female fertility |
| Gene symbol . | Rho . | P.adj . | Expression patterns . | Reproductive function . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zcchc13 | 0.3548 | 8.35E-03 | High in testis | Homozygous mutants show normal fertility |
| Stk31 | 0.3386 | 8.35E-03 | Highest in spermatocyte; also highly expressed in other gonadal and zygotic tissues | Homozygous mutants show normal fertility |
| Akap4 | 0.3171 | 3.98E-02 | Testis-specific (especially spermatid) | Part of sperm fibrous sheath structure; involved in sperm motility |
| Sel1l2 | 0.3537 | 4.16E-02 | Highly expressed in spermatid, spermatocyte, and seminiferous tubules | Unknown |
| Ppp2r1b | 0.3129 | 4.16E-02 | Expressed in several developing tissues, including indifferent gonad; also expressed in seminal vesicle and spermatid | Essential for proper meiosis in spermatocytes; homozygous deletion mice infertile (Du et al., 2021) |
| Sox30 | 0.2837 | 6.30E-02 | High in testis | Activates postmeiotic genes involved in spermiogenesis |
| Ddx43 | 0.2651 | 1.37E-01 | Highest in spermatocyte; also highly expressed in other gonadal and zygotic tissues | Chromatin remodeling; homozygous deletion mice infertile (Tan et al., 2023) |
| Calr3 | 0.2706 | 1.70E-01 | Highest in spermatid; also highly expressed in other gonadal and zygotic tissues | Required for zona pellucida binding and fertilization |
| Angel1 | 0.2658 | 1.70E-01 | Highest in spermatid; also highly expressed in other gonadal and zygotic tissues | Unknown |
| Ybx2 | 0.2739 | 1.74E-01 | Highest in seminiferous tubule; also highly expressed in other gonadal and zygotic tissues | Required for late stages of spermatogenesis; required for both male and female fertility |
Higher Rho values indicate a stronger positive correlation between relative molecular evolutionary rate and lineages with shifts to smaller relative testes mass. P.adj is the p-value from RERconverge corrected for multiple tests. Expression patterns are based on the Bgee suite (Bastian et al., 2021). Reproductive functions are based on Uniprot (The UniProt Consortium, 2020) and the Mouse Genome Informatics database (Baldarelli et al., 2024) unless noted otherwise.
The top 10 most accelerated genes in small relative testes mass species based on RERconverge.
| Gene symbol . | Rho . | P.adj . | Expression patterns . | Reproductive function . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zcchc13 | 0.3548 | 8.35E-03 | High in testis | Homozygous mutants show normal fertility |
| Stk31 | 0.3386 | 8.35E-03 | Highest in spermatocyte; also highly expressed in other gonadal and zygotic tissues | Homozygous mutants show normal fertility |
| Akap4 | 0.3171 | 3.98E-02 | Testis-specific (especially spermatid) | Part of sperm fibrous sheath structure; involved in sperm motility |
| Sel1l2 | 0.3537 | 4.16E-02 | Highly expressed in spermatid, spermatocyte, and seminiferous tubules | Unknown |
| Ppp2r1b | 0.3129 | 4.16E-02 | Expressed in several developing tissues, including indifferent gonad; also expressed in seminal vesicle and spermatid | Essential for proper meiosis in spermatocytes; homozygous deletion mice infertile (Du et al., 2021) |
| Sox30 | 0.2837 | 6.30E-02 | High in testis | Activates postmeiotic genes involved in spermiogenesis |
| Ddx43 | 0.2651 | 1.37E-01 | Highest in spermatocyte; also highly expressed in other gonadal and zygotic tissues | Chromatin remodeling; homozygous deletion mice infertile (Tan et al., 2023) |
| Calr3 | 0.2706 | 1.70E-01 | Highest in spermatid; also highly expressed in other gonadal and zygotic tissues | Required for zona pellucida binding and fertilization |
| Angel1 | 0.2658 | 1.70E-01 | Highest in spermatid; also highly expressed in other gonadal and zygotic tissues | Unknown |
| Ybx2 | 0.2739 | 1.74E-01 | Highest in seminiferous tubule; also highly expressed in other gonadal and zygotic tissues | Required for late stages of spermatogenesis; required for both male and female fertility |
| Gene symbol . | Rho . | P.adj . | Expression patterns . | Reproductive function . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zcchc13 | 0.3548 | 8.35E-03 | High in testis | Homozygous mutants show normal fertility |
| Stk31 | 0.3386 | 8.35E-03 | Highest in spermatocyte; also highly expressed in other gonadal and zygotic tissues | Homozygous mutants show normal fertility |
| Akap4 | 0.3171 | 3.98E-02 | Testis-specific (especially spermatid) | Part of sperm fibrous sheath structure; involved in sperm motility |
| Sel1l2 | 0.3537 | 4.16E-02 | Highly expressed in spermatid, spermatocyte, and seminiferous tubules | Unknown |
| Ppp2r1b | 0.3129 | 4.16E-02 | Expressed in several developing tissues, including indifferent gonad; also expressed in seminal vesicle and spermatid | Essential for proper meiosis in spermatocytes; homozygous deletion mice infertile (Du et al., 2021) |
| Sox30 | 0.2837 | 6.30E-02 | High in testis | Activates postmeiotic genes involved in spermiogenesis |
| Ddx43 | 0.2651 | 1.37E-01 | Highest in spermatocyte; also highly expressed in other gonadal and zygotic tissues | Chromatin remodeling; homozygous deletion mice infertile (Tan et al., 2023) |
| Calr3 | 0.2706 | 1.70E-01 | Highest in spermatid; also highly expressed in other gonadal and zygotic tissues | Required for zona pellucida binding and fertilization |
| Angel1 | 0.2658 | 1.70E-01 | Highest in spermatid; also highly expressed in other gonadal and zygotic tissues | Unknown |
| Ybx2 | 0.2739 | 1.74E-01 | Highest in seminiferous tubule; also highly expressed in other gonadal and zygotic tissues | Required for late stages of spermatogenesis; required for both male and female fertility |
Higher Rho values indicate a stronger positive correlation between relative molecular evolutionary rate and lineages with shifts to smaller relative testes mass. P.adj is the p-value from RERconverge corrected for multiple tests. Expression patterns are based on the Bgee suite (Bastian et al., 2021). Reproductive functions are based on Uniprot (The UniProt Consortium, 2020) and the Mouse Genome Informatics database (Baldarelli et al., 2024) unless noted otherwise.
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