Table 2: Open in new tab...

	Coefficient estimate (β)	SE	p-value
Model 1: PCS score
Intercept	58.52	0.32	<0.001^*
SES group	−1.60	0.18	<0.001^*
Time	0.21	0.07	0.004^*
SES group × Time	−0.15	0.17	0.392
Decreased income	0.12	0.20	0.554
Employment terminated/redundancy/ceased operation of business	−0.02	0.31	0.947
Claimed JobKeeper/employer claimed JobKeeper on behalf	0.28	0.19	0.136
Received Coronavirus Supplement from government	−0.17	0.30	0.575
Model 2: MHI-5 score
Intercept	59.11	0.66	<0.001^*
SES group	−2.77	0.38	<0.001^*
Time	−1.71	0.14	<0.001^*
SES group × Time	1.07	0.32	<0.001^*
Decreased income	−0.64	0.42	0.124
Employment terminated/redundancy/ceased operation of business	−2.31	0.65	<0.001^*
Claimed JobKeeper/employer claimed JobKeeper on behalf	0.22	0.40	0.573
Received Coronavirus Supplement from government	−4.15	0.63	<0.001^*
Model 3: MCS score
Intercept	37.93	0.41	<0.001^*
SES group	−1.33	0.24	<0.001^*
Time	−1.22	0.09	<0.001^*
SES group × Time	0.55	0.21	0.009^*
Decreased income	−0.44	0.26	0.089
Employment terminated/redundancy/ceased operation of business	−1.52	0.40	<0.001^*
Claimed JobKeeper/employer claimed JobKeeper on behalf	0.24	0.25	0.324
Received Coronavirus Supplement from government	−2.65	0.39	<0.001^*

Coefficient estimate (β)

p-value

Model 1: PCS score

Intercept

58.52

0.32

<0.001^*

SES group

−1.60

0.18

<0.001^*

Time

0.21

0.07

0.004^*

SES group × Time

−0.15

0.17

0.392

Decreased income

0.12

0.20

0.554

Employment terminated/redundancy/ceased operation of business

−0.02

0.31

0.947

Claimed JobKeeper/employer claimed JobKeeper on behalf

0.28

0.19

0.136

Received Coronavirus Supplement from government

−0.17

0.30

0.575

Model 2: MHI-5 score

Intercept

59.11

0.66

<0.001^*

SES group

−2.77

0.38

<0.001^*

Time

−1.71

0.14

<0.001^*

SES group × Time

1.07

0.32

<0.001^*

Decreased income

−0.64

0.42

0.124

Employment terminated/redundancy/ceased operation of business

−2.31

0.65

<0.001^*

Claimed JobKeeper/employer claimed JobKeeper on behalf

0.22

0.40

0.573

Received Coronavirus Supplement from government

−4.15

0.63

<0.001^*

Model 3: MCS score

Intercept

37.93

0.41

<0.001^*

SES group

−1.33

0.24

<0.001^*

Time

−1.22

0.09

<0.001^*

SES group × Time

0.55

0.21

0.009^*

Decreased income

−0.44

0.26

0.089

Employment terminated/redundancy/ceased operation of business

−1.52

0.40

<0.001^*

Claimed JobKeeper/employer claimed JobKeeper on behalf

0.24

0.25

0.324

Received Coronavirus Supplement from government

−2.65

0.39

<0.001^*

	Coefficient estimate (β)	SE	p-value
Model 1: PCS score
Intercept	58.52	0.32	<0.001^*
SES group	−1.60	0.18	<0.001^*
Time	0.21	0.07	0.004^*
SES group × Time	−0.15	0.17	0.392
Decreased income	0.12	0.20	0.554
Employment terminated/redundancy/ceased operation of business	−0.02	0.31	0.947
Claimed JobKeeper/employer claimed JobKeeper on behalf	0.28	0.19	0.136
Received Coronavirus Supplement from government	−0.17	0.30	0.575
Model 2: MHI-5 score
Intercept	59.11	0.66	<0.001^*
SES group	−2.77	0.38	<0.001^*
Time	−1.71	0.14	<0.001^*
SES group × Time	1.07	0.32	<0.001^*
Decreased income	−0.64	0.42	0.124
Employment terminated/redundancy/ceased operation of business	−2.31	0.65	<0.001^*
Claimed JobKeeper/employer claimed JobKeeper on behalf	0.22	0.40	0.573
Received Coronavirus Supplement from government	−4.15	0.63	<0.001^*
Model 3: MCS score
Intercept	37.93	0.41	<0.001^*
SES group	−1.33	0.24	<0.001^*
Time	−1.22	0.09	<0.001^*
SES group × Time	0.55	0.21	0.009^*
Decreased income	−0.44	0.26	0.089
Employment terminated/redundancy/ceased operation of business	−1.52	0.40	<0.001^*
Claimed JobKeeper/employer claimed JobKeeper on behalf	0.24	0.25	0.324
Received Coronavirus Supplement from government	−2.65	0.39	<0.001^*

