Table 1: Open in new tab Variable:...

	1995–99	2000–04	2005–09	2010–14
Primary kidney disease					<.001
Glomerular disease	962 (50%)	1092 (47%)	1355 (45%)	1500 (42%)
Diabetes	247 (13%)	346 (15%)	408 (13%)	625 (17%)
ADPKD	236 (12%)	297 (13%)	496 (16%)	537 (15%)
Reflux nephropathy	193 (10%)	181 (7.8%)	257 (8.5%)	213 (5.9%)
Hypertension	62 (3.2%)	79 (3.4%)	136 (4.5%)	228 (6.3%)
Other	239 (12%)	317 (14%)	371 (12%)	494 (14%)
Recipient gender					.034
Female	756 (39%)	898 (39%)	1124 (37%)	1315 (37%)
Male	1183 (61%)	1414 (61%)	1899 (63%)	2282 (63%)
Recipient ethnicity					<.001
White	1590 (82%)	1899 (82%)	2483 (82%)	2766 (77%)
Asian	152 (7.8%)	183 (7.9%)	294 (9.7%)	416 (12%)
Maori	109 (5.6%)	128 (5.5%)	122 (4.0%)	227 (6.3%)
ATSI	75 (3.9%)	84 (3.6%)	99 (3.3%)	113 (3.1%)
Other	13 (0.7%)	18 (0.8%)	25 (0.8%)	75 (2.1%)
Recipient age, years, median (IQR)	46 (19)	48 (20)	49 (20)	52 (19)	<.001
Recipient age, group, years					<.001
18–44	900 (46%)	954 (41%)	1160 (38%)	1186 (33%)
45–54	530 (27%)	667 (29%)	812 (27%)	888 (25%)
45–64	420 (22%)	525 (23%)	792 (26%)	1041 (29%)
65+	89 (4.6%)	166 (7.2%)	259 (8.6%)	482 (13%)
Smoking status					<.001
Current	256 (13%)	292 (13%)	337 (11%)	367 (10%)
Former	620 (32%)	751 (32%)	967 (32%)	1296 (36%)
Never	1063 (55%)	1267 (55%)	1718 (57%)	1925 (54%)
Diabetes	299 (15%)	421 (18%)	543 (18%)	837 (23%)	<.001
Coronary artery disease	188 (9.7%)	331 (14%)	496 (16%)	699 (19%)	<.001
Peripheral vascular disease	129 (6.7%)	211 (9.1%)	259 (8.6%)	390 (11%)	<.001
Dialysis vintage, years, median (IQR)	1.80 (2.44)	2.18 (3.00)	2.00 (3.49)	2.19 (3.69)	<.001
Dialysis vintage, years					<.001
Pre-emptive	85 (4.4%)	183 (7.9%)	430 (14%)	399 (11%)
<1	187 (9.6%)	171 (7.4%)	216 (7.1%)	278 (7.7%)
1–3	974 (50%)	954 (41%)	1087 (36%)	1259 (35%)
3+	693 (36%)	1004 (43%)	1290 (43%)	1661 (46%)
Recipient BMI, kg/m²					<.001
<25	1012 (52%)	1062 (46%)	1331 (44%)	1404 (39%)
25–29.9	642 (33%)	818 (35%)	1081 (36%)	1270 (35%)
30+	285 (15%)	432 (19%)	611 (20%)	923 (26%)
HLA mismatches					<.001
0–1	376 (19%)	350 (15%)	396 (13%)	409 (11%)
2–4	1216 (63%)	1322 (57%)	1697 (56%)	1909 (53%)
5–6	347 (18%)	640 (28%)	930 (31%)	1279 (36%)
Total ischaemia time, hours, median (IQR)	14 (9)	12 (12)	8 (10)	9 (9)	<.001
Total ischaemia time, hours					<.001
<12	654 (34%)	1072 (46%)	1933 (64%)	2382 (66%)
12–18	763 (39%)	832 (36%)	811 (27%)	960 (27%)
18+	522 (27%)	408 (18%)	279 (9.2%)	255 (7.1%)
Donor gender					<.001
Female	857 (44%)	1003 (43%)	1510 (50%)	1790 (50%)
Male	1082 (56%)	1309 (57%)	1513 (50%)	1807 (50%)
Donor age, years, median (IQR)	42 (27)	45 (25)	48 (21)	49 (22)	<.001
Donor age group, years					<0.001
<18	209 (11%)	188 (8.1%)	165 (5.5%)	161 (4.5%)
18–44	875 (45%)	922 (40%)	1086 (36%)	1270 (35%)
45–54	425 (22%)	622 (27%)	810 (27%)	904 (25%)
55–64	316 (16%)	430 (19%)	704 (23%)	843 (23%)
65+	114 (5.9%)	150 (6.5%)	258 (8.5%)	419 (12%)
Donor type					<.001
Deceased	1577 (81%)	1689 (73%)	1725 (57%)	2513 (70%)
Living	362 (19%)	623 (27%)	1298 (43%)	1084 (30%)
Acute rejection
Total number of acute rejection episodes	699	1207	1300	1443	N/A
Participants with ≥1 acute rejection episode	463 (24%)	818 (35%)	888 (29%)	1045 (29%)	<.001
Anti-thymocyte globulin	94 (4.8%)	129 (5.6%)	104 (3.4%)	151 (4.2%)	.001
Steroids					<.001
Steroid	1772 (91%)	2224 (96%)	2973 (98%)	3547 (99%)
None	167 (8.6%)	88 (3.8%)	50 (1.7%)	51 (1.4%)
Mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibitor					<.001
Everolimus	12 (0.6%)	34 (1.5%)	70 (2.3%)	19 (0.5%)
Sirolimus	173 (8.9%)	88 (3.8%)	32 (1.1%)	3 (<0.1%)
Neither	1754 (90%)	2190 (95%)	2921 (97%)	3575 (99%)
Calcineurin inhibitor					<.001
Ciclosporin	1811 (93%)	1698 (73%)	1300 (43%)	582 (16%)
Tacrolimus	66 (3.4%)	552 (24%)	1611 (53%)	2933 (82%)
Neither	62 (3.2%)	62 (2.7%)	112 (3.7%)	82 (2.3%)
Anti-metabolite					<.001
Azathioprine	994 (51%)	78 (3.4%)	25 (0.8%)	12 (0.3%)
Mycophenolate	704 (36%)	2048 (89%)	2905 (96%)	3503 (97%)
Neither	241 (12%)	186 (8.0%)	93 (3.1%)	82 (2.3%)

