Baseline characteristics of the medical and surgical groups, overall and according to the type of surgery
| Characteristics . | Medical (n = 1217) . | Surgical (n = 551) . | P-value surgical vs. medical . | Standardized difference not weighted . | Standardized difference weighted . | Surgical repair (n = 200) . | Surgical replacement (n = 351) . | P-value repair vs. replacement . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical | ||||||||
| Age, years | 71 ± 13 | 68 ± 11 | <.0001 | .2736 | .0571 | 68 ± 11 | 68 ± 11 | .93 |
| Age ≥ 70 years, no. (%)a | 769 (63) | 283 (51) | <.0001 | 102 (51) | 181 (52) | .90 | ||
| Female sex, no. (%) | 535 (44) | 348 (63) | <.0001 | −.3732 | .0557 | 128 (64) | 220 (63) | .76 |
| Male sex, no. (%) | 682 (56) | 203 (37) | 72 (36) | 131 (37) | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus, no. (%) | 339 (28) | 118 (21) | .0042 | −.1447 | −.1020 | 38 (19) | 80 (23) | .30 |
| Chronic lung disease, no. (%) | 241 (20) | 90 (16) | .083 | −.0893 | .0206 | 26 (13) | 64 (18) | .11 |
| Coronary artery disease, no. (%) | 529 (43) | 132 (24) | <.0001 | −.4129 | .0083 | 44 (22) | 88 (25) | .42 |
| Permanent pacemaker, no./total no. (%) | 319 (26) | 145/544 (27) | .85 | 36/198 (18) | 109/346 (32) | .0007 | ||
| Prior left heart valve intervention, no. (%) | 157 (13) | 257 (47) | <.0001 | .7550 | −.0176 | 74 (37) | 183 (52) | .0006 |
| New York Heart Association functional class III–IV, no. (%)a | 637 (52) | 366 (66) | <.0001 | .2855 | .0502 | 120 (60) | 246 (70) | .016 |
| Right-sided heart failure signs, no. (%)a | 660 (54) | 364 (66) | <.0001 | .2908 | −.0271 | 116 (58) | 248 (71) | .0026 |
| Daily dose of loop diuretics, mg | 40 [32–80] | 60 [40–120] | .0013 | 60 [40–120] | 60 [40–60] | .78 | ||
| Daily dose of loop diuretics ≥ 125 mg, no. (%)a | 145 (12) | 129 (23) | <.0001 | .3047 | .0117 | 47 (24) | 82 (23) | .97 |
| Atrial fibrillation, no./total no. (%) | 685/1204 (57) | 367 (67) | <.0001 | .1546 | .0021 | 139 (70) | 228 (65) | .28 |
| Laboratory | ||||||||
| Haemoglobin, g/dL | 12.1 ± 2.2 | 12.2 ± 1.9 | .33 | −.0537 | .0564 | 12.6 ± 1.9 | 12 ± 2 | .0018 |
| Creatinine, µmol/L | 129 ± 90 | 112 ± 63 | <.0001 | .2009 | .0091 | 107 ± 49 | 115 ± 70 | .14 |
| Glomerular filtration rate, mL/min | 67 ± 39 | 64 ± 29 | .23 | 67 ± 30 | 63 ± 28 | .19 | ||
| Glomerular filtration rate < 30 mL/min, no. (%)a | 148 (12) | 37 (7) | .0005 | −.1863 | .0134 | 13 (7) | 24 (7) | .88 |
| Elevated total bilirubin, no. (%)a | 373 (31) | 169 (31) | .99 | −.0302 | .0746 | 52 (26) | 117 (33) | .073 |
| Echocardiographic | ||||||||
| Left ventricle ejection fraction, % | 43 ± 15 | 57 ± 10 | <.0001 | 58 ± 9 | 57 ± 10 | .45 | ||
| Left ventricle ejection fraction < 60%, no. (%)a | 992 (82) | 265 (48) | <.0001 | −.7340 | .0242 | 90 (45) | 175 (50) | .27 |
