| . | Participants, No. (%) or Median [IQR] . | |
|---|---|---|
| . | ECHO BMSa (n = 311) . | Reenrolled Cohort (n = 155) . |
| Country | ||
| South Africa | 177 (56.9) | 71 (45.8) |
| Kenya | 134 (43.1) | 84 (54.2) |
| Marital status | ||
| Married | 110 (35.4) | 68 (43.9) |
| Never married | 199 (64.0) | 86 (55.5) |
| Previously married | 2 (0.6) | 1 (0.6) |
| Education | ||
| None | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.6) |
| Any primary | 72 (23.2) | 46 (29.7) |
| Any secondary | 216 (69.5) | 100 (64.5) |
| Postsecondary | 22 (7.1) | 8 (5.2) |
| No income | 255 (82.0) | 123 (79.4) |
| Age at enrollment, y | 23 [20–27] | 23 [20–27] |
| Body mass index >30 | 70 (22.7) | 27 (17.6) |
| Previously pregnant | 269 (86.5) | 132 (85.2) |
| No. of living children | 1 [1–2] | 1 [1–2] |
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae | 22 (7.1) | 8 (5.2) |
| Chlamydia trachomatis | 48 (15.5) | 19 (12.3) |
| Any bacterial sexually transmitted infection | 61 (19.7) | 26 (16.8) |
| Bacterial vaginosis: Nugent | ||
| Positive: 7–10 | 91 (31.3) | 36 (25.7) |
| Intermediate: 4–6 | 41 (14.1) | 20 (14.3) |
| Negative: 0–3 | 159 (54.6) | 84 (60.0) |
| Herpes simplex virus 2 serology | ||
| Positive | 190 (61.5) | 94 (61.0) |
| Negative | 118 (38.2) | 59 (38.3) |
| Equivocal | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.6) |
| Cervical ectopy, % | ||
| None | 144 (46.3) | 60 (38.7) |
| 1–25 | 155 (49.8) | 91 (58.7) |
| 26–50 | 9 (2.9) | 3 (1.9) |
| 51–75 | 3 (1.0) | 1 (0.6) |
| Any condomless sex, past 3 mo | 213 (68.5) | 105 (67.7) |
| Used condom for last sex act | ||
| No | 142 (45.7) | 79 (51.0) |
| Yes | 146 (46.9) | 62 (40.0) |
| No sex in the past 3 mo | 23 (7.4) | 14 (9.0) |
| Past 3 mo | ||
| Sex for money or gifts | 9 (2.9) | 3 (1.9) |
| Sex during a time with vaginal bleeding | 44 (14.1) | 24 (15.5) |
| New sex partners | 17 (5.2) | 9 (5.8) |
| Multiple sex partners | 21 (6.8) | 10 (6.5) |
| . | Participants, No. (%) or Median [IQR] . | |
|---|---|---|
| . | ECHO BMSa (n = 311) . | Reenrolled Cohort (n = 155) . |
| Country | ||
| South Africa | 177 (56.9) | 71 (45.8) |
| Kenya | 134 (43.1) | 84 (54.2) |
| Marital status | ||
| Married | 110 (35.4) | 68 (43.9) |
| Never married | 199 (64.0) | 86 (55.5) |
| Previously married | 2 (0.6) | 1 (0.6) |
| Education | ||
| None | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.6) |
| Any primary | 72 (23.2) | 46 (29.7) |
| Any secondary | 216 (69.5) | 100 (64.5) |
| Postsecondary | 22 (7.1) | 8 (5.2) |
| No income | 255 (82.0) | 123 (79.4) |
| Age at enrollment, y | 23 [20–27] | 23 [20–27] |
| Body mass index >30 | 70 (22.7) | 27 (17.6) |
| Previously pregnant | 269 (86.5) | 132 (85.2) |
| No. of living children | 1 [1–2] | 1 [1–2] |
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae | 22 (7.1) | 8 (5.2) |
| Chlamydia trachomatis | 48 (15.5) | 19 (12.3) |
| Any bacterial sexually transmitted infection | 61 (19.7) | 26 (16.8) |
| Bacterial vaginosis: Nugent | ||
| Positive: 7–10 | 91 (31.3) | 36 (25.7) |
| Intermediate: 4–6 | 41 (14.1) | 20 (14.3) |
| Negative: 0–3 | 159 (54.6) | 84 (60.0) |
| Herpes simplex virus 2 serology | ||
| Positive | 190 (61.5) | 94 (61.0) |
| Negative | 118 (38.2) | 59 (38.3) |
| Equivocal | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.6) |
| Cervical ectopy, % | ||
| None | 144 (46.3) | 60 (38.7) |
| 1–25 | 155 (49.8) | 91 (58.7) |
| 26–50 | 9 (2.9) | 3 (1.9) |
| 51–75 | 3 (1.0) | 1 (0.6) |
| Any condomless sex, past 3 mo | 213 (68.5) | 105 (67.7) |
| Used condom for last sex act | ||
| No | 142 (45.7) | 79 (51.0) |
| Yes | 146 (46.9) | 62 (40.0) |
| No sex in the past 3 mo | 23 (7.4) | 14 (9.0) |
| Past 3 mo | ||
| Sex for money or gifts | 9 (2.9) | 3 (1.9) |
| Sex during a time with vaginal bleeding | 44 (14.1) | 24 (15.5) |
| New sex partners | 17 (5.2) | 9 (5.8) |
| Multiple sex partners | 21 (6.8) | 10 (6.5) |
aParticipants from the ECHO Trial biological mechanisms substudy with available swab at enrollment for human papillomavirus testing.