1995–99

2000–04

2005–09

2010–14

Characteristics

n = 1939

n = 2312

n = 3023

n = 3597

P value

Primary kidney disease

<.001

Glomerular disease

962 (50%)

1092 (47%)

1355 (45%)

1500 (42%)

Diabetes

247 (13%)

346 (15%)

408 (13%)

625 (17%)

ADPKD

236 (12%)

297 (13%)

496 (16%)

537 (15%)

Reflux nephropathy

193 (10%)

181 (7.8%)

257 (8.5%)

213 (5.9%)

Hypertension

62 (3.2%)

79 (3.4%)

136 (4.5%)

228 (6.3%)

Other

239 (12%)

317 (14%)

371 (12%)

494 (14%)

Recipient gender

.034

Female

756 (39%)

898 (39%)

1124 (37%)

1315 (37%)

Male

1183 (61%)

1414 (61%)

1899 (63%)

2282 (63%)

Recipient ethnicity

<.001

White

1590 (82%)

1899 (82%)

2483 (82%)

2766 (77%)

Asian

152 (7.8%)

183 (7.9%)

294 (9.7%)

416 (12%)

Maori

109 (5.6%)

128 (5.5%)

122 (4.0%)

227 (6.3%)

ATSI

75 (3.9%)

84 (3.6%)

99 (3.3%)

113 (3.1%)

Other

13 (0.7%)

18 (0.8%)

25 (0.8%)

75 (2.1%)

Recipient age, years, median (IQR)

46 (19)

48 (20)

49 (20)

52 (19)

<.001

Recipient age, group, years

<.001

18–44

900 (46%)

954 (41%)

1160 (38%)

1186 (33%)

45–54

530 (27%)

667 (29%)

812 (27%)

888 (25%)

45–64

420 (22%)

525 (23%)

792 (26%)

1041 (29%)

65+

89 (4.6%)

166 (7.2%)

259 (8.6%)

482 (13%)

Smoking status

<.001

Current

256 (13%)

292 (13%)

337 (11%)

367 (10%)

Former

620 (32%)

751 (32%)

967 (32%)

1296 (36%)

Never

1063 (55%)

1267 (55%)

1718 (57%)

1925 (54%)

Diabetes

299 (15%)

421 (18%)

543 (18%)

837 (23%)

<.001

Coronary artery disease

188 (9.7%)

331 (14%)

496 (16%)

699 (19%)

<.001

Peripheral vascular disease

129 (6.7%)

211 (9.1%)

259 (8.6%)

390 (11%)

<.001

Dialysis vintage, years, median (IQR)

1.80 (2.44)

2.18 (3.00)

2.00 (3.49)

2.19 (3.69)

<.001

Dialysis vintage, years

<.001

Pre-emptive

85 (4.4%)

183 (7.9%)

430 (14%)

399 (11%)

187 (9.6%)

171 (7.4%)

216 (7.1%)

278 (7.7%)

1–3

974 (50%)

954 (41%)

1087 (36%)

1259 (35%)

693 (36%)

1004 (43%)

1290 (43%)

1661 (46%)

Recipient BMI, kg/m²

<.001

<25

1012 (52%)

1062 (46%)

1331 (44%)

1404 (39%)

25–29.9

642 (33%)

818 (35%)

1081 (36%)

1270 (35%)

30+

285 (15%)

432 (19%)

611 (20%)

