Table 2.

Baseline group-wise characteristics

CharacteristicGroup A (n = 269)Group B (n = 212)Group C (n = 190)P
Age (y), median (IQR)45 (30-59)51.5 (40.5-60)50 (41-58)<.0001
<55 y (%)181 (67.3)117 (55.2)112 (58.9).02
≥55 y (%)88 (32.7)95 (45.8)78 (41.1)
Sex (%)Male: 88 (32.7)Male: 50 (23.6)Male: 55 (28.9).90
Female: 181 (67.3)Female: 162 (73.4)Female: 135 (71.1)
Preoperative metabolic equivalent of task (%)81 (30.1)109 (44.3)126 (50.0)<.0001
Tumor size (cm)
Median (IQR)
4 (2.5-5.0)3.8 (2.5-5.0)4.0 (3.0-6.0).043
Histopathology (%)FTC: 99 (36.8)FTC: 111 (52.4)FTC: 123 (64.7)<.0001
PTC: 157 (58.4)PTC:94 (44.3)PTC: 59 (31.1)
HTC: 13 (4.8)HTC: 38 (17)HTC: 8 (4.2)
Primary surgery (%)
Total thyroidectomy171 (63.6)136 (64.2)129 (67.9).622
Less than total98 (36.4)76 (35.8)61(32.1)
T staging (%).016
TX/T1/T2138 (51.3)131 (61.7)98 (51.5)
T3/T4131 (48.7)81 (38.3)92 (48.5)
N staging (%)<.0001
NX/N0148 (55.0)149 (70.3)150 (79.0)
N1121 (45.0)63 (29.7)40 (21.0)
Lung metastases (%)190 (70.6)95 (44.8)82 (43.2)<.0001
Diffuse pulmonary31 (11.5)6 (2.8)3 (1.6)
Micronodular105 (39.0)49 (23.1)33 (17.4)
Macronodular54 (20.1)40 (18.9)46 (24.2)
Bone metastases (%)137 (50.9)159 (75.0)166 (87.4)<.0001
Single27 (10.0)23 (10.8)20 (10.5)
Multiple(≥2)110 (40.9)136 (64.2)146 (76.9)
Bone and lungs with other rare sites of distant metastases (%)61 (22.6)51 (24.0)63 (33.1).025
Median cumulative activity (mCi) IQR405 (300-550)800 (750-950)1350(1220-1551)<.0001
Median follow-up period (mo) IQR57 (24.0-113.0)70.0 (41.0-130.0)122 (82.0-180.0)<.0001
Last 131I-WBS (%)<.0001
Negative/positive132 (49.1)/137 (50.9)55 (25.9)/157 (74.1)23 (12.1)/167 (87.9)
EBRT (%)33 (12.3)49 (23.1)87 (45.8)<.0001
TKI (%)15 (5.6)10 (4.7)42 (21.6)<.0001
Adverse events (%)3 (1.1)12 (5.7)25 (12.1)<.0001
Patients alive with disease status (%)CR: 107 (47.8)CR: 41 (32.5)CR: 21 (30.9)<.0001
PR: 106 (47.3)PR: 79(62.7)PR: 43 (63.2)
PD: 11 (4.9)PD: 6 (4.8)PD: 4 (5.9)
Total deaths at the time of reporting (%)45 (16.7)86 (40.6)122 (64.2)<.0001
CharacteristicGroup A (n = 269)Group B (n = 212)Group C (n = 190)P
Age (y), median (IQR)45 (30-59)51.5 (40.5-60)50 (41-58)<.0001
<55 y (%)181 (67.3)117 (55.2)112 (58.9).02
≥55 y (%)88 (32.7)95 (45.8)78 (41.1)
Sex (%)Male: 88 (32.7)Male: 50 (23.6)Male: 55 (28.9).90
Female: 181 (67.3)Female: 162 (73.4)Female: 135 (71.1)
Preoperative metabolic equivalent of task (%)81 (30.1)109 (44.3)126 (50.0)<.0001
Tumor size (cm)
Median (IQR)
4 (2.5-5.0)3.8 (2.5-5.0)4.0 (3.0-6.0).043
Histopathology (%)FTC: 99 (36.8)FTC: 111 (52.4)FTC: 123 (64.7)<.0001
PTC: 157 (58.4)PTC:94 (44.3)PTC: 59 (31.1)
HTC: 13 (4.8)HTC: 38 (17)HTC: 8 (4.2)
Primary surgery (%)
Total thyroidectomy171 (63.6)136 (64.2)129 (67.9).622
Less than total98 (36.4)76 (35.8)61(32.1)
T staging (%).016
TX/T1/T2138 (51.3)131 (61.7)98 (51.5)
T3/T4131 (48.7)81 (38.3)92 (48.5)
N staging (%)<.0001
NX/N0148 (55.0)149 (70.3)150 (79.0)
N1121 (45.0)63 (29.7)40 (21.0)
Lung metastases (%)190 (70.6)95 (44.8)82 (43.2)<.0001
Diffuse pulmonary31 (11.5)6 (2.8)3 (1.6)
Micronodular105 (39.0)49 (23.1)33 (17.4)
Macronodular54 (20.1)40 (18.9)46 (24.2)
Bone metastases (%)137 (50.9)159 (75.0)166 (87.4)<.0001
Single27 (10.0)23 (10.8)20 (10.5)
Multiple(≥2)110 (40.9)136 (64.2)146 (76.9)
Bone and lungs with other rare sites of distant metastases (%)61 (22.6)51 (24.0)63 (33.1).025
Median cumulative activity (mCi) IQR405 (300-550)800 (750-950)1350(1220-1551)<.0001
Median follow-up period (mo) IQR57 (24.0-113.0)70.0 (41.0-130.0)122 (82.0-180.0)<.0001
Last 131I-WBS (%)<.0001
Negative/positive132 (49.1)/137 (50.9)55 (25.9)/157 (74.1)23 (12.1)/167 (87.9)
EBRT (%)33 (12.3)49 (23.1)87 (45.8)<.0001
TKI (%)15 (5.6)10 (4.7)42 (21.6)<.0001
Adverse events (%)3 (1.1)12 (5.7)25 (12.1)<.0001
Patients alive with disease status (%)CR: 107 (47.8)CR: 41 (32.5)CR: 21 (30.9)<.0001
PR: 106 (47.3)PR: 79(62.7)PR: 43 (63.2)
PD: 11 (4.9)PD: 6 (4.8)PD: 4 (5.9)
Total deaths at the time of reporting (%)45 (16.7)86 (40.6)122 (64.2)<.0001