| Tricuspid annulus diameter, mm | 43 ± 8 | 47 ± 7 | <.0001 | 45 ± 6 | 48 ± 8 | .008 | ||
| Moderate/severe right ventricular dilatation, no./total no. (%) | 594/1217 (49) | 442 (80) | <.0001 | 150 (75) | 292 (83) | .020 | ||
| Moderate/severe right ventricular dysfunction, no. (%)a | 657 (54) | 173 (31) | <.0001 | −.4498 | .1020 | 56 (28) | 117 (33) | .19 |
| Systolic pulmonary artery pressure, mmHg | 54 ± 19 | 42 ± 11 | <.0001 | 42 ± 12 | 42 ± 10 | .80 | ||
| TRI-SCORE | 5 [3–6] | 4 [3–6] | .13 | 4 [2–6] | 5 [3–6] | .0026 | ||
| ≤3, no. (%) | 408 (34) | 183 (33) | 83 (42) | 100 (28) | ||||
| 4–5, no. (%) | 372 (31) | 185 (34) | 62 (31) | 123 (35) | ||||
| ≥6, no. (%) | 437 (36) | 183 (33) | 55 (28) | 128 (36) |
| Characteristics . | Medical (n = 1217) . | Surgical (n = 551) . | P-value surgical vs. medical . | Standardized difference not weighted . | Standardized difference weighted . | Surgical repair (n = 200) . | Surgical replacement (n = 351) . | P-value repair vs. replacement . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical | ||||||||
| Age, years | 71 ± 13 | 68 ± 11 | <.0001 | .2736 | .0571 | 68 ± 11 | 68 ± 11 | .93 |
| Age ≥ 70 years, no. (%)a | 769 (63) | 283 (51) | <.0001 | 102 (51) | 181 (52) | .90 | ||
| Female sex, no. (%) | 535 (44) | 348 (63) | <.0001 | −.3732 | .0557 | 128 (64) | 220 (63) | .76 |
| Male sex, no. (%) | 682 (56) | 203 (37) | 72 (36) | 131 (37) | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus, no. (%) | 339 (28) | 118 (21) | .0042 | −.1447 | −.1020 | 38 (19) | 80 (23) | .30 |
| Chronic lung disease, no. (%) | 241 (20) | 90 (16) | .083 | −.0893 | .0206 | 26 (13) | 64 (18) | .11 |
| Coronary artery disease, no. (%) | 529 (43) | 132 (24) | <.0001 | −.4129 | .0083 | 44 (22) | 88 (25) | .42 |
| Permanent pacemaker, no./total no. (%) | 319 (26) | 145/544 (27) | .85 | 36/198 (18) | 109/346 (32) | .0007 | ||
| Prior left heart valve intervention, no. (%) | 157 (13) | 257 (47) | <.0001 | .7550 | −.0176 | 74 (37) | 183 (52) | .0006 |
| New York Heart Association functional class III–IV, no. (%)a | 637 (52) | 366 (66) | <.0001 | .2855 | .0502 | 120 (60) | 246 (70) | .016 |
| Right-sided heart failure signs, no. (%)a | 660 (54) | 364 (66) | <.0001 | .2908 | −.0271 | 116 (58) | 248 (71) | .0026 |
| Daily dose of loop diuretics, mg | 40 [32–80] | 60 [40–120] | .0013 | 60 [40–120] | 60 [40–60] | .78 | ||
| Daily dose of loop diuretics ≥ 125 mg, no. (%)a | 145 (12) | 129 (23) | <.0001 | .3047 | .0117 | 47 (24) | 82 (23) | .97 |
| Atrial fibrillation, no./total no. (%) | 685/1204 (57) | 367 (67) | <.0001 | .1546 | .0021 | 139 (70) | 228 (65) | .28 |
| Laboratory | ||||||||
| Haemoglobin, g/dL | 12.1 ± 2.2 | 12.2 ± 1.9 | .33 | −.0537 | .0564 | 12.6 ± 1.9 | 12 ± 2 | .0018 |
| Creatinine, µmol/L | 129 ± 90 | 112 ± 63 | <.0001 | .2009 | .0091 | 107 ± 49 | 115 ± 70 | .14 |
| Glomerular filtration rate, mL/min | 67 ± 39 | 64 ± 29 | .23 | 67 ± 30 | 63 ± 28 | .19 | ||