923 (26%)

HLA mismatches

<.001

0–1

376 (19%)

350 (15%)

396 (13%)

409 (11%)

2–4

1216 (63%)

1322 (57%)

1697 (56%)

1909 (53%)

5–6

347 (18%)

640 (28%)

930 (31%)

1279 (36%)

Total ischaemia time, hours, median (IQR)

14 (9)

12 (12)

8 (10)

9 (9)

<.001

Total ischaemia time, hours

<.001

<12

654 (34%)

1072 (46%)

1933 (64%)

2382 (66%)

12–18

763 (39%)

832 (36%)

811 (27%)

960 (27%)

18+

522 (27%)

408 (18%)

279 (9.2%)

255 (7.1%)

Donor gender

<.001

Female

857 (44%)

1003 (43%)

1510 (50%)

1790 (50%)

Male

1082 (56%)

1309 (57%)

1513 (50%)

1807 (50%)

Donor age, years, median (IQR)

42 (27)

45 (25)

48 (21)

49 (22)

<.001

Donor age group, years

<0.001

<18

209 (11%)

188 (8.1%)

165 (5.5%)

161 (4.5%)

18–44

875 (45%)

922 (40%)

1086 (36%)

1270 (35%)

45–54

425 (22%)

622 (27%)

810 (27%)

904 (25%)

55–64

316 (16%)

430 (19%)

704 (23%)

843 (23%)

65+

114 (5.9%)

150 (6.5%)

258 (8.5%)

419 (12%)

Donor type

<.001

Deceased

1577 (81%)

1689 (73%)

1725 (57%)

2513 (70%)

Living

362 (19%)

623 (27%)

1298 (43%)

1084 (30%)

Acute rejection

Total number of acute rejection episodes

699

1207

1300

1443

N/A

Participants with ≥1 acute rejection episode

463 (24%)

818 (35%)

888 (29%)

1045 (29%)

<.001

Anti-thymocyte globulin

94 (4.8%)

129 (5.6%)

104 (3.4%)

151 (4.2%)

.001

Steroids

<.001

Steroid

1772 (91%)

2224 (96%)

2973 (98%)

3547 (99%)

None

167 (8.6%)

88 (3.8%)

50 (1.7%)

51 (1.4%)

Mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibitor

<.001

Everolimus

12 (0.6%)

34 (1.5%)

70 (2.3%)

19 (0.5%)

Sirolimus

173 (8.9%)

88 (3.8%)

32 (1.1%)

3 (<0.1%)

Neither

1754 (90%)

2190 (95%)

2921 (97%)

3575 (99%)

Calcineurin inhibitor

<.001

Ciclosporin

1811 (93%)

1698 (73%)

1300 (43%)

582 (16%)

Tacrolimus

66 (3.4%)

552 (24%)

1611 (53%)

2933 (82%)

Neither

62 (3.2%)

62 (2.7%)

112 (3.7%)

82 (2.3%)

Anti-metabolite

<.001

Azathioprine

994 (51%)

78 (3.4%)

25 (0.8%)

12 (0.3%)

Mycophenolate

704 (36%)

2048 (89%)

2905 (96%)

3503 (97%)

Neither

241 (12%)

186 (8.0%)

93 (3.1%)

82 (2.3%)

