Table 4:
Open in new tab

Model parameters for logTime on the production task. Dictionary is the reference level. Model formula: logTime ~ Tool + (1 + Tool | Item) + (1 | Participant).

Predictors (Reception)logTime Estimates [95% CI]p-level
Intercept (= Dictionary)3.920
[3.737 – 4.102]		< 0.001
ChatGPT-0.405
[-0.593 – -0.216]		< 0.001
Random Effects
σ20.277
τ00 Participant0.124
τ00 Item0.149
τ11 Item.ToolChatGPT0.136
ρ01 Item-0.903
ICC0.435
Observations4431
Marginal R2 / Conditional R20.077 / 0.479
Predictors (Reception)logTime Estimates [95% CI]p-level
Intercept (= Dictionary)3.920
[3.737 – 4.102]		< 0.001
ChatGPT-0.405
[-0.593 – -0.216]		< 0.001
Random Effects
σ20.277
τ00 Participant0.124
τ00 Item0.149
τ11 Item.ToolChatGPT0.136
ρ01 Item-0.903
ICC0.435
Observations4431
Marginal R2 / Conditional R20.077 / 0.479
Table 4:
Open in new tab

Model parameters for logTime on the production task. Dictionary is the reference level. Model formula: logTime ~ Tool + (1 + Tool | Item) + (1 | Participant).

Predictors (Reception)logTime Estimates [95% CI]p-level
Intercept (= Dictionary)3.920
[3.737 – 4.102]		< 0.001
ChatGPT-0.405
[-0.593 – -0.216]		< 0.001
Random Effects
σ20.277
τ00 Participant0.124
τ00 Item0.149
τ11 Item.ToolChatGPT0.136
ρ01 Item-0.903
ICC0.435
Observations4431
Marginal R2 / Conditional R20.077 / 0.479
Predictors (Reception)logTime Estimates [95% CI]p-level
Intercept (= Dictionary)3.920
[3.737 – 4.102]		< 0.001
ChatGPT-0.405
[-0.593 – -0.216]		< 0.001
Random Effects
σ20.277
τ00 Participant0.124
τ00 Item0.149
τ11 Item.ToolChatGPT0.136
ρ01 Item-0.903
ICC0.435
Observations4431
Marginal R2 / Conditional R20.077 / 0.479
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