| Case . | Peak ESR . | Peak CRP . | Peak WCC . | Imaging . | Bones Involved . | Biopsy Type . | Histology . | Sample Type . | Microbiology . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 53 | 26 | 17 | MRI, CT | Temporal, occipital, clivus | … | … | Blood culture | Staphylococcus aureus |
| 2 | 24 | 2 | 10 | MRI, NM | Temporal, clivus | Endoscopic sphenoidectomy | Acute and chronic inflammation with necrosis in fibrous tissue and bone | Middle ear fluid | Eikenella corrodens |
| 3 | … | 843 | 9 | MRI, CT | Temporal, occipital, clivus | Open biopsy | Nasal lymphoid hyperplasia | Nasal tissue | Streptococcus agalactiae, MSF |
| 4 | … | 29 | 7 | MRI, CT, NM | Temporal, occipital, frontal, clivus | Open biopsy | Acute on chronic inflammation and granulation tissue | Postnasal swab | Staphylococcus aureus |
| 5 | 20 | 2 | 14 | MRI, CT, NM | Temporal, clivus | … | … | Ear swab | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| 6 | 100 | 35 | 12 | MRI | Temporal, clivus | … | … | Ear swab | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| 7 | 34 | 198 | 20 | MRI, CT | Temporal, clivus | … | … | Blood culture, CSF | Streptococcus intermedius |
| 8 | … | 236 | 15 | MRI, CT | Temporal, clivus | … | … | Ear swab | Pseudomonas aeruginosa, MSF |
| 9 | 133 | 174 | 20 | MRI | Clivus | CT guided | Chronic inflammation of postnasal space | Postnasal tissue | Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus |
| 10 | 65 | 48 | 14 | MRI | Temporal, clivus | Endoscopic sphenoidectomy | Mild chronic inflammation | Ear fluid | Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis |
| 11 | 75 | 78 | 10 | MRI | Temporal, occipital | Open biopsy | Bone, connective tissue, and inflammation | Ear tissue | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| 12 | 75 | 67 | 9 | MRI | Temporal, occipital | … | … | Ear swab | Culture negative |
| 13 | 74 | 65 | 11 | MRI, CT | Clivus | … | … | Orbital tissue | Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus |
| 14 | 94 | 176 | 26 | MRI, CT | Occipital, clivus | Open biopsy | Intense diffuse chronic suppurative inflammation | Mastoid tissue | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| 15 | 72 | 11 | 12 | MRI | Occipital, clivus | … | … | Ear swab | Culture negative |
| 16 | 55 | 309 | 15 | MRI, CT | Clivus | … | … | Blood culture | Staphylococcus aureus |
| 17 | … | 248 | 16 | MRI, CT | Occipital, clivus | Endoscopic sphenoidectomy | Chronic inflammation with osteonecrosis | Ear swab | Streptococcus pneumoniae |
| 18 | 43 | 10 | 9 | MRI, CT | Clivus | Endoscopic sphenoidectomy | Mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate with osteonecrosis, septate fungal hyphae seen | Sinus tissue | Pseudomonas aeruginosa, MSF |
| 19 | … | 109 | 8 | MRI, CT | Temporal, occipital, clivus | Open biopsy | Normal-appearing mucosa | Postnasal tissue | Pseudomonas aeruginosa, MSF |
| 20 | 106 | 98 | 21 | MRI, CT | Occipital | Open biopsy | Mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate | Postnasal tissue | Chryseobacterium indologenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| 21 | 32 | 14 | 6 | MRI, CT | Clivus | … | … | … | … |
| 22 | 121 | 17 | 9 | MRI, CT, NM | Temporal, clivus | CT guided | Chronic inflammation | Mandibular tissue | Aspergillus flavus |
| Case . | Peak ESR . | Peak CRP . | Peak WCC . | Imaging . | Bones Involved . | Biopsy Type . | Histology . | Sample Type . | Microbiology . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 53 | 26 | 17 | MRI, CT | Temporal, occipital, clivus | … | … | Blood culture | Staphylococcus aureus |
| 2 | 24 | 2 | 10 | MRI, NM | Temporal, clivus | Endoscopic sphenoidectomy | Acute and chronic inflammation with necrosis in fibrous tissue and bone | Middle ear fluid | Eikenella corrodens |
| 3 | … | 843 | 9 | MRI, CT | Temporal, occipital, clivus | Open biopsy | Nasal lymphoid hyperplasia | Nasal tissue | Streptococcus agalactiae, MSF |
| 4 | … | 29 | 7 | MRI, CT, NM | Temporal, occipital, frontal, clivus | Open biopsy | Acute on chronic inflammation and granulation tissue | Postnasal swab | Staphylococcus aureus |
| 5 | 20 | 2 | 14 | MRI, CT, NM | Temporal, clivus | … | … | Ear swab | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| 6 | 100 | 35 | 12 | MRI | Temporal, clivus | … | … | Ear swab | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| 7 | 34 | 198 | 20 | MRI, CT | Temporal, clivus | … | … | Blood culture, CSF | Streptococcus intermedius |
| 8 | … | 236 | 15 | MRI, CT | Temporal, clivus | … | … | Ear swab | Pseudomonas aeruginosa, MSF |
