Baseline characteristics of Aragon Workers’ Health Study participants according to carbohydrate quality index categories
| . | . | Carbohydrate quality index . | . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | . | 4-6 points (lowest quality) . | 7-9 points . | 10-12 points . | 13-15 points (highest quality) . | . |
| N = 2316 . | Mean . | n = 334 . | n = 1039 . | n = 745 . | n = 198 . | P for trend . |
| Age, y | 50.9 (3.9) | 50.4 (4.2) | 51.0 (3.9) | 51.1 (3.8) | 51.0 (3.6) | .058 |
| Type of work, white collar % (n) | 12.0 (277) | 10.8 (36) | 10.3 (107) | 14.4 (107) | 13.6 (27) | .028 |
| BMI | 27.9 (3.5) | 27.6 (3.6) | 27.9 (3.5) | 28.0 (3.4) | 27.9 (3.5) | .292 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 98.0 (9.3) | 97.5 (9.2) | 98.4 (9.3) | 97.9 (9.4) | 97.2 (8.9) | .623 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 125.6 (14.0) | 125.1 (13.9) | 126.0 (13.7) | 124.9 (14.2) | 126.3 (15.3) | .980 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 82.7 (9.5) | 82.8 (9.5) | 83.0 (9.2) | 82.3 (9.6) | 83.0 (10.1) | .570 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 220.1 (36.3) | 220.1 (39.3) | 218.7 (34.6) | 222.1 (36.5) | 219.7 (38.2) | .351 |
| HDL-c, mg/dL | 52.8 (11.4) | 51.7 (10.7) | 51.7 (10.9) | 54.5 (11.8) | 54.6 (12.1) | <.001 |
| Non–HDL-c, mg/dL | 167.2 (35.0) | 168.4 (38.2) | 167.0 (33.3) | 167.6 (35.4) | 165.1 (37.4) | .511 |
| LDL-c, mg/dL | 137.9 (31.4) | 137.4 (34.2) | 137.2 (30.6) | 138.8 (30.7) | 139.3 (33.4) | .285 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 151.8 (98.9) | 157.1 (91.0) | 155.7 (108.1) | 146.8 (88.6) | 140.9 (97.5) | .013 |
| Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 98.0 (17.8) | 96.7 (16.1) | 97.9 (18.7) | 98.2 (16.9) | 99.4 (18.9) | .094 |
| Ever-smokers, % (n) | 76.7 (1776) | 78.4 (262) | 77.9 (809) | 74.5 (555) | 75.8 (150) | .126 |
| Physical activity, total METs-h/wk | 32.3 (23.0) | 27.6 (20.8) | 31.8 (22.2) | 34.9 (24.5) | 33.4 (23.9) | <.001 |
| Hypertension, % (n) | 38.7 (896) | 36.2 (121) | 39.0 (405) | 38.5 (287) | 41.9 (83) | .308 |
| Dyslipidemia, % (n) | 49.4 (1145) | 49.7 (166) | 48.7 (506) | 49.5 (369) | 52.5 (104) | .546 |
| Diabetes, % (n) | 5.8 (135) | 4.5 (15) | 6.0 (62) | 5.5 (41) | 8.6 (17) | .167 |
| . | . | Carbohydrate quality index . | . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | . | 4-6 points (lowest quality) . | 7-9 points . | 10-12 points . | 13-15 points (highest quality) . | . |
| N = 2316 . | Mean . | n = 334 . | n = 1039 . | n = 745 . | n = 198 . | P for trend . |
| Age, y | 50.9 (3.9) | 50.4 (4.2) | 51.0 (3.9) | 51.1 (3.8) | 51.0 (3.6) | .058 |
| Type of work, white collar % (n) | 12.0 (277) | 10.8 (36) | 10.3 (107) | 14.4 (107) | 13.6 (27) | .028 |
