Table 3 Open in new tab Incident...

	Dual-chamber pacemaker	Single-chamber pacemaker
Clinical outcomes
All-cause death	42 203	3890	9.22 (8.93–9.51)	39 652	4552	11.48 (11.15–11.81)	0.807 (0.773–0.842)	<0.0001
Cardiovascular death	42 203	1162	2.75 (2.60–2.91)	39 652	1447	3.65 (3.46–3.84)	0.766 (0.709–0.828)	<0.0001
Heart failure	35 699	5534	15.50 (15.09–15.91)	33 088	5714	17.27 (16.82–17.72)	0.908 (0.875–0.943)	<0.0001
Incident AF	37 719	3404	9.03 (8.72–9.33)	34 050	3973	11.67 (11.31–12.03)	0.778 (0.743–0.814)	<0.0001
Ischaemic stroke	41 570	732	1.76 (1.63–1.89)	38 935	789	2.03 (1.89–2.17)	0.873 (0.789–0.965)	0.008
Endocarditis	41 993	174	0.41 (0.35–0.48)	39 466	187	0.47 (0.41–0.54)	0.884 (0.719–1.087)	0.24
Device-related outcomes
Upgrade to DDD	42 220	0	—	38 409	423	1.10 (1.00–1.21)	—	—
Upgrade to CRT	41 991	120	0.29 (0.24–0.34)	39 395	132	0.34 (0.28–0.39)	0.860 (0.672–1.102)	0.23
Any upgrade to DDD or CRT	41 991	120	0.29 (0.24–0.34)	38 162	547	1.43 (1.31–1.55)	0.210 (0.172–0.256)	<0.0001
Pneumothorax/haemothorax	42 135	66	0.16 (0.12–0.19)	39 595	70	0.18 (0.14–0.22)	0.901 (0.643–1.261)	0.54
Pocket complication	41 784	631	1.51 (1.39–1.63)	39 001	510	1.31 (1.19–1.42)	1.179 (1.049–1.325)	0.006
Lead complication requiring revision	40 787	670	1.64 (1.52–1.77)	38 345	589	1.54 (1.41–1.66)	1.123 (1.005–1.255)	0.04
Device-related infection	41 907	234	0.56 (0.49–0.63)	39 261	261	0.67 (0.58–0.75)	0.859 (0.720–1.025)	0.09
Tamponade	42 167	25	0.06 (0.04–0.08)	39 641	20	0.05 (0.03–0.07)	1.205 (0.670–2.171)	0.53

Dual-chamber pacemaker

Single-chamber pacemaker

(n = 19 219)

Person-time (patient-year)

Number of events

Incidence,
%/year (95% CI)

Person-time (patient-year)

Number of events

Incidence,
%/year (95% CI)

Hazard ratio
(95% CI)

P value

Clinical outcomes

All-cause death

42 203

3890

9.22
(8.93–9.51)

39 652

4552

11.48
(11.15–11.81)

0.807
(0.773–0.842)

<0.0001

Cardiovascular death

42 203

1162

2.75
(2.60–2.91)

39 652

1447

3.65
(3.46–3.84)

0.766
(0.709–0.828)

<0.0001

Heart failure

35 699

5534

15.50
(15.09–15.91)

33 088

5714

17.27
(16.82–17.72)

0.908
(0.875–0.943)

<0.0001

Incident AF

37 719

3404

9.03
(8.72–9.33)

34 050

3973

11.67
(11.31–12.03)

0.778
(0.743–0.814)

<0.0001

Ischaemic stroke

41 570

732

1.76
(1.63–1.89)

38 935

789

2.03
(1.89–2.17)

0.873
(0.789–0.965)

0.008

Endocarditis

41 993

174

0.41
(0.35–0.48)

39 466

187

0.47
(0.41–0.54)

0.884
(0.719–1.087)

0.24

Device-related outcomes

Upgrade to DDD

42 220

—

38 409

423

1.10
(1.00–1.21)

—

Upgrade to CRT

41 991

120

0.29
(0.24–0.34)

39 395

132

0.34
(0.28–0.39)

0.860
(0.672–1.102)

0.23

Any upgrade to DDD or CRT

41 991

120

0.29
(0.24–0.34)

38 162

547

1.43
(1.31–1.55)

0.210
(0.172–0.256)

<0.0001

Pneumothorax/haemothorax

42 135

0.16
(0.12–0.19)

39 595

0.18
(0.14–0.22)