| Glomerular filtration rate < 30 mL/min, no. (%)a | 148 (12) | 37 (7) | .0005 | −.1863 | .0134 | 13 (7) | 24 (7) | .88 |
| Elevated total bilirubin, no. (%)a | 373 (31) | 169 (31) | .99 | −.0302 | .0746 | 52 (26) | 117 (33) | .073 |
| Echocardiographic | ||||||||
| Left ventricle ejection fraction, % | 43 ± 15 | 57 ± 10 | <.0001 | 58 ± 9 | 57 ± 10 | .45 | ||
| Left ventricle ejection fraction < 60%, no. (%)a | 992 (82) | 265 (48) | <.0001 | −.7340 | .0242 | 90 (45) | 175 (50) | .27 |
| Tricuspid annulus diameter, mm | 43 ± 8 | 47 ± 7 | <.0001 | 45 ± 6 | 48 ± 8 | .008 | ||
| Moderate/severe right ventricular dilatation, no./total no. (%) | 594/1217 (49) | 442 (80) | <.0001 | 150 (75) | 292 (83) | .020 | ||
| Moderate/severe right ventricular dysfunction, no. (%)a | 657 (54) | 173 (31) | <.0001 | −.4498 | .1020 | 56 (28) | 117 (33) | .19 |
| Systolic pulmonary artery pressure, mmHg | 54 ± 19 | 42 ± 11 | <.0001 | 42 ± 12 | 42 ± 10 | .80 | ||
| TRI-SCORE | 5 [3–6] | 4 [3–6] | .13 | 4 [2–6] | 5 [3–6] | .0026 | ||
| ≤3, no. (%) | 408 (34) | 183 (33) | 83 (42) | 100 (28) | ||||
| 4–5, no. (%) | 372 (31) | 185 (34) | 62 (31) | 123 (35) | ||||
| ≥6, no. (%) | 437 (36) | 183 (33) | 55 (28) | 128 (36) |
Values are number of patients (percentage), mean ± standard deviation, or median [inter-quartiles].
aThe eight parameters included in the TRI-SCORE.
Baseline characteristics of the medical and surgical groups, overall and according to the type of surgery
| Characteristics . | Medical (n = 1217) . | Surgical (n = 551) . | P-value surgical vs. medical . | Standardized difference not weighted . | Standardized difference weighted . | Surgical repair (n = 200) . | Surgical replacement (n = 351) . | P-value repair vs. replacement . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical | ||||||||
| Age, years | 71 ± 13 | 68 ± 11 | <.0001 | .2736 | .0571 | 68 ± 11 | 68 ± 11 | .93 |
| Age ≥ 70 years, no. (%)a | 769 (63) | 283 (51) | <.0001 | 102 (51) | 181 (52) | .90 | ||
| Female sex, no. (%) | 535 (44) | 348 (63) | <.0001 | −.3732 | .0557 | 128 (64) | 220 (63) | .76 |
| Male sex, no. (%) | 682 (56) | 203 (37) | 72 (36) | 131 (37) | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus, no. (%) | 339 (28) | 118 (21) | .0042 | −.1447 | −.1020 | 38 (19) | 80 (23) | .30 |
| Chronic lung disease, no. (%) | 241 (20) | 90 (16) | .083 | −.0893 | .0206 | 26 (13) | 64 (18) | .11 |
| Coronary artery disease, no. (%) | 529 (43) | 132 (24) | <.0001 | −.4129 | .0083 | 44 (22) | 88 (25) | .42 |
| Permanent pacemaker, no./total no. (%) | 319 (26) | 145/544 (27) | .85 | 36/198 (18) | 109/346 (32) | .0007 | ||
| Prior left heart valve intervention, no. (%) | 157 (13) | 257 (47) | <.0001 | .7550 | −.0176 | 74 (37) | 183 (52) | .0006 |