| BMI | 27.9 (3.5) | 27.6 (3.6) | 27.9 (3.5) | 28.0 (3.4) | 27.9 (3.5) | .292 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 98.0 (9.3) | 97.5 (9.2) | 98.4 (9.3) | 97.9 (9.4) | 97.2 (8.9) | .623 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 125.6 (14.0) | 125.1 (13.9) | 126.0 (13.7) | 124.9 (14.2) | 126.3 (15.3) | .980 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 82.7 (9.5) | 82.8 (9.5) | 83.0 (9.2) | 82.3 (9.6) | 83.0 (10.1) | .570 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 220.1 (36.3) | 220.1 (39.3) | 218.7 (34.6) | 222.1 (36.5) | 219.7 (38.2) | .351 |
| HDL-c, mg/dL | 52.8 (11.4) | 51.7 (10.7) | 51.7 (10.9) | 54.5 (11.8) | 54.6 (12.1) | <.001 |
| Non–HDL-c, mg/dL | 167.2 (35.0) | 168.4 (38.2) | 167.0 (33.3) | 167.6 (35.4) | 165.1 (37.4) | .511 |
| LDL-c, mg/dL | 137.9 (31.4) | 137.4 (34.2) | 137.2 (30.6) | 138.8 (30.7) | 139.3 (33.4) | .285 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 151.8 (98.9) | 157.1 (91.0) | 155.7 (108.1) | 146.8 (88.6) | 140.9 (97.5) | .013 |
| Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 98.0 (17.8) | 96.7 (16.1) | 97.9 (18.7) | 98.2 (16.9) | 99.4 (18.9) | .094 |
| Ever-smokers, % (n) | 76.7 (1776) | 78.4 (262) | 77.9 (809) | 74.5 (555) | 75.8 (150) | .126 |
| Physical activity, total METs-h/wk | 32.3 (23.0) | 27.6 (20.8) | 31.8 (22.2) | 34.9 (24.5) | 33.4 (23.9) | <.001 |
| Hypertension, % (n) | 38.7 (896) | 36.2 (121) | 39.0 (405) | 38.5 (287) | 41.9 (83) | .308 |
| Dyslipidemia, % (n) | 49.4 (1145) | 49.7 (166) | 48.7 (506) | 49.5 (369) | 52.5 (104) | .546 |
| Diabetes, % (n) | 5.8 (135) | 4.5 (15) | 6.0 (62) | 5.5 (41) | 8.6 (17) | .167 |
Values are mean (SD) or % (number). P value for trend from unadjusted regression models.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; HDL-c, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; MET, metabolic equivalent; Non–HDL-c: non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
Baseline characteristics of Aragon Workers’ Health Study participants according to carbohydrate quality index categories
| . | . | Carbohydrate quality index . | . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | . | 4-6 points (lowest quality) . | 7-9 points . | 10-12 points . | 13-15 points (highest quality) . | . |
| N = 2316 . | Mean . | n = 334 . | n = 1039 . | n = 745 . | n = 198 . | P for trend . |
| Age, y | 50.9 (3.9) | 50.4 (4.2) | 51.0 (3.9) | 51.1 (3.8) | 51.0 (3.6) | .058 |
| Type of work, white collar % (n) | 12.0 (277) | 10.8 (36) | 10.3 (107) | 14.4 (107) | 13.6 (27) | .028 |
| BMI | 27.9 (3.5) | 27.6 (3.6) | 27.9 (3.5) | 28.0 (3.4) | 27.9 (3.5) | .292 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 98.0 (9.3) | 97.5 (9.2) | 98.4 (9.3) | 97.9 (9.4) | 97.2 (8.9) | .623 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 125.6 (14.0) | 125.1 (13.9) | 126.0 (13.7) | 124.9 (14.2) | 126.3 (15.3) | .980 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 82.7 (9.5) | 82.8 (9.5) | 83.0 (9.2) | 82.3 (9.6) | 83.0 (10.1) | .570 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 220.1 (36.3) | 220.1 (39.3) | 218.7 (34.6) | 222.1 (36.5) | 219.7 (38.2) | .351 |
| HDL-c, mg/dL | 52.8 (11.4) | 51.7 (10.7) | 51.7 (10.9) | 54.5 (11.8) | 54.6 (12.1) | <.001 |
| Non–HDL-c, mg/dL | 167.2 (35.0) | 168.4 (38.2) | 167.0 (33.3) | 167.6 (35.4) | 165.1 (37.4) | .511 |