0.901
(0.643–1.261)

0.54

Pocket complication

41 784

631

1.51
(1.39–1.63)

39 001

510

1.31
(1.19–1.42)

1.179
(1.049–1.325)

0.006

Lead complication requiring revision

40 787

670

1.64
(1.52–1.77)

38 345

589

1.54
(1.41–1.66)

1.123
(1.005–1.255)

0.04

Device-related infection

41 907

234

0.56
(0.49–0.63)

39 261

261

0.67
(0.58–0.75)

0.859
(0.720–1.025)

0.09

Tamponade

42 167

0.06
(0.04–0.08)

39 641

0.05
(0.03–0.07)

1.205
(0.670–2.171)

0.53

	Dual-chamber pacemaker	Single-chamber pacemaker
Clinical outcomes
All-cause death	42 203	3890	9.22 (8.93–9.51)	39 652	4552	11.48 (11.15–11.81)	0.807 (0.773–0.842)	<0.0001
Cardiovascular death	42 203	1162	2.75 (2.60–2.91)	39 652	1447	3.65 (3.46–3.84)	0.766 (0.709–0.828)	<0.0001
Heart failure	35 699	5534	15.50 (15.09–15.91)	33 088	5714	17.27 (16.82–17.72)	0.908 (0.875–0.943)	<0.0001
Incident AF	37 719	3404	9.03 (8.72–9.33)	34 050	3973	11.67 (11.31–12.03)	0.778 (0.743–0.814)	<0.0001
Ischaemic stroke	41 570	732	1.76 (1.63–1.89)	38 935	789	2.03 (1.89–2.17)	0.873 (0.789–0.965)	0.008
Endocarditis	41 993	174	0.41 (0.35–0.48)	39 466	187	0.47 (0.41–0.54)	0.884 (0.719–1.087)	0.24
Device-related outcomes
Upgrade to DDD	42 220	0	—	38 409	423	1.10 (1.00–1.21)	—	—
Upgrade to CRT	41 991	120	0.29 (0.24–0.34)	39 395	132	0.34 (0.28–0.39)	0.860 (0.672–1.102)	0.23
Any upgrade to DDD or CRT	41 991	120	0.29 (0.24–0.34)	38 162	547	1.43 (1.31–1.55)	0.210 (0.172–0.256)	<0.0001
Pneumothorax/haemothorax	42 135	66	0.16 (0.12–0.19)	39 595	70	0.18 (0.14–0.22)	0.901 (0.643–1.261)	0.54
Pocket complication	41 784	631	1.51 (1.39–1.63)	39 001	510	1.31 (1.19–1.42)	1.179 (1.049–1.325)	0.006
Lead complication requiring revision	40 787	670	1.64 (1.52–1.77)	38 345	589	1.54 (1.41–1.66)	1.123 (1.005–1.255)	0.04
Device-related infection	41 907	234	0.56 (0.49–0.63)	39 261	261	0.67 (0.58–0.75)	0.859 (0.720–1.025)	0.09
Tamponade	42 167	25	0.06 (0.04–0.08)	39 641	20	0.05 (0.03–0.07)	1.205 (0.670–2.171)	0.53