	1995–99	2000–04	2005–09	2010–14
Primary kidney disease					<.001
Glomerular disease	962 (50%)	1092 (47%)	1355 (45%)	1500 (42%)
Diabetes	247 (13%)	346 (15%)	408 (13%)	625 (17%)
ADPKD	236 (12%)	297 (13%)	496 (16%)	537 (15%)
Reflux nephropathy	193 (10%)	181 (7.8%)	257 (8.5%)	213 (5.9%)
Hypertension	62 (3.2%)	79 (3.4%)	136 (4.5%)	228 (6.3%)
Other	239 (12%)	317 (14%)	371 (12%)	494 (14%)
Recipient gender					.034
Female	756 (39%)	898 (39%)	1124 (37%)	1315 (37%)
Male	1183 (61%)	1414 (61%)	1899 (63%)	2282 (63%)
Recipient ethnicity					<.001
White	1590 (82%)	1899 (82%)	2483 (82%)	2766 (77%)
Asian	152 (7.8%)	183 (7.9%)	294 (9.7%)	416 (12%)
Maori	109 (5.6%)	128 (5.5%)	122 (4.0%)	227 (6.3%)
ATSI	75 (3.9%)	84 (3.6%)	99 (3.3%)	113 (3.1%)
Other	13 (0.7%)	18 (0.8%)	25 (0.8%)	75 (2.1%)
Recipient age, years, median (IQR)	46 (19)	48 (20)	49 (20)	52 (19)	<.001
Recipient age, group, years					<.001
18–44	900 (46%)	954 (41%)	1160 (38%)	1186 (33%)
45–54	530 (27%)	667 (29%)	812 (27%)	888 (25%)
45–64	420 (22%)	525 (23%)	792 (26%)	1041 (29%)
65+	89 (4.6%)	166 (7.2%)	259 (8.6%)	482 (13%)
Smoking status					<.001
Current	256 (13%)	292 (13%)	337 (11%)	367 (10%)
Former	620 (32%)	751 (32%)	967 (32%)	1296 (36%)
Never	1063 (55%)	1267 (55%)	1718 (57%)	1925 (54%)
Diabetes	299 (15%)	421 (18%)	543 (18%)	837 (23%)	<.001
Coronary artery disease	188 (9.7%)	331 (14%)	496 (16%)	699 (19%)	<.001
Peripheral vascular disease	129 (6.7%)	211 (9.1%)	259 (8.6%)	390 (11%)	<.001
Dialysis vintage, years, median (IQR)	1.80 (2.44)	2.18 (3.00)	2.00 (3.49)	2.19 (3.69)	<.001
Dialysis vintage, years					<.001
Pre-emptive	85 (4.4%)	183 (7.9%)	430 (14%)	399 (11%)
<1	187 (9.6%)	171 (7.4%)	216 (7.1%)	278 (7.7%)
1–3	974 (50%)	954 (41%)	1087 (36%)	1259 (35%)
3+	693 (36%)	1004 (43%)	1290 (43%)	1661 (46%)
Recipient BMI, kg/m²					<.001
<25	1012 (52%)	1062 (46%)	1331 (44%)	1404 (39%)
25–29.9	642 (33%)	818 (35%)	1081 (36%)	1270 (35%)
30+	285 (15%)	432 (19%)	611 (20%)	923 (26%)
HLA mismatches					<.001
0–1	376 (19%)	350 (15%)	396 (13%)	409 (11%)
2–4	1216 (63%)	1322 (57%)	1697 (56%)	1909 (53%)
5–6	347 (18%)	640 (28%)	930 (31%)	1279 (36%)
Total ischaemia time, hours, median (IQR)	14 (9)	12 (12)	8 (10)	9 (9)	<.001
Total ischaemia time, hours					<.001
<12	654 (34%)	1072 (46%)	1933 (64%)	2382 (66%)
12–18	763 (39%)	832 (36%)	811 (27%)	960 (27%)
18+	522 (27%)	408 (18%)	279 (9.2%)	255 (7.1%)
Donor gender					<.001
Female	857 (44%)	1003 (43%)	1510 (50%)	1790 (50%)
Male	1082 (56%)	1309 (57%)	1513 (50%)	1807 (50%)
Donor age, years, median (IQR)	42 (27)	45 (25)	48 (21)	49 (22)	<.001
Donor age group, years					<0.001
<18	209 (11%)	188 (8.1%)	165 (5.5%)	161 (4.5%)
18–44	875 (45%)	922 (40%)	1086 (36%)	1270 (35%)
45–54	425 (22%)	622 (27%)	810 (27%)	904 (25%)
55–64	316 (16%)	430 (19%)	704 (23%)	843 (23%)
65+	114 (5.9%)	150 (6.5%)	258 (8.5%)	419 (12%)
Donor type					<.001
Deceased	1577 (81%)	1689 (73%)	1725 (57%)	2513 (70%)
Living	362 (19%)	623 (27%)	1298 (43%)	1084 (30%)
Acute rejection
Total number of acute rejection episodes	699	1207	1300	1443	N/A
Participants with ≥1 acute rejection episode	463 (24%)	818 (35%)	888 (29%)	1045 (29%)	<.001
Anti-thymocyte globulin	94 (4.8%)	129 (5.6%)	104 (3.4%)	151 (4.2%)	.001
Steroids					<.001
Steroid	1772 (91%)	2224 (96%)	2973 (98%)	3547 (99%)
None	167 (8.6%)	88 (3.8%)	50 (1.7%)	51 (1.4%)
Mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibitor					<.001
Everolimus	12 (0.6%)	34 (1.5%)	70 (2.3%)	19 (0.5%)
Sirolimus	173 (8.9%)	88 (3.8%)	32 (1.1%)	3 (<0.1%)
Neither	1754 (90%)	2190 (95%)	2921 (97%)	3575 (99%)
Calcineurin inhibitor					<.001
Ciclosporin	1811 (93%)	1698 (73%)	1300 (43%)	582 (16%)
Tacrolimus	66 (3.4%)	552 (24%)	1611 (53%)	2933 (82%)
Neither	62 (3.2%)	62 (2.7%)	112 (3.7%)	82 (2.3%)
Anti-metabolite					<.001
Azathioprine	994 (51%)	78 (3.4%)	25 (0.8%)	12 (0.3%)
Mycophenolate	704 (36%)	2048 (89%)	2905 (96%)	3503 (97%)
Neither	241 (12%)	186 (8.0%)	93 (3.1%)	82 (2.3%)

1995–99

2000–04

2005–09

2010–14

Characteristics

n = 1939

n = 2312

n = 3023

n = 3597

P value

Primary kidney disease

<.001

Glomerular disease

962 (50%)