Total numbers are highlighted as bold.

Abbreviations: CR, complete response; EBRT, external beam radiotherapy; FTC, follicular thyroid cancer; HTC, Hurtle cell thyroid cancer; IQR, interquartile range; PD, progressive disease; PR, partial response; PTC, papillary thyroid cancer; TKI, tyrosine kinase inhibitors; WBS, whole body scintigraphy.

Table 2.

Baseline group-wise characteristics

CharacteristicGroup A (n = 269)Group B (n = 212)Group C (n = 190)P
Age (y), median (IQR)45 (30-59)51.5 (40.5-60)50 (41-58)<.0001
<55 y (%)181 (67.3)117 (55.2)112 (58.9).02
≥55 y (%)88 (32.7)95 (45.8)78 (41.1)
Sex (%)Male: 88 (32.7)Male: 50 (23.6)Male: 55 (28.9).90
Female: 181 (67.3)Female: 162 (73.4)Female: 135 (71.1)
Preoperative metabolic equivalent of task (%)81 (30.1)109 (44.3)126 (50.0)<.0001
Tumor size (cm)
Median (IQR)
4 (2.5-5.0)3.8 (2.5-5.0)4.0 (3.0-6.0).043
Histopathology (%)FTC: 99 (36.8)FTC: 111 (52.4)FTC: 123 (64.7)<.0001
PTC: 157 (58.4)PTC:94 (44.3)PTC: 59 (31.1)
HTC: 13 (4.8)HTC: 38 (17)HTC: 8 (4.2)
Primary surgery (%)
Total thyroidectomy171 (63.6)136 (64.2)129 (67.9).622
Less than total98 (36.4)76 (35.8)61(32.1)
T staging (%).016
TX/T1/T2138 (51.3)131 (61.7)98 (51.5)
T3/T4131 (48.7)81 (38.3)92 (48.5)
N staging (%)<.0001
NX/N0148 (55.0)149 (70.3)150 (79.0)
N1121 (45.0)63 (29.7)40 (21.0)
Lung metastases (%)190 (70.6)95 (44.8)82 (43.2)<.0001
Diffuse pulmonary31 (11.5)6 (2.8)3 (1.6)
Micronodular105 (39.0)49 (23.1)33 (17.4)
Macronodular54 (20.1)40 (18.9)46 (24.2)
Bone metastases (%)137 (50.9)159 (75.0)166 (87.4)<.0001
Single27 (10.0)23 (10.8)20 (10.5)
Multiple(≥2)110 (40.9)136 (64.2)146 (76.9)
Bone and lungs with other rare sites of distant metastases (%)61 (22.6)51 (24.0)63 (33.1).025
Median cumulative activity (mCi) IQR405 (300-550)800 (750-950)1350(1220-1551)<.0001
Median follow-up period (mo) IQR57 (24.0-113.0)70.0 (41.0-130.0)122 (82.0-180.0)<.0001
Last 131I-WBS (%)<.0001
Negative/positive132 (49.1)/137 (50.9)55 (25.9)/157 (74.1)23 (12.1)/167 (87.9)
EBRT (%)33 (12.3)49 (23.1)87 (45.8)<.0001
TKI (%)15 (5.6)10 (4.7)42 (21.6)<.0001
Adverse events (%)3 (1.1)12 (5.7)25 (12.1)<.0001
Patients alive with disease status (%)CR: 107 (47.8)CR: 41 (32.5)CR: 21 (30.9)<.0001
PR: 106 (47.3)PR: 79(62.7)PR: 43 (63.2)
PD: 11 (4.9)PD: 6 (4.8)PD: 4 (5.9)
Total deaths at the time of reporting (%)45 (16.7)86 (40.6)122 (64.2)<.0001
