Table 3:
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Model parameters for logTime on the reception task. Dictionary is the reference level. Model formula: logTime ~ Tool + (1 + Tool | Item) + (1 | Participant).

Predictors (Reception)logTime Estimates [95% CI]p-level
Intercept (= Dictionary)3.070
[2.943 – 3.197]		< 0.001
ChatGPT-0.066
[-0.224 – 0.092]		0.416
Random Effects
σ20.188
τ00 Participant0.271
τ00 Item0.034
τ11 Item.ToolChatGPT0.029
ρ01 Item-0.933
ICC0.607
Observations4448
Marginal R2 / Conditional R20.002 / 0.608
Predictors (Reception)logTime Estimates [95% CI]p-level
Intercept (= Dictionary)3.070
[2.943 – 3.197]		< 0.001
ChatGPT-0.066
[-0.224 – 0.092]		0.416
Random Effects
σ20.188
τ00 Participant0.271
τ00 Item0.034
τ11 Item.ToolChatGPT0.029
ρ01 Item-0.933
ICC0.607
Observations4448
Marginal R2 / Conditional R20.002 / 0.608
Table 3:
Open in new tab

Model parameters for logTime on the reception task. Dictionary is the reference level. Model formula: logTime ~ Tool + (1 + Tool | Item) + (1 | Participant).

Predictors (Reception)logTime Estimates [95% CI]p-level
Intercept (= Dictionary)3.070
[2.943 – 3.197]		< 0.001
ChatGPT-0.066
[-0.224 – 0.092]		0.416
Random Effects
σ20.188
τ00 Participant0.271
τ00 Item0.034
τ11 Item.ToolChatGPT0.029
ρ01 Item-0.933
ICC0.607
Observations4448
Marginal R2 / Conditional R20.002 / 0.608
Predictors (Reception)logTime Estimates [95% CI]p-level
Intercept (= Dictionary)3.070
[2.943 – 3.197]		< 0.001
ChatGPT-0.066
[-0.224 – 0.092]		0.416
Random Effects
σ20.188
τ00 Participant0.271
τ00 Item0.034
τ11 Item.ToolChatGPT0.029
ρ01 Item-0.933
ICC0.607
Observations4448
Marginal R2 / Conditional R20.002 / 0.608
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