1092 (47%)

1355 (45%)

1500 (42%)

Diabetes

247 (13%)

346 (15%)

408 (13%)

625 (17%)

ADPKD

236 (12%)

297 (13%)

496 (16%)

537 (15%)

Reflux nephropathy

193 (10%)

181 (7.8%)

257 (8.5%)

213 (5.9%)

Hypertension

62 (3.2%)

79 (3.4%)

136 (4.5%)

228 (6.3%)

Other

239 (12%)

317 (14%)

371 (12%)

494 (14%)

Recipient gender

.034

Female

756 (39%)

898 (39%)

1124 (37%)

1315 (37%)

Male

1183 (61%)

1414 (61%)

1899 (63%)

2282 (63%)

Recipient ethnicity

<.001

White

1590 (82%)

1899 (82%)

2483 (82%)

2766 (77%)

Asian

152 (7.8%)

183 (7.9%)

294 (9.7%)

416 (12%)

Maori

109 (5.6%)

128 (5.5%)

122 (4.0%)

227 (6.3%)

ATSI

75 (3.9%)

84 (3.6%)

99 (3.3%)

113 (3.1%)

Other

13 (0.7%)

18 (0.8%)

25 (0.8%)

75 (2.1%)

Recipient age, years, median (IQR)

46 (19)

48 (20)

49 (20)

52 (19)

<.001

Recipient age, group, years

<.001

18–44

900 (46%)

954 (41%)

1160 (38%)

1186 (33%)

45–54

530 (27%)

667 (29%)

812 (27%)

888 (25%)

45–64

420 (22%)

525 (23%)

792 (26%)

1041 (29%)

65+

89 (4.6%)

166 (7.2%)

259 (8.6%)

482 (13%)

Smoking status

<.001

Current

256 (13%)

292 (13%)

337 (11%)

367 (10%)

Former

620 (32%)

751 (32%)

967 (32%)

1296 (36%)

Never

1063 (55%)

1267 (55%)

1718 (57%)

1925 (54%)

Diabetes

299 (15%)

421 (18%)

543 (18%)

837 (23%)

<.001

Coronary artery disease

188 (9.7%)

331 (14%)

496 (16%)

699 (19%)

<.001

Peripheral vascular disease

129 (6.7%)

211 (9.1%)

259 (8.6%)

390 (11%)

<.001

Dialysis vintage, years, median (IQR)

1.80 (2.44)

2.18 (3.00)

2.00 (3.49)

2.19 (3.69)

<.001

Dialysis vintage, years

<.001

Pre-emptive

85 (4.4%)

183 (7.9%)

430 (14%)

399 (11%)

187 (9.6%)

171 (7.4%)

216 (7.1%)

278 (7.7%)

1–3

974 (50%)

954 (41%)

1087 (36%)

1259 (35%)

693 (36%)

1004 (43%)

1290 (43%)

1661 (46%)

Recipient BMI, kg/m²

<.001

<25

1012 (52%)

1062 (46%)

1331 (44%)

1404 (39%)

25–29.9

642 (33%)

818 (35%)

1081 (36%)

1270 (35%)

30+

285 (15%)

432 (19%)

611 (20%)

923 (26%)

HLA mismatches

<.001

0–1

376 (19%)

350 (15%)

396 (13%)

409 (11%)

2–4

1216 (63%)

1322 (57%)

1697 (56%)

1909 (53%)

5–6

347 (18%)

640 (28%)

930 (31%)

1279 (36%)

Total ischaemia time, hours, median (IQR)

14 (9)

12 (12)

8 (10)

9 (9)

<.001

Total ischaemia time, hours

<.001

<12

654 (34%)

1072 (46%)

1933 (64%)

2382 (66%)

12–18

763 (39%)

832 (36%)

811 (27%)

960 (27%)

18+

522 (27%)

408 (18%)

279 (9.2%)

255 (7.1%)

Donor gender

<.001

Female

857 (44%)

1003 (43%)

1510 (50%)

1790 (50%)

Male

1082 (56%)

1309 (57%)

1513 (50%)

1807 (50%)

Donor age, years, median (IQR)

42 (27)

45 (25)

48 (21)

49 (22)

<.001

Donor age group, years

<0.001

<18

209 (11%)

188 (8.1%)

165 (5.5%)

161 (4.5%)

18–44

875 (45%)

922 (40%)

1086 (36%)

1270 (35%)

45–54

425 (22%)

622 (27%)

810 (27%)

904 (25%)

55–64

316 (16%)

430 (19%)

704 (23%)

843 (23%)

65+

114 (5.9%)

150 (6.5%)

258 (8.5%)

419 (12%)

Donor type

<.001

Deceased

1577 (81%)

1689 (73%)

1725 (57%)

2513 (70%)

Living

362 (19%)

623 (27%)

1298 (43%)

1084 (30%)

Acute rejection

Total number of acute rejection episodes

699

1207

1300

1443

N/A

Participants with ≥1 acute rejection episode

463 (24%)

