(a) Characteristics of patients with coronary heart disease and/or lipoprotein(a) testing between 1 January 2000 and 17 November 2023 within a large integrated health system in New England, USA; (b) characteristics of primary prevention patients with borderline-to-intermediate (5–<20%) estimated 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk between 2010 and 2012 with and without lipoprotein(a) testing during the study period
| (a) Mass General Brigham population, 2000–23 . | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics . | − CHD, + Lp(a) testing . | + CHD − Lp(a) testinga . | + CHD + Lp(a) testinga . | P-valuea . | Odds ratio for Lp(a) testing (95% CI)a . |
| n | 28 929 | 427 806 | 38 008 | ||
| Sex | <0.001 | ||||
| Male, n (%) | 14 155 (48.9%) | 241 395 (56.4%) | 24 284 (63.9%) | Ref. | |
| Female, n (%) | 14 774 (51.1%) | 186 411 (43.6%) | 13 724 (36.1%) | 0.73 (0.72–0.75) | |
| Race/ethnicity | <0.001 | ||||
| White, n (%) | 22 758 (78.7%) | 333 181 (77.9%) | 32 141 (84.6%) | Ref. | |
| Black, n (%) | 1215 (4.2%) | 28 505 (6.7%) | 1582 (4.2%) | 0.58 (0.55–0.61) | |
| Asian, n (%) | 2282 (7.9%) | 10 296 (2.4%) | 1121 (2.9%) | 1.13 (1.06–1.20) | |
| Other, n (%) | 2674 (9.2%) | 55 824 (13.0%) | 3164 (8.3%) | 0.59 (0.57–0.61) | |
| (a) Mass General Brigham population, 2000–23 . | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics . | − CHD, + Lp(a) testing . | + CHD − Lp(a) testinga . | + CHD + Lp(a) testinga . | P-valuea . | Odds ratio for Lp(a) testing (95% CI)a . |
| n | 28 929 | 427 806 | 38 008 | ||
| Sex | <0.001 | ||||
| Male, n (%) | 14 155 (48.9%) | 241 395 (56.4%) | 24 284 (63.9%) | Ref. | |
| Female, n (%) | 14 774 (51.1%) | 186 411 (43.6%) | 13 724 (36.1%) | 0.73 (0.72–0.75) | |
| Race/ethnicity | <0.001 | ||||
| White, n (%) | 22 758 (78.7%) | 333 181 (77.9%) | 32 141 (84.6%) | Ref. | |
| Black, n (%) | 1215 (4.2%) | 28 505 (6.7%) | 1582 (4.2%) | 0.58 (0.55–0.61) | |
| Asian, n (%) | 2282 (7.9%) | 10 296 (2.4%) | 1121 (2.9%) | 1.13 (1.06–1.20) | |
| Other, n (%) | 2674 (9.2%) | 55 824 (13.0%) | 3164 (8.3%) | 0.59 (0.57–0.61) | |
| (b) Individuals at borderline-to-intermediate 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk, 2010–12 . | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics . | − CHD, − Lp(a) testingb . | − CHD, + Lp(a) testingb . | P-valueb . | Odds ratio for Lp(a) testing (95% CI)b . | Incident CHD − Lp(a) testinga . | Incident CHD + Lp(a) testinga . | P-valuea . | Odds ratio for Lp(a) testing (95% CI)a . |
| N | 40 698 | 1142 | 21 460 | 1701 | ||||
| Sex | 0.20 | 0.01 | ||||||
| Male, n (%) | 31 015 (76.2%) | 889 (77.8%) | Ref. | 15 566 (72.5%) | 1282 (75.4%) | Ref. | ||
| Female, n (%) | 9683 (23.8%) | 253 (22.2%) | 0.91 (0.79–1.05) | 5894 (27.5%) | 419 (24.6%) | 0.86 (0.77–0.97) | ||
| Race/ethnicity | 0.03 | <0.001 | ||||||
| White, n (%) | 33 906 (83.3%) | 989 (86.6%) | Ref. | 18 191 (84.4%) | 1503 (88.4%) | Ref. | ||
| Black, n (%) | 3428 (8.4%) | 78 (6.8%) | 0.78 (0.62–0.98) | 1646 (7.7%) | 103 (6.1%) | 0.76 (0.62–0.93) | ||
| Asian, n (%) | 1297 (3.2%) | 30 (2.6%) | 0.79 (0.55–1.15) | 498 (2.3%) | 36 (2.1%) | 0.87 (0.62–1.23) | ||