| . | Participants, No. (%) or Median [IQR] . | |
|---|---|---|
| . | ECHO BMSa (n = 311) . | Reenrolled Cohort (n = 155) . |
| Country | ||
| South Africa | 177 (56.9) | 71 (45.8) |
| Kenya | 134 (43.1) | 84 (54.2) |
| Marital status | ||
| Married | 110 (35.4) | 68 (43.9) |
| Never married | 199 (64.0) | 86 (55.5) |
| Previously married | 2 (0.6) | 1 (0.6) |
| Education | ||
| None | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.6) |
| Any primary | 72 (23.2) | 46 (29.7) |
| Any secondary | 216 (69.5) | 100 (64.5) |
| Postsecondary | 22 (7.1) | 8 (5.2) |
| No income | 255 (82.0) | 123 (79.4) |
| Age at enrollment, y | 23 [20–27] | 23 [20–27] |
| Body mass index >30 | 70 (22.7) | 27 (17.6) |
| Previously pregnant | 269 (86.5) | 132 (85.2) |
| No. of living children | 1 [1–2] | 1 [1–2] |
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae | 22 (7.1) | 8 (5.2) |
| Chlamydia trachomatis | 48 (15.5) | 19 (12.3) |
| Any bacterial sexually transmitted infection | 61 (19.7) | 26 (16.8) |
| Bacterial vaginosis: Nugent | ||
| Positive: 7–10 | 91 (31.3) | 36 (25.7) |
| Intermediate: 4–6 | 41 (14.1) | 20 (14.3) |
| Negative: 0–3 | 159 (54.6) | 84 (60.0) |
| Herpes simplex virus 2 serology | ||
| Positive | 190 (61.5) | 94 (61.0) |
| Negative | 118 (38.2) | 59 (38.3) |
| Equivocal | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.6) |
| Cervical ectopy, % | ||
| None | 144 (46.3) | 60 (38.7) |
| 1–25 | 155 (49.8) | 91 (58.7) |
| 26–50 | 9 (2.9) | 3 (1.9) |
| 51–75 | 3 (1.0) | 1 (0.6) |
| Any condomless sex, past 3 mo | 213 (68.5) | 105 (67.7) |
| Used condom for last sex act | ||
| No | 142 (45.7) | 79 (51.0) |
| Yes | 146 (46.9) | 62 (40.0) |
| No sex in the past 3 mo | 23 (7.4) | 14 (9.0) |
| Past 3 mo | ||
| Sex for money or gifts | 9 (2.9) | 3 (1.9) |
| Sex during a time with vaginal bleeding | 44 (14.1) | 24 (15.5) |
| New sex partners | 17 (5.2) | 9 (5.8) |
| Multiple sex partners | 21 (6.8) | 10 (6.5) |
| . | Participants, No. (%) or Median [IQR] . | |
|---|---|---|
| . | ECHO BMSa (n = 311) . | Reenrolled Cohort (n = 155) . |
| Country | ||
| South Africa | 177 (56.9) | 71 (45.8) |
| Kenya | 134 (43.1) | 84 (54.2) |
| Marital status | ||
| Married | 110 (35.4) | 68 (43.9) |
| Never married | 199 (64.0) | 86 (55.5) |
| Previously married | 2 (0.6) | 1 (0.6) |
| Education | ||
| None | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.6) |
| Any primary | 72 (23.2) | 46 (29.7) |
| Any secondary | 216 (69.5) | 100 (64.5) |
| Postsecondary | 22 (7.1) | 8 (5.2) |
| No income | 255 (82.0) | 123 (79.4) |
| Age at enrollment, y | 23 [20–27] | 23 [20–27] |
| Body mass index >30 | 70 (22.7) | 27 (17.6) |
| Previously pregnant | 269 (86.5) | 132 (85.2) |
| No. of living children | 1 [1–2] | 1 [1–2] |
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae | 22 (7.1) | 8 (5.2) |
| Chlamydia trachomatis | 48 (15.5) | 19 (12.3) |
| Any bacterial sexually transmitted infection | 61 (19.7) | 26 (16.8) |
| Bacterial vaginosis: Nugent | ||
| Positive: 7–10 | 91 (31.3) | 36 (25.7) |
| Intermediate: 4–6 | 41 (14.1) | 20 (14.3) |
| Negative: 0–3 | 159 (54.6) | 84 (60.0) |
| Herpes simplex virus 2 serology | ||
| Positive | 190 (61.5) | 94 (61.0) |
| Negative | 118 (38.2) | 59 (38.3) |
| Equivocal | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.6) |
| Cervical ectopy, % | ||
| None | 144 (46.3) | 60 (38.7) |
| 1–25 | 155 (49.8) | 91 (58.7) |
| 26–50 | 9 (2.9) | 3 (1.9) |
| 51–75 | 3 (1.0) | 1 (0.6) |
| Any condomless sex, past 3 mo | 213 (68.5) | 105 (67.7) |
| Used condom for last sex act | ||
| No | 142 (45.7) | 79 (51.0) |
| Yes | 146 (46.9) | 62 (40.0) |
| No sex in the past 3 mo | 23 (7.4) | 14 (9.0) |
| Past 3 mo | ||
| Sex for money or gifts | 9 (2.9) | 3 (1.9) |
| Sex during a time with vaginal bleeding | 44 (14.1) | 24 (15.5) |
| New sex partners | 17 (5.2) | 9 (5.8) |
| Multiple sex partners | 21 (6.8) | 10 (6.5) |
aParticipants from the ECHO Trial biological mechanisms substudy with available swab at enrollment for human papillomavirus testing.
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