| New York Heart Association functional class III–IV, no. (%)a | 637 (52) | 366 (66) | <.0001 | .2855 | .0502 | 120 (60) | 246 (70) | .016 |
| Right-sided heart failure signs, no. (%)a | 660 (54) | 364 (66) | <.0001 | .2908 | −.0271 | 116 (58) | 248 (71) | .0026 |
| Daily dose of loop diuretics, mg | 40 [32–80] | 60 [40–120] | .0013 | 60 [40–120] | 60 [40–60] | .78 | ||
| Daily dose of loop diuretics ≥ 125 mg, no. (%)a | 145 (12) | 129 (23) | <.0001 | .3047 | .0117 | 47 (24) | 82 (23) | .97 |
| Atrial fibrillation, no./total no. (%) | 685/1204 (57) | 367 (67) | <.0001 | .1546 | .0021 | 139 (70) | 228 (65) | .28 |
| Laboratory | ||||||||
| Haemoglobin, g/dL | 12.1 ± 2.2 | 12.2 ± 1.9 | .33 | −.0537 | .0564 | 12.6 ± 1.9 | 12 ± 2 | .0018 |
| Creatinine, µmol/L | 129 ± 90 | 112 ± 63 | <.0001 | .2009 | .0091 | 107 ± 49 | 115 ± 70 | .14 |
| Glomerular filtration rate, mL/min | 67 ± 39 | 64 ± 29 | .23 | 67 ± 30 | 63 ± 28 | .19 | ||
| Glomerular filtration rate < 30 mL/min, no. (%)a | 148 (12) | 37 (7) | .0005 | −.1863 | .0134 | 13 (7) | 24 (7) | .88 |
| Elevated total bilirubin, no. (%)a | 373 (31) | 169 (31) | .99 | −.0302 | .0746 | 52 (26) | 117 (33) | .073 |
| Echocardiographic | ||||||||
| Left ventricle ejection fraction, % | 43 ± 15 | 57 ± 10 | <.0001 | 58 ± 9 | 57 ± 10 | .45 | ||
| Left ventricle ejection fraction < 60%, no. (%)a | 992 (82) | 265 (48) | <.0001 | −.7340 | .0242 | 90 (45) | 175 (50) | .27 |
| Tricuspid annulus diameter, mm | 43 ± 8 | 47 ± 7 | <.0001 | 45 ± 6 | 48 ± 8 | .008 | ||
| Moderate/severe right ventricular dilatation, no./total no. (%) | 594/1217 (49) | 442 (80) | <.0001 | 150 (75) | 292 (83) | .020 | ||
| Moderate/severe right ventricular dysfunction, no. (%)a | 657 (54) | 173 (31) | <.0001 | −.4498 | .1020 | 56 (28) | 117 (33) | .19 |
| Systolic pulmonary artery pressure, mmHg | 54 ± 19 | 42 ± 11 | <.0001 | 42 ± 12 | 42 ± 10 | .80 | ||
| TRI-SCORE | 5 [3–6] | 4 [3–6] | .13 | 4 [2–6] | 5 [3–6] | .0026 | ||
| ≤3, no. (%) | 408 (34) | 183 (33) | 83 (42) | 100 (28) | ||||
| 4–5, no. (%) | 372 (31) | 185 (34) | 62 (31) | 123 (35) | ||||
| ≥6, no. (%) | 437 (36) | 183 (33) | 55 (28) | 128 (36) |
| Characteristics . | Medical (n = 1217) . | Surgical (n = 551) . | P-value surgical vs. medical . | Standardized difference not weighted . | Standardized difference weighted . | Surgical repair (n = 200) . | Surgical replacement (n = 351) . | P-value repair vs. replacement . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical | ||||||||
| Age, years | 71 ± 13 | 68 ± 11 | <.0001 | .2736 | .0571 | 68 ± 11 | 68 ± 11 | .93 |
| Age ≥ 70 years, no. (%)a | 769 (63) | 283 (51) | <.0001 | 102 (51) | 181 (52) | .90 | ||
| Female sex, no. (%) | 535 (44) | 348 (63) | <.0001 | −.3732 | .0557 | 128 (64) | 220 (63) | .76 |
| Male sex, no. (%) | 682 (56) | 203 (37) | 72 (36) | 131 (37) | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus, no. (%) | 339 (28) | 118 (21) | .0042 | −.1447 | −.1020 | 38 (19) | 80 (23) | .30 |