818 (35%)

888 (29%)

1045 (29%)

<.001

Anti-thymocyte globulin

94 (4.8%)

129 (5.6%)

104 (3.4%)

151 (4.2%)

.001

Steroids

<.001

Steroid

1772 (91%)

2224 (96%)

2973 (98%)

3547 (99%)

None

167 (8.6%)

88 (3.8%)

50 (1.7%)

51 (1.4%)

Mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibitor

<.001

Everolimus

12 (0.6%)

34 (1.5%)

70 (2.3%)

19 (0.5%)

Sirolimus

173 (8.9%)

88 (3.8%)

32 (1.1%)

3 (<0.1%)

Neither

1754 (90%)

2190 (95%)

2921 (97%)

3575 (99%)

Calcineurin inhibitor

<.001

Ciclosporin

1811 (93%)

1698 (73%)

1300 (43%)

582 (16%)

Tacrolimus

66 (3.4%)

552 (24%)

1611 (53%)

2933 (82%)

Neither

62 (3.2%)

62 (2.7%)

112 (3.7%)

82 (2.3%)

Anti-metabolite

<.001

Azathioprine

994 (51%)

78 (3.4%)

25 (0.8%)

12 (0.3%)

Mycophenolate

704 (36%)

2048 (89%)

2905 (96%)

3503 (97%)

Neither

241 (12%)

186 (8.0%)

93 (3.1%)

82 (2.3%)

Table 1:

Open in new tab

Variable: summary by transplant era.

	1995–99	2000–04	2005–09	2010–14
Characteristics	n = 1939	n = 2312	n = 3023	n = 3597	P value
Primary kidney disease					<.001
Glomerular disease	962 (50%)	1092 (47%)	1355 (45%)	1500 (42%)
Diabetes	247 (13%)	346 (15%)	408 (13%)	625 (17%)
ADPKD	236 (12%)	297 (13%)	496 (16%)	537 (15%)
Reflux nephropathy	193 (10%)	181 (7.8%)	257 (8.5%)	213 (5.9%)
Hypertension	62 (3.2%)	79 (3.4%)	136 (4.5%)	228 (6.3%)
Other	239 (12%)	317 (14%)	371 (12%)	494 (14%)
Recipient gender					.034
Female	756 (39%)	898 (39%)	1124 (37%)	1315 (37%)
Male	1183 (61%)	1414 (61%)	1899 (63%)	2282 (63%)
Recipient ethnicity					<.001
White	1590 (82%)	1899 (82%)	2483 (82%)	2766 (77%)
Asian	152 (7.8%)	183 (7.9%)	294 (9.7%)	416 (12%)
Maori	109 (5.6%)	128 (5.5%)	122 (4.0%)	227 (6.3%)
ATSI	75 (3.9%)	84 (3.6%)	99 (3.3%)	113 (3.1%)
Other	13 (0.7%)	18 (0.8%)	25 (0.8%)	75 (2.1%)
Recipient age, years, median (IQR)	46 (19)	48 (20)	49 (20)	52 (19)	<.001
Recipient age, group, years					<.001
18–44	900 (46%)	954 (41%)	1160 (38%)	1186 (33%)
45–54	530 (27%)	667 (29%)	812 (27%)	888 (25%)
45–64	420 (22%)	525 (23%)	792 (26%)	1041 (29%)
65+	89 (4.6%)	166 (7.2%)	259 (8.6%)	482 (13%)
Smoking status					<.001
Current	256 (13%)	292 (13%)	337 (11%)	367 (10%)
Former	620 (32%)	751 (32%)	967 (32%)	1296 (36%)
Never	1063 (55%)	1267 (55%)	1718 (57%)	1925 (54%)
Diabetes	299 (15%)	421 (18%)	543 (18%)	837 (23%)	<.001
Coronary artery disease	188 (9.7%)	331 (14%)	496 (16%)	699 (19%)	<.001
Peripheral vascular disease	129 (6.7%)	211 (9.1%)	259 (8.6%)	390 (11%)	<.001