Table 3

Open in new tab

Incident outcomes in matched patients

	Dual-chamber pacemaker			Single-chamber pacemaker
	(n = 19 219)			(n = 19 219)
	Person-time (patient-year)	Number of events	Incidence, %/year (95% CI)	Person-time (patient-year)	Number of events	Incidence, %/year (95% CI)	Hazard ratio (95% CI)	P value
Clinical outcomes
All-cause death	42 203	3890	9.22 (8.93–9.51)	39 652	4552	11.48 (11.15–11.81)	0.807 (0.773–0.842)	<0.0001
Cardiovascular death	42 203	1162	2.75 (2.60–2.91)	39 652	1447	3.65 (3.46–3.84)	0.766 (0.709–0.828)	<0.0001
Heart failure	35 699	5534	15.50 (15.09–15.91)	33 088	5714	17.27 (16.82–17.72)	0.908 (0.875–0.943)	<0.0001
Incident AF	37 719	3404	9.03 (8.72–9.33)	34 050	3973	11.67 (11.31–12.03)	0.778 (0.743–0.814)	<0.0001
Ischaemic stroke	41 570	732	1.76 (1.63–1.89)	38 935	789	2.03 (1.89–2.17)	0.873 (0.789–0.965)	0.008
Endocarditis	41 993	174	0.41 (0.35–0.48)	39 466	187	0.47 (0.41–0.54)	0.884 (0.719–1.087)	0.24
Device-related outcomes
Upgrade to DDD	42 220	0	—	38 409	423	1.10 (1.00–1.21)	—	—
Upgrade to CRT	41 991	120	0.29 (0.24–0.34)	39 395	132	0.34 (0.28–0.39)	0.860 (0.672–1.102)	0.23
Any upgrade to DDD or CRT	41 991	120	0.29 (0.24–0.34)	38 162	547	1.43 (1.31–1.55)	0.210 (0.172–0.256)	<0.0001
Pneumothorax/haemothorax	42 135	66	0.16 (0.12–0.19)	39 595	70	0.18 (0.14–0.22)	0.901 (0.643–1.261)	0.54
Pocket complication	41 784	631	1.51 (1.39–1.63)	39 001	510	1.31 (1.19–1.42)	1.179 (1.049–1.325)	0.006
Lead complication requiring revision	40 787	670	1.64 (1.52–1.77)	38 345	589	1.54 (1.41–1.66)	1.123 (1.005–1.255)	0.04
Device-related infection	41 907	234	0.56 (0.49–0.63)	39 261	261	0.67 (0.58–0.75)	0.859 (0.720–1.025)	0.09
Tamponade	42 167	25	0.06 (0.04–0.08)	39 641	20	0.05 (0.03–0.07)	1.205 (0.670–2.171)	0.53

	Dual-chamber pacemaker			Single-chamber pacemaker
	(n = 19 219)			(n = 19 219)
	Person-time (patient-year)	Number of events	Incidence, %/year (95% CI)	Person-time (patient-year)	Number of events	Incidence, %/year (95% CI)	Hazard ratio (95% CI)	P value
Clinical outcomes
All-cause death	42 203	3890	9.22 (8.93–9.51)	39 652	4552	11.48 (11.15–11.81)	0.807 (0.773–0.842)	<0.0001
Cardiovascular death	42 203	1162	2.75 (2.60–2.91)	39 652	1447	3.65 (3.46–3.84)	0.766 (0.709–0.828)	<0.0001
Heart failure	35 699	5534	15.50 (15.09–15.91)	33 088	5714	17.27 (16.82–17.72)	0.908 (0.875–0.943)	<0.0001
Incident AF	37 719	3404	9.03 (8.72–9.33)	34 050	3973	11.67 (11.31–12.03)	0.778 (0.743–0.814)	<0.0001
Ischaemic stroke	41 570	732	1.76 (1.63–1.89)	38 935	789	2.03 (1.89–2.17)	0.873 (0.789–0.965)	0.008
Endocarditis	41 993	174	0.41 (0.35–0.48)	39 466	187	0.47 (0.41–0.54)	0.884 (0.719–1.087)	0.24
Device-related outcomes
Upgrade to DDD	42 220	0	—	38 409	423	1.10 (1.00–1.21)	—	—
Upgrade to CRT	41 991	120	0.29 (0.24–0.34)	39 395	132	0.34 (0.28–0.39)	0.860 (0.672–1.102)	0.23
Any upgrade to DDD or CRT	41 991	120	0.29 (0.24–0.34)	38 162	547	1.43 (1.31–1.55)	0.210 (0.172–0.256)	<0.0001
Pneumothorax/haemothorax	42 135	66	0.16 (0.12–0.19)	39 595	70	0.18 (0.14–0.22)	0.901 (0.643–1.261)	0.54
Pocket complication	41 784	631	1.51 (1.39–1.63)	39 001	510	1.31 (1.19–1.42)	1.179 (1.049–1.325)	0.006
Lead complication requiring revision	40 787	670	1.64 (1.52–1.77)	38 345	589	1.54 (1.41–1.66)	1.123 (1.005–1.255)	0.04
Device-related infection	41 907	234	0.56 (0.49–0.63)	39 261	261	0.67 (0.58–0.75)	0.859 (0.720–1.025)	0.09
Tamponade	42 167	25	0.06 (0.04–0.08)	39 641	20	0.05 (0.03–0.07)	1.205 (0.670–2.171)	0.53

AF, atrial fibrillation; CI, confidence interval; CRT, cardiac resynchronization therapy; DDD, dual-chamber pacemaker; VVI, single-chamber pacemaker.

This Feature Is Available To Subscribers Only