| 9 | 133 | 174 | 20 | MRI | Clivus | CT guided | Chronic inflammation of postnasal space | Postnasal tissue | Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus |
| 10 | 65 | 48 | 14 | MRI | Temporal, clivus | Endoscopic sphenoidectomy | Mild chronic inflammation | Ear fluid | Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis |
| 11 | 75 | 78 | 10 | MRI | Temporal, occipital | Open biopsy | Bone, connective tissue, and inflammation | Ear tissue | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| 12 | 75 | 67 | 9 | MRI | Temporal, occipital | … | … | Ear swab | Culture negative |
| 13 | 74 | 65 | 11 | MRI, CT | Clivus | … | … | Orbital tissue | Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus |
| 14 | 94 | 176 | 26 | MRI, CT | Occipital, clivus | Open biopsy | Intense diffuse chronic suppurative inflammation | Mastoid tissue | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| 15 | 72 | 11 | 12 | MRI | Occipital, clivus | … | … | Ear swab | Culture negative |
| 16 | 55 | 309 | 15 | MRI, CT | Clivus | … | … | Blood culture | Staphylococcus aureus |
| 17 | … | 248 | 16 | MRI, CT | Occipital, clivus | Endoscopic sphenoidectomy | Chronic inflammation with osteonecrosis | Ear swab | Streptococcus pneumoniae |
| 18 | 43 | 10 | 9 | MRI, CT | Clivus | Endoscopic sphenoidectomy | Mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate with osteonecrosis, septate fungal hyphae seen | Sinus tissue | Pseudomonas aeruginosa, MSF |
| 19 | … | 109 | 8 | MRI, CT | Temporal, occipital, clivus | Open biopsy | Normal-appearing mucosa | Postnasal tissue | Pseudomonas aeruginosa, MSF |
| 20 | 106 | 98 | 21 | MRI, CT | Occipital | Open biopsy | Mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate | Postnasal tissue | Chryseobacterium indologenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| 21 | 32 | 14 | 6 | MRI, CT | Clivus | … | … | … | … |
| 22 | 121 | 17 | 9 | MRI, CT, NM | Temporal, clivus | CT guided | Chronic inflammation | Mandibular tissue | Aspergillus flavus |
Abbreviations: CRP, C-reactive protein (mg/L); CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; CT, computed tomography; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (mm/hour); MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; MSF, mixed skin flora; NM, nuclear medicine; WCC, white cell count (× 109/L).
| Case . | Peak ESR . | Peak CRP . | Peak WCC . | Imaging . | Bones Involved . | Biopsy Type . | Histology . | Sample Type . | Microbiology . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 53 | 26 | 17 | MRI, CT | Temporal, occipital, clivus | … | … | Blood culture | Staphylococcus aureus |
| 2 | 24 | 2 | 10 | MRI, NM | Temporal, clivus | Endoscopic sphenoidectomy | Acute and chronic inflammation with necrosis in fibrous tissue and bone | Middle ear fluid | Eikenella corrodens |
| 3 | … | 843 | 9 | MRI, CT | Temporal, occipital, clivus | Open biopsy | Nasal lymphoid hyperplasia | Nasal tissue | Streptococcus agalactiae, MSF |
| 4 | … | 29 | 7 | MRI, CT, NM | Temporal, occipital, frontal, clivus | Open biopsy | Acute on chronic inflammation and granulation tissue | Postnasal swab | Staphylococcus aureus |
| 5 | 20 | 2 | 14 | MRI, CT, NM | Temporal, clivus | … | … | Ear swab | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| 6 | 100 | 35 | 12 | MRI | Temporal, clivus | … | … | Ear swab | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| 7 | 34 | 198 | 20 | MRI, CT | Temporal, clivus | … | … | Blood culture, CSF | Streptococcus intermedius |
| 8 | … | 236 | 15 | MRI, CT | Temporal, clivus | … | … | Ear swab | Pseudomonas aeruginosa, MSF |
| 9 | 133 | 174 | 20 | MRI | Clivus | CT guided | Chronic inflammation of postnasal space | Postnasal tissue | Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus |
| 10 | 65 | 48 | 14 | MRI | Temporal, clivus | Endoscopic sphenoidectomy | Mild chronic inflammation | Ear fluid | Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis |
| 11 | 75 | 78 | 10 | MRI | Temporal, occipital | Open biopsy | Bone, connective tissue, and inflammation | Ear tissue | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| 12 | 75 | 67 | 9 | MRI | Temporal, occipital | … | … | Ear swab | Culture negative |
| 13 | 74 | 65 | 11 | MRI, CT | Clivus | … | … | Orbital tissue | Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus |
| 14 | 94 | 176 | 26 | MRI, CT | Occipital, clivus | Open biopsy | Intense diffuse chronic suppurative inflammation | Mastoid tissue | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| 15 | 72 | 11 | 12 | MRI | Occipital, clivus | … | … | Ear swab | Culture negative |
| 16 | 55 | 309 | 15 | MRI, CT | Clivus | … | … | Blood culture | Staphylococcus aureus |