Dialysis vintage, years, median (IQR)	1.80 (2.44)	2.18 (3.00)	2.00 (3.49)	2.19 (3.69)	<.001
Dialysis vintage, years					<.001
Pre-emptive	85 (4.4%)	183 (7.9%)	430 (14%)	399 (11%)
<1	187 (9.6%)	171 (7.4%)	216 (7.1%)	278 (7.7%)
1–3	974 (50%)	954 (41%)	1087 (36%)	1259 (35%)
3+	693 (36%)	1004 (43%)	1290 (43%)	1661 (46%)
Recipient BMI, kg/m²					<.001
<25	1012 (52%)	1062 (46%)	1331 (44%)	1404 (39%)
25–29.9	642 (33%)	818 (35%)	1081 (36%)	1270 (35%)
30+	285 (15%)	432 (19%)	611 (20%)	923 (26%)
HLA mismatches					<.001
0–1	376 (19%)	350 (15%)	396 (13%)	409 (11%)
2–4	1216 (63%)	1322 (57%)	1697 (56%)	1909 (53%)
5–6	347 (18%)	640 (28%)	930 (31%)	1279 (36%)
Total ischaemia time, hours, median (IQR)	14 (9)	12 (12)	8 (10)	9 (9)	<.001
Total ischaemia time, hours					<.001
<12	654 (34%)	1072 (46%)	1933 (64%)	2382 (66%)
12–18	763 (39%)	832 (36%)	811 (27%)	960 (27%)
18+	522 (27%)	408 (18%)	279 (9.2%)	255 (7.1%)
Donor gender					<.001
Female	857 (44%)	1003 (43%)	1510 (50%)	1790 (50%)
Male	1082 (56%)	1309 (57%)	1513 (50%)	1807 (50%)
Donor age, years, median (IQR)	42 (27)	45 (25)	48 (21)	49 (22)	<.001
Donor age group, years					<0.001
<18	209 (11%)	188 (8.1%)	165 (5.5%)	161 (4.5%)
18–44	875 (45%)	922 (40%)	1086 (36%)	1270 (35%)
45–54	425 (22%)	622 (27%)	810 (27%)	904 (25%)
55–64	316 (16%)	430 (19%)	704 (23%)	843 (23%)
65+	114 (5.9%)	150 (6.5%)	258 (8.5%)	419 (12%)
Donor type					<.001
Deceased	1577 (81%)	1689 (73%)	1725 (57%)	2513 (70%)
Living	362 (19%)	623 (27%)	1298 (43%)	1084 (30%)
Acute rejection
Total number of acute rejection episodes	699	1207	1300	1443	N/A
Participants with ≥1 acute rejection episode	463 (24%)	818 (35%)	888 (29%)	1045 (29%)	<.001
Anti-thymocyte globulin	94 (4.8%)	129 (5.6%)	104 (3.4%)	151 (4.2%)	.001
Steroids					<.001
Steroid	1772 (91%)	2224 (96%)	2973 (98%)	3547 (99%)
None	167 (8.6%)	88 (3.8%)	50 (1.7%)	51 (1.4%)
Mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibitor					<.001
Everolimus	12 (0.6%)	34 (1.5%)	70 (2.3%)	19 (0.5%)
Sirolimus	173 (8.9%)	88 (3.8%)	32 (1.1%)	3 (<0.1%)
Neither	1754 (90%)	2190 (95%)	2921 (97%)	3575 (99%)
Calcineurin inhibitor					<.001
Ciclosporin	1811 (93%)	1698 (73%)	1300 (43%)	582 (16%)
Tacrolimus	66 (3.4%)	552 (24%)	1611 (53%)	2933 (82%)
Neither	62 (3.2%)	62 (2.7%)	112 (3.7%)	82 (2.3%)
Anti-metabolite					<.001
Azathioprine	994 (51%)	78 (3.4%)	25 (0.8%)	12 (0.3%)
Mycophenolate	704 (36%)	2048 (89%)	2905 (96%)	3503 (97%)
Neither	241 (12%)	186 (8.0%)	93 (3.1%)	82 (2.3%)