| Other, n (%) | 2067 (5.1%) | 45 (3.9%) | 0.75 (0.55–1.01) | 1125 (5.2%) | 59 (3.5%) | 0.63 (0.49–0.83) | ||
| (b) Individuals at borderline-to-intermediate 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk, 2010–12 . | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics . | − CHD, − Lp(a) testingb . | − CHD, + Lp(a) testingb . | P-valueb . | Odds ratio for Lp(a) testing (95% CI)b . | Incident CHD − Lp(a) testinga . | Incident CHD + Lp(a) testinga . | P-valuea . | Odds ratio for Lp(a) testing (95% CI)a . |
| N | 40 698 | 1142 | 21 460 | 1701 | ||||
| Sex | 0.20 | 0.01 | ||||||
| Male, n (%) | 31 015 (76.2%) | 889 (77.8%) | Ref. | 15 566 (72.5%) | 1282 (75.4%) | Ref. | ||
| Female, n (%) | 9683 (23.8%) | 253 (22.2%) | 0.91 (0.79–1.05) | 5894 (27.5%) | 419 (24.6%) | 0.86 (0.77–0.97) | ||
| Race/ethnicity | 0.03 | <0.001 | ||||||
| White, n (%) | 33 906 (83.3%) | 989 (86.6%) | Ref. | 18 191 (84.4%) | 1503 (88.4%) | Ref. | ||
| Black, n (%) | 3428 (8.4%) | 78 (6.8%) | 0.78 (0.62–0.98) | 1646 (7.7%) | 103 (6.1%) | 0.76 (0.62–0.93) | ||
| Asian, n (%) | 1297 (3.2%) | 30 (2.6%) | 0.79 (0.55–1.15) | 498 (2.3%) | 36 (2.1%) | 0.87 (0.62–1.23) | ||
| Other, n (%) | 2067 (5.1%) | 45 (3.9%) | 0.75 (0.55–1.01) | 1125 (5.2%) | 59 (3.5%) | 0.63 (0.49–0.83) | ||
CHD, coronary heart disease; Lp(a), lipoprotein(a); 95% CI, 95% confidence interval.
aReflects comparison between those with coronary heart disease who did and did not undergo lipoprotein(a) testing.
bReflects comparison between those without coronary heart disease who did and did not undergo lipoprotein(a) testing.
(a) Characteristics of patients with coronary heart disease and/or lipoprotein(a) testing between 1 January 2000 and 17 November 2023 within a large integrated health system in New England, USA; (b) characteristics of primary prevention patients with borderline-to-intermediate (5–<20%) estimated 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk between 2010 and 2012 with and without lipoprotein(a) testing during the study period
| (a) Mass General Brigham population, 2000–23 . | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics . | − CHD, + Lp(a) testing . | + CHD − Lp(a) testinga . | + CHD + Lp(a) testinga . | P-valuea . | Odds ratio for Lp(a) testing (95% CI)a . |
| n | 28 929 | 427 806 | 38 008 | ||
| Sex | <0.001 | ||||
| Male, n (%) | 14 155 (48.9%) | 241 395 (56.4%) | 24 284 (63.9%) | Ref. | |
| Female, n (%) | 14 774 (51.1%) | 186 411 (43.6%) | 13 724 (36.1%) | 0.73 (0.72–0.75) | |
| Race/ethnicity | <0.001 | ||||
| White, n (%) | 22 758 (78.7%) | 333 181 (77.9%) | 32 141 (84.6%) | Ref. | |
| Black, n (%) | 1215 (4.2%) | 28 505 (6.7%) | 1582 (4.2%) | 0.58 (0.55–0.61) | |
| Asian, n (%) | 2282 (7.9%) | 10 296 (2.4%) | 1121 (2.9%) | 1.13 (1.06–1.20) | |
| Other, n (%) | 2674 (9.2%) | 55 824 (13.0%) | 3164 (8.3%) | 0.59 (0.57–0.61) | |
| (a) Mass General Brigham population, 2000–23 . | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics . | − CHD, + Lp(a) testing . | + CHD − Lp(a) testinga . | + CHD + Lp(a) testinga . | P-valuea . | Odds ratio for Lp(a) testing (95% CI)a . |
| n | 28 929 | 427 806 | 38 008 | ||
| Sex | <0.001 | ||||
| Male, n (%) | 14 155 (48.9%) | 241 395 (56.4%) | 24 284 (63.9%) | Ref. | |
