Table 2. Open in new tab Summary of...

	All days	Unstable days
MAE, median (IQR), mg/dL	0.09 (0.085, 0.09)	0.13 (0.131, 0.135)	<.01	0.20 (0.197, 0.203)	0.54 (0.532, 0.548)	<.01
RMSE, median (IQR), mg/dL	0.15 (0.146,0.152)	0.25 (0.245, 0.253)	<.01	0.31 (0.307, 0.327)	0.67 (0.663, 0.694)	<.01
Temporal validation
MAE, mg/dL	0.08	0.13	N/A	0.19	0.54	N/A
RMSE, mg/dL	0.14	0.25	N/A	0.31	0.66	N/A
Prospective validation
MAE, mg/dL	0.09	0.13	N/A	0.18	0.50	N/A
RMSE, mg/dL	0.14	0.23	N/A	0.28	0.60	N/A

	All days	Unstable days
MAE, median (IQR), mg/dL	0.09 (0.085, 0.09)	0.13 (0.131, 0.135)	<.01	0.20 (0.197, 0.203)	0.54 (0.532, 0.548)	<.01
RMSE, median (IQR), mg/dL	0.15 (0.146,0.152)	0.25 (0.245, 0.253)	<.01	0.31 (0.307, 0.327)	0.67 (0.663, 0.694)	<.01
Temporal validation
MAE, mg/dL	0.08	0.13	N/A	0.19	0.54	N/A
RMSE, mg/dL	0.14	0.25	N/A	0.31	0.66	N/A
Prospective validation
MAE, mg/dL	0.09	0.13	N/A	0.18	0.50	N/A
RMSE, mg/dL	0.14	0.23	N/A	0.28	0.60	N/A

Table 2.

Summary of model performance on all days and unstable days.

	All days			Unstable days
Test set
	Nephrocast	Reference SCr	P-value	Nephrocast	Reference SCr	P-value
MAE, median (IQR), mg/dL	0.09 (0.085, 0.09)	0.13 (0.131, 0.135)	<.01	0.20 (0.197, 0.203)	0.54 (0.532, 0.548)	<.01
RMSE, median (IQR), mg/dL	0.15 (0.146,0.152)	0.25 (0.245, 0.253)	<.01	0.31 (0.307, 0.327)	0.67 (0.663, 0.694)	<.01
Temporal validation
MAE, mg/dL	0.08	0.13	N/A	0.19	0.54	N/A
RMSE, mg/dL	0.14	0.25	N/A	0.31	0.66	N/A
Prospective validation
MAE, mg/dL	0.09	0.13	N/A	0.18	0.50	N/A
RMSE, mg/dL	0.14	0.23	N/A	0.28	0.60	N/A

	All days			Unstable days
Test set
	Nephrocast	Reference SCr	P-value	Nephrocast	Reference SCr	P-value
MAE, median (IQR), mg/dL	0.09 (0.085, 0.09)	0.13 (0.131, 0.135)	<.01	0.20 (0.197, 0.203)	0.54 (0.532, 0.548)	<.01
RMSE, median (IQR), mg/dL	0.15 (0.146,0.152)	0.25 (0.245, 0.253)	<.01	0.31 (0.307, 0.327)	0.67 (0.663, 0.694)	<.01
Temporal validation
MAE, mg/dL	0.08	0.13	N/A	0.19	0.54	N/A
RMSE, mg/dL	0.14	0.25	N/A	0.31	0.66	N/A
Prospective validation
MAE, mg/dL	0.09	0.13	N/A	0.18	0.50	N/A
RMSE, mg/dL	0.14	0.23	N/A	0.28	0.60	N/A

Reference SCr was defined as the measured SCr on the day of making the prediction. Predicted SCr was defined as the predicted SCr by our model for the next patient-day. Measured SCr was defined as the laboratory measured SCr on the next patient-day. Model error was defined as the difference between predicted SCr and measured SCr, which was compared against the difference between reference SCr and measured SCr. Error was summarized using MAE and RMSE. Unstable patient-days were defined as those in which there was a change of 30% or 0.3 mg/dL or more in SCr concentration between the reference SCr and the measured SCr on the following patient-day.

Abbreviations: IQR = interquartile range; MAE = mean absolute error; RMSE = root mean squared error; SCr = serum creatinine.

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