	1995–99	2000–04	2005–09	2010–14
Characteristics	n = 1939	n = 2312	n = 3023	n = 3597	P value
Primary kidney disease					<.001
Glomerular disease	962 (50%)	1092 (47%)	1355 (45%)	1500 (42%)
Diabetes	247 (13%)	346 (15%)	408 (13%)	625 (17%)
ADPKD	236 (12%)	297 (13%)	496 (16%)	537 (15%)
Reflux nephropathy	193 (10%)	181 (7.8%)	257 (8.5%)	213 (5.9%)
Hypertension	62 (3.2%)	79 (3.4%)	136 (4.5%)	228 (6.3%)
Other	239 (12%)	317 (14%)	371 (12%)	494 (14%)
Recipient gender					.034
Female	756 (39%)	898 (39%)	1124 (37%)	1315 (37%)
Male	1183 (61%)	1414 (61%)	1899 (63%)	2282 (63%)
Recipient ethnicity					<.001
White	1590 (82%)	1899 (82%)	2483 (82%)	2766 (77%)
Asian	152 (7.8%)	183 (7.9%)	294 (9.7%)	416 (12%)
Maori	109 (5.6%)	128 (5.5%)	122 (4.0%)	227 (6.3%)
ATSI	75 (3.9%)	84 (3.6%)	99 (3.3%)	113 (3.1%)
Other	13 (0.7%)	18 (0.8%)	25 (0.8%)	75 (2.1%)
Recipient age, years, median (IQR)	46 (19)	48 (20)	49 (20)	52 (19)	<.001
Recipient age, group, years					<.001
18–44	900 (46%)	954 (41%)	1160 (38%)	1186 (33%)
45–54	530 (27%)	667 (29%)	812 (27%)	888 (25%)
45–64	420 (22%)	525 (23%)	792 (26%)	1041 (29%)
65+	89 (4.6%)	166 (7.2%)	259 (8.6%)	482 (13%)
Smoking status					<.001
Current	256 (13%)	292 (13%)	337 (11%)	367 (10%)
Former	620 (32%)	751 (32%)	967 (32%)	1296 (36%)
Never	1063 (55%)	1267 (55%)	1718 (57%)	1925 (54%)
Diabetes	299 (15%)	421 (18%)	543 (18%)	837 (23%)	<.001
Coronary artery disease	188 (9.7%)	331 (14%)	496 (16%)	699 (19%)	<.001
Peripheral vascular disease	129 (6.7%)	211 (9.1%)	259 (8.6%)	390 (11%)	<.001
Dialysis vintage, years, median (IQR)	1.80 (2.44)	2.18 (3.00)	2.00 (3.49)	2.19 (3.69)	<.001
Dialysis vintage, years					<.001
Pre-emptive	85 (4.4%)	183 (7.9%)	430 (14%)	399 (11%)
<1	187 (9.6%)	171 (7.4%)	216 (7.1%)	278 (7.7%)
1–3	974 (50%)	954 (41%)	1087 (36%)	1259 (35%)
3+	693 (36%)	1004 (43%)	1290 (43%)	1661 (46%)
Recipient BMI, kg/m²					<.001
<25	1012 (52%)	1062 (46%)	1331 (44%)	1404 (39%)
25–29.9	642 (33%)	818 (35%)	1081 (36%)	1270 (35%)
30+	285 (15%)	432 (19%)	611 (20%)	923 (26%)
HLA mismatches					<.001
0–1	376 (19%)	350 (15%)	396 (13%)	409 (11%)
2–4	1216 (63%)	1322 (57%)	1697 (56%)	1909 (53%)
5–6	347 (18%)	640 (28%)	930 (31%)	1279 (36%)
Total ischaemia time, hours, median (IQR)	14 (9)	12 (12)	8 (10)	9 (9)	<.001
Total ischaemia time, hours					<.001
<12	654 (34%)	1072 (46%)	1933 (64%)	2382 (66%)
12–18	763 (39%)	832 (36%)	811 (27%)	960 (27%)
18+	522 (27%)	408 (18%)	279 (9.2%)	255 (7.1%)
Donor gender					<.001
Female	857 (44%)	1003 (43%)	1510 (50%)	1790 (50%)
Male	1082 (56%)	1309 (57%)	1513 (50%)	1807 (50%)
Donor age, years, median (IQR)	42 (27)	45 (25)	48 (21)	49 (22)	<.001
Donor age group, years					<0.001
<18	209 (11%)	188 (8.1%)	165 (5.5%)	161 (4.5%)
18–44	875 (45%)	922 (40%)	1086 (36%)	1270 (35%)
45–54	425 (22%)	622 (27%)	810 (27%)	904 (25%)
55–64	316 (16%)	430 (19%)	704 (23%)	843 (23%)
65+	114 (5.9%)	150 (6.5%)	258 (8.5%)	419 (12%)
Donor type					<.001
Deceased	1577 (81%)	1689 (73%)	1725 (57%)	2513 (70%)
Living	362 (19%)	623 (27%)	1298 (43%)	1084 (30%)
Acute rejection
Total number of acute rejection episodes	699	1207	1300	1443	N/A
Participants with ≥1 acute rejection episode	463 (24%)	818 (35%)	888 (29%)	1045 (29%)	<.001
Anti-thymocyte globulin	94 (4.8%)	129 (5.6%)	104 (3.4%)	151 (4.2%)	.001
Steroids					<.001
Steroid	1772 (91%)	2224 (96%)	2973 (98%)	3547 (99%)
None	167 (8.6%)	88 (3.8%)	50 (1.7%)	51 (1.4%)
Mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibitor					<.001
Everolimus	12 (0.6%)	34 (1.5%)	70 (2.3%)	19 (0.5%)
Sirolimus	173 (8.9%)	88 (3.8%)	32 (1.1%)	3 (<0.1%)
Neither	1754 (90%)	2190 (95%)	2921 (97%)	3575 (99%)
Calcineurin inhibitor					<.001
Ciclosporin	1811 (93%)	1698 (73%)	1300 (43%)	582 (16%)
Tacrolimus	66 (3.4%)	552 (24%)	1611 (53%)	2933 (82%)
Neither	62 (3.2%)	62 (2.7%)	112 (3.7%)	82 (2.3%)
Anti-metabolite					<.001
Azathioprine	994 (51%)	78 (3.4%)	25 (0.8%)	12 (0.3%)
Mycophenolate	704 (36%)	2048 (89%)	2905 (96%)	3503 (97%)
Neither	241 (12%)	186 (8.0%)	93 (3.1%)	82 (2.3%)

Abbreviations: ADPKD = autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, ATSI = Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander, IQR = interquartile range, NA = not applicable.

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