| 17 | … | 248 | 16 | MRI, CT | Occipital, clivus | Endoscopic sphenoidectomy | Chronic inflammation with osteonecrosis | Ear swab | Streptococcus pneumoniae |
| 18 | 43 | 10 | 9 | MRI, CT | Clivus | Endoscopic sphenoidectomy | Mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate with osteonecrosis, septate fungal hyphae seen | Sinus tissue | Pseudomonas aeruginosa, MSF |
| 19 | … | 109 | 8 | MRI, CT | Temporal, occipital, clivus | Open biopsy | Normal-appearing mucosa | Postnasal tissue | Pseudomonas aeruginosa, MSF |
| 20 | 106 | 98 | 21 | MRI, CT | Occipital | Open biopsy | Mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate | Postnasal tissue | Chryseobacterium indologenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| 21 | 32 | 14 | 6 | MRI, CT | Clivus | … | … | … | … |
| 22 | 121 | 17 | 9 | MRI, CT, NM | Temporal, clivus | CT guided | Chronic inflammation | Mandibular tissue | Aspergillus flavus |
| Case . | Peak ESR . | Peak CRP . | Peak WCC . | Imaging . | Bones Involved . | Biopsy Type . | Histology . | Sample Type . | Microbiology . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 53 | 26 | 17 | MRI, CT | Temporal, occipital, clivus | … | … | Blood culture | Staphylococcus aureus |
| 2 | 24 | 2 | 10 | MRI, NM | Temporal, clivus | Endoscopic sphenoidectomy | Acute and chronic inflammation with necrosis in fibrous tissue and bone | Middle ear fluid | Eikenella corrodens |
| 3 | … | 843 | 9 | MRI, CT | Temporal, occipital, clivus | Open biopsy | Nasal lymphoid hyperplasia | Nasal tissue | Streptococcus agalactiae, MSF |
| 4 | … | 29 | 7 | MRI, CT, NM | Temporal, occipital, frontal, clivus | Open biopsy | Acute on chronic inflammation and granulation tissue | Postnasal swab | Staphylococcus aureus |
| 5 | 20 | 2 | 14 | MRI, CT, NM | Temporal, clivus | … | … | Ear swab | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| 6 | 100 | 35 | 12 | MRI | Temporal, clivus | … | … | Ear swab | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| 7 | 34 | 198 | 20 | MRI, CT | Temporal, clivus | … | … | Blood culture, CSF | Streptococcus intermedius |
| 8 | … | 236 | 15 | MRI, CT | Temporal, clivus | … | … | Ear swab | Pseudomonas aeruginosa, MSF |
| 9 | 133 | 174 | 20 | MRI | Clivus | CT guided | Chronic inflammation of postnasal space | Postnasal tissue | Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus |
| 10 | 65 | 48 | 14 | MRI | Temporal, clivus | Endoscopic sphenoidectomy | Mild chronic inflammation | Ear fluid | Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis |
| 11 | 75 | 78 | 10 | MRI | Temporal, occipital | Open biopsy | Bone, connective tissue, and inflammation | Ear tissue | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| 12 | 75 | 67 | 9 | MRI | Temporal, occipital | … | … | Ear swab | Culture negative |
| 13 | 74 | 65 | 11 | MRI, CT | Clivus | … | … | Orbital tissue | Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus |
| 14 | 94 | 176 | 26 | MRI, CT | Occipital, clivus | Open biopsy | Intense diffuse chronic suppurative inflammation | Mastoid tissue | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| 15 | 72 | 11 | 12 | MRI | Occipital, clivus | … | … | Ear swab | Culture negative |
| 16 | 55 | 309 | 15 | MRI, CT | Clivus | … | … | Blood culture | Staphylococcus aureus |
| 17 | … | 248 | 16 | MRI, CT | Occipital, clivus | Endoscopic sphenoidectomy | Chronic inflammation with osteonecrosis | Ear swab | Streptococcus pneumoniae |
| 18 | 43 | 10 | 9 | MRI, CT | Clivus | Endoscopic sphenoidectomy | Mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate with osteonecrosis, septate fungal hyphae seen | Sinus tissue | Pseudomonas aeruginosa, MSF |
| 19 | … | 109 | 8 | MRI, CT | Temporal, occipital, clivus | Open biopsy | Normal-appearing mucosa | Postnasal tissue | Pseudomonas aeruginosa, MSF |
| 20 | 106 | 98 | 21 | MRI, CT | Occipital | Open biopsy | Mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate | Postnasal tissue | Chryseobacterium indologenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| 21 | 32 | 14 | 6 | MRI, CT | Clivus | … | … | … | … |
| 22 | 121 | 17 | 9 | MRI, CT, NM | Temporal, clivus | CT guided | Chronic inflammation | Mandibular tissue | Aspergillus flavus |
Abbreviations: CRP, C-reactive protein (mg/L); CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; CT, computed tomography; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (mm/hour); MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; MSF, mixed skin flora; NM, nuclear medicine; WCC, white cell count (× 109/L).
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