| Chronic lung disease, no. (%) | 241 (20) | 90 (16) | .083 | −.0893 | .0206 | 26 (13) | 64 (18) | .11 |
| Coronary artery disease, no. (%) | 529 (43) | 132 (24) | <.0001 | −.4129 | .0083 | 44 (22) | 88 (25) | .42 |
| Permanent pacemaker, no./total no. (%) | 319 (26) | 145/544 (27) | .85 | 36/198 (18) | 109/346 (32) | .0007 | ||
| Prior left heart valve intervention, no. (%) | 157 (13) | 257 (47) | <.0001 | .7550 | −.0176 | 74 (37) | 183 (52) | .0006 |
| New York Heart Association functional class III–IV, no. (%)a | 637 (52) | 366 (66) | <.0001 | .2855 | .0502 | 120 (60) | 246 (70) | .016 |
| Right-sided heart failure signs, no. (%)a | 660 (54) | 364 (66) | <.0001 | .2908 | −.0271 | 116 (58) | 248 (71) | .0026 |
| Daily dose of loop diuretics, mg | 40 [32–80] | 60 [40–120] | .0013 | 60 [40–120] | 60 [40–60] | .78 | ||
| Daily dose of loop diuretics ≥ 125 mg, no. (%)a | 145 (12) | 129 (23) | <.0001 | .3047 | .0117 | 47 (24) | 82 (23) | .97 |
| Atrial fibrillation, no./total no. (%) | 685/1204 (57) | 367 (67) | <.0001 | .1546 | .0021 | 139 (70) | 228 (65) | .28 |
| Laboratory | ||||||||
| Haemoglobin, g/dL | 12.1 ± 2.2 | 12.2 ± 1.9 | .33 | −.0537 | .0564 | 12.6 ± 1.9 | 12 ± 2 | .0018 |
| Creatinine, µmol/L | 129 ± 90 | 112 ± 63 | <.0001 | .2009 | .0091 | 107 ± 49 | 115 ± 70 | .14 |
| Glomerular filtration rate, mL/min | 67 ± 39 | 64 ± 29 | .23 | 67 ± 30 | 63 ± 28 | .19 | ||
| Glomerular filtration rate < 30 mL/min, no. (%)a | 148 (12) | 37 (7) | .0005 | −.1863 | .0134 | 13 (7) | 24 (7) | .88 |
| Elevated total bilirubin, no. (%)a | 373 (31) | 169 (31) | .99 | −.0302 | .0746 | 52 (26) | 117 (33) | .073 |
| Echocardiographic | ||||||||
| Left ventricle ejection fraction, % | 43 ± 15 | 57 ± 10 | <.0001 | 58 ± 9 | 57 ± 10 | .45 | ||
| Left ventricle ejection fraction < 60%, no. (%)a | 992 (82) | 265 (48) | <.0001 | −.7340 | .0242 | 90 (45) | 175 (50) | .27 |
| Tricuspid annulus diameter, mm | 43 ± 8 | 47 ± 7 | <.0001 | 45 ± 6 | 48 ± 8 | .008 | ||
| Moderate/severe right ventricular dilatation, no./total no. (%) | 594/1217 (49) | 442 (80) | <.0001 | 150 (75) | 292 (83) | .020 | ||
| Moderate/severe right ventricular dysfunction, no. (%)a | 657 (54) | 173 (31) | <.0001 | −.4498 | .1020 | 56 (28) | 117 (33) | .19 |
| Systolic pulmonary artery pressure, mmHg | 54 ± 19 | 42 ± 11 | <.0001 | 42 ± 12 | 42 ± 10 | .80 | ||
| TRI-SCORE | 5 [3–6] | 4 [3–6] | .13 | 4 [2–6] | 5 [3–6] | .0026 | ||
| ≤3, no. (%) | 408 (34) | 183 (33) | 83 (42) | 100 (28) | ||||
| 4–5, no. (%) | 372 (31) | 185 (34) | 62 (31) | 123 (35) | ||||
| ≥6, no. (%) | 437 (36) | 183 (33) | 55 (28) | 128 (36) |
Values are number of patients (percentage), mean ± standard deviation, or median [inter-quartiles].
aThe eight parameters included in the TRI-SCORE.
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