CharacteristicGroup A (n = 269)Group B (n = 212)Group C (n = 190)P
Age (y), median (IQR)45 (30-59)51.5 (40.5-60)50 (41-58)<.0001
<55 y (%)181 (67.3)117 (55.2)112 (58.9).02
≥55 y (%)88 (32.7)95 (45.8)78 (41.1)
Sex (%)Male: 88 (32.7)Male: 50 (23.6)Male: 55 (28.9).90
Female: 181 (67.3)Female: 162 (73.4)Female: 135 (71.1)
Preoperative metabolic equivalent of task (%)81 (30.1)109 (44.3)126 (50.0)<.0001
Tumor size (cm)
Median (IQR)
4 (2.5-5.0)3.8 (2.5-5.0)4.0 (3.0-6.0).043
Histopathology (%)FTC: 99 (36.8)FTC: 111 (52.4)FTC: 123 (64.7)<.0001
PTC: 157 (58.4)PTC:94 (44.3)PTC: 59 (31.1)
HTC: 13 (4.8)HTC: 38 (17)HTC: 8 (4.2)
Primary surgery (%)
Total thyroidectomy171 (63.6)136 (64.2)129 (67.9).622
Less than total98 (36.4)76 (35.8)61(32.1)
T staging (%).016
TX/T1/T2138 (51.3)131 (61.7)98 (51.5)
T3/T4131 (48.7)81 (38.3)92 (48.5)
N staging (%)<.0001
NX/N0148 (55.0)149 (70.3)150 (79.0)
N1121 (45.0)63 (29.7)40 (21.0)
Lung metastases (%)190 (70.6)95 (44.8)82 (43.2)<.0001
Diffuse pulmonary31 (11.5)6 (2.8)3 (1.6)
Micronodular105 (39.0)49 (23.1)33 (17.4)
Macronodular54 (20.1)40 (18.9)46 (24.2)
Bone metastases (%)137 (50.9)159 (75.0)166 (87.4)<.0001
Single27 (10.0)23 (10.8)20 (10.5)
Multiple(≥2)110 (40.9)136 (64.2)146 (76.9)
Bone and lungs with other rare sites of distant metastases (%)61 (22.6)51 (24.0)63 (33.1).025
Median cumulative activity (mCi) IQR405 (300-550)800 (750-950)1350(1220-1551)<.0001
Median follow-up period (mo) IQR57 (24.0-113.0)70.0 (41.0-130.0)122 (82.0-180.0)<.0001
Last 131I-WBS (%)<.0001
Negative/positive132 (49.1)/137 (50.9)55 (25.9)/157 (74.1)23 (12.1)/167 (87.9)
EBRT (%)33 (12.3)49 (23.1)87 (45.8)<.0001
TKI (%)15 (5.6)10 (4.7)42 (21.6)<.0001
Adverse events (%)3 (1.1)12 (5.7)25 (12.1)<.0001
Patients alive with disease status (%)CR: 107 (47.8)CR: 41 (32.5)CR: 21 (30.9)<.0001
PR: 106 (47.3)PR: 79(62.7)PR: 43 (63.2)
PD: 11 (4.9)PD: 6 (4.8)PD: 4 (5.9)
Total deaths at the time of reporting (%)45 (16.7)86 (40.6)122 (64.2)<.0001

Total numbers are highlighted as bold.

Abbreviations: CR, complete response; EBRT, external beam radiotherapy; FTC, follicular thyroid cancer; HTC, Hurtle cell thyroid cancer; IQR, interquartile range; PD, progressive disease; PR, partial response; PTC, papillary thyroid cancer; TKI, tyrosine kinase inhibitors; WBS, whole body scintigraphy.

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