| Female, n (%) | 14 774 (51.1%) | 186 411 (43.6%) | 13 724 (36.1%) | 0.73 (0.72–0.75) | |
| Race/ethnicity | <0.001 | ||||
| White, n (%) | 22 758 (78.7%) | 333 181 (77.9%) | 32 141 (84.6%) | Ref. | |
| Black, n (%) | 1215 (4.2%) | 28 505 (6.7%) | 1582 (4.2%) | 0.58 (0.55–0.61) | |
| Asian, n (%) | 2282 (7.9%) | 10 296 (2.4%) | 1121 (2.9%) | 1.13 (1.06–1.20) | |
| Other, n (%) | 2674 (9.2%) | 55 824 (13.0%) | 3164 (8.3%) | 0.59 (0.57–0.61) | |
| (b) Individuals at borderline-to-intermediate 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk, 2010–12 . | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics . | − CHD, − Lp(a) testingb . | − CHD, + Lp(a) testingb . | P-valueb . | Odds ratio for Lp(a) testing (95% CI)b . | Incident CHD − Lp(a) testinga . | Incident CHD + Lp(a) testinga . | P-valuea . | Odds ratio for Lp(a) testing (95% CI)a . |
| N | 40 698 | 1142 | 21 460 | 1701 | ||||
| Sex | 0.20 | 0.01 | ||||||
| Male, n (%) | 31 015 (76.2%) | 889 (77.8%) | Ref. | 15 566 (72.5%) | 1282 (75.4%) | Ref. | ||
| Female, n (%) | 9683 (23.8%) | 253 (22.2%) | 0.91 (0.79–1.05) | 5894 (27.5%) | 419 (24.6%) | 0.86 (0.77–0.97) | ||
| Race/ethnicity | 0.03 | <0.001 | ||||||
| White, n (%) | 33 906 (83.3%) | 989 (86.6%) | Ref. | 18 191 (84.4%) | 1503 (88.4%) | Ref. | ||
| Black, n (%) | 3428 (8.4%) | 78 (6.8%) | 0.78 (0.62–0.98) | 1646 (7.7%) | 103 (6.1%) | 0.76 (0.62–0.93) | ||
| Asian, n (%) | 1297 (3.2%) | 30 (2.6%) | 0.79 (0.55–1.15) | 498 (2.3%) | 36 (2.1%) | 0.87 (0.62–1.23) | ||
| Other, n (%) | 2067 (5.1%) | 45 (3.9%) | 0.75 (0.55–1.01) | 1125 (5.2%) | 59 (3.5%) | 0.63 (0.49–0.83) | ||
| (b) Individuals at borderline-to-intermediate 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk, 2010–12 . | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics . | − CHD, − Lp(a) testingb . | − CHD, + Lp(a) testingb . | P-valueb . | Odds ratio for Lp(a) testing (95% CI)b . | Incident CHD − Lp(a) testinga . | Incident CHD + Lp(a) testinga . | P-valuea . | Odds ratio for Lp(a) testing (95% CI)a . |
| N | 40 698 | 1142 | 21 460 | 1701 | ||||
| Sex | 0.20 | 0.01 | ||||||
| Male, n (%) | 31 015 (76.2%) | 889 (77.8%) | Ref. | 15 566 (72.5%) | 1282 (75.4%) | Ref. | ||
| Female, n (%) | 9683 (23.8%) | 253 (22.2%) | 0.91 (0.79–1.05) | 5894 (27.5%) | 419 (24.6%) | 0.86 (0.77–0.97) | ||
| Race/ethnicity | 0.03 | <0.001 | ||||||
| White, n (%) | 33 906 (83.3%) | 989 (86.6%) | Ref. | 18 191 (84.4%) | 1503 (88.4%) | Ref. | ||
| Black, n (%) | 3428 (8.4%) | 78 (6.8%) | 0.78 (0.62–0.98) | 1646 (7.7%) | 103 (6.1%) | 0.76 (0.62–0.93) | ||
| Asian, n (%) | 1297 (3.2%) | 30 (2.6%) | 0.79 (0.55–1.15) | 498 (2.3%) | 36 (2.1%) | 0.87 (0.62–1.23) | ||
| Other, n (%) | 2067 (5.1%) | 45 (3.9%) | 0.75 (0.55–1.01) | 1125 (5.2%) | 59 (3.5%) | 0.63 (0.49–0.83) | ||
CHD, coronary heart disease; Lp(a), lipoprotein(a); 95% CI, 95% confidence interval.
aReflects comparison between those with coronary heart disease who did and did not undergo lipoprotein(a) testing.
bReflects comparison between those without coronary heart disease who did and did not undergo lipoprotein(a) testing.
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