Table 2:

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Difference-in-differences analyses for physical and mental health quality of life

	Coefficient estimate (β)	SE	p-value
Model 1: PCS score
Intercept	58.52	0.32	<0.001^*
SES group	−1.60	0.18	<0.001^*
Time	0.21	0.07	0.004^*
SES group × Time	−0.15	0.17	0.392
Decreased income	0.12	0.20	0.554
Employment terminated/redundancy/ceased operation of business	−0.02	0.31	0.947
Claimed JobKeeper/employer claimed JobKeeper on behalf	0.28	0.19	0.136
Received Coronavirus Supplement from government	−0.17	0.30	0.575
Model 2: MHI-5 score
Intercept	59.11	0.66	<0.001^*
SES group	−2.77	0.38	<0.001^*
Time	−1.71	0.14	<0.001^*
SES group × Time	1.07	0.32	<0.001^*
Decreased income	−0.64	0.42	0.124
Employment terminated/redundancy/ceased operation of business	−2.31	0.65	<0.001^*
Claimed JobKeeper/employer claimed JobKeeper on behalf	0.22	0.40	0.573
Received Coronavirus Supplement from government	−4.15	0.63	<0.001^*
Model 3: MCS score
Intercept	37.93	0.41	<0.001^*
SES group	−1.33	0.24	<0.001^*
Time	−1.22	0.09	<0.001^*
SES group × Time	0.55	0.21	0.009^*
Decreased income	−0.44	0.26	0.089
Employment terminated/redundancy/ceased operation of business	−1.52	0.40	<0.001^*
Claimed JobKeeper/employer claimed JobKeeper on behalf	0.24	0.25	0.324
Received Coronavirus Supplement from government	−2.65	0.39	<0.001^*

	Coefficient estimate (β)	SE	p-value
Model 1: PCS score
Intercept	58.52	0.32	<0.001^*
SES group	−1.60	0.18	<0.001^*
Time	0.21	0.07	0.004^*
SES group × Time	−0.15	0.17	0.392
Decreased income	0.12	0.20	0.554
Employment terminated/redundancy/ceased operation of business	−0.02	0.31	0.947
Claimed JobKeeper/employer claimed JobKeeper on behalf	0.28	0.19	0.136
Received Coronavirus Supplement from government	−0.17	0.30	0.575
Model 2: MHI-5 score
Intercept	59.11	0.66	<0.001^*
SES group	−2.77	0.38	<0.001^*
Time	−1.71	0.14	<0.001^*
SES group × Time	1.07	0.32	<0.001^*
Decreased income	−0.64	0.42	0.124
Employment terminated/redundancy/ceased operation of business	−2.31	0.65	<0.001^*
Claimed JobKeeper/employer claimed JobKeeper on behalf	0.22	0.40	0.573
Received Coronavirus Supplement from government	−4.15	0.63	<0.001^*
Model 3: MCS score
Intercept	37.93	0.41	<0.001^*
SES group	−1.33	0.24	<0.001^*
Time	−1.22	0.09	<0.001^*
SES group × Time	0.55	0.21	0.009^*
Decreased income	−0.44	0.26	0.089
Employment terminated/redundancy/ceased operation of business	−1.52	0.40	<0.001^*
Claimed JobKeeper/employer claimed JobKeeper on behalf	0.24	0.25	0.324
Received Coronavirus Supplement from government	−2.65	0.39	<0.001^*

^*p < 0.05.

See Supplementary Material S1 for the mathematical equation on the difference-in-differences models. Models were adjusted for additional covariates including age, sex, household type, marital status, employment, highest education achieved and long-term health conditions.

Abbreviation: MCS = Mental Component Summary; MHI-5 = Mental Health Index-5; PCS = Physical Component Summary; SE = standard error; SES = socio-economic status.

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