| LDL-c, mg/dL | 137.9 (31.4) | 137.4 (34.2) | 137.2 (30.6) | 138.8 (30.7) | 139.3 (33.4) | .285 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 151.8 (98.9) | 157.1 (91.0) | 155.7 (108.1) | 146.8 (88.6) | 140.9 (97.5) | .013 |
| Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 98.0 (17.8) | 96.7 (16.1) | 97.9 (18.7) | 98.2 (16.9) | 99.4 (18.9) | .094 |
| Ever-smokers, % (n) | 76.7 (1776) | 78.4 (262) | 77.9 (809) | 74.5 (555) | 75.8 (150) | .126 |
| Physical activity, total METs-h/wk | 32.3 (23.0) | 27.6 (20.8) | 31.8 (22.2) | 34.9 (24.5) | 33.4 (23.9) | <.001 |
| Hypertension, % (n) | 38.7 (896) | 36.2 (121) | 39.0 (405) | 38.5 (287) | 41.9 (83) | .308 |
| Dyslipidemia, % (n) | 49.4 (1145) | 49.7 (166) | 48.7 (506) | 49.5 (369) | 52.5 (104) | .546 |
| Diabetes, % (n) | 5.8 (135) | 4.5 (15) | 6.0 (62) | 5.5 (41) | 8.6 (17) | .167 |
| . | . | Carbohydrate quality index . | . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | . | 4-6 points (lowest quality) . | 7-9 points . | 10-12 points . | 13-15 points (highest quality) . | . |
| N = 2316 . | Mean . | n = 334 . | n = 1039 . | n = 745 . | n = 198 . | P for trend . |
| Age, y | 50.9 (3.9) | 50.4 (4.2) | 51.0 (3.9) | 51.1 (3.8) | 51.0 (3.6) | .058 |
| Type of work, white collar % (n) | 12.0 (277) | 10.8 (36) | 10.3 (107) | 14.4 (107) | 13.6 (27) | .028 |
| BMI | 27.9 (3.5) | 27.6 (3.6) | 27.9 (3.5) | 28.0 (3.4) | 27.9 (3.5) | .292 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 98.0 (9.3) | 97.5 (9.2) | 98.4 (9.3) | 97.9 (9.4) | 97.2 (8.9) | .623 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 125.6 (14.0) | 125.1 (13.9) | 126.0 (13.7) | 124.9 (14.2) | 126.3 (15.3) | .980 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 82.7 (9.5) | 82.8 (9.5) | 83.0 (9.2) | 82.3 (9.6) | 83.0 (10.1) | .570 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 220.1 (36.3) | 220.1 (39.3) | 218.7 (34.6) | 222.1 (36.5) | 219.7 (38.2) | .351 |
| HDL-c, mg/dL | 52.8 (11.4) | 51.7 (10.7) | 51.7 (10.9) | 54.5 (11.8) | 54.6 (12.1) | <.001 |
| Non–HDL-c, mg/dL | 167.2 (35.0) | 168.4 (38.2) | 167.0 (33.3) | 167.6 (35.4) | 165.1 (37.4) | .511 |
| LDL-c, mg/dL | 137.9 (31.4) | 137.4 (34.2) | 137.2 (30.6) | 138.8 (30.7) | 139.3 (33.4) | .285 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 151.8 (98.9) | 157.1 (91.0) | 155.7 (108.1) | 146.8 (88.6) | 140.9 (97.5) | .013 |
| Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 98.0 (17.8) | 96.7 (16.1) | 97.9 (18.7) | 98.2 (16.9) | 99.4 (18.9) | .094 |
| Ever-smokers, % (n) | 76.7 (1776) | 78.4 (262) | 77.9 (809) | 74.5 (555) | 75.8 (150) | .126 |
| Physical activity, total METs-h/wk | 32.3 (23.0) | 27.6 (20.8) | 31.8 (22.2) | 34.9 (24.5) | 33.4 (23.9) | <.001 |
| Hypertension, % (n) | 38.7 (896) | 36.2 (121) | 39.0 (405) | 38.5 (287) | 41.9 (83) | .308 |
| Dyslipidemia, % (n) | 49.4 (1145) | 49.7 (166) | 48.7 (506) | 49.5 (369) | 52.5 (104) | .546 |
| Diabetes, % (n) | 5.8 (135) | 4.5 (15) | 6.0 (62) | 5.5 (41) | 8.6 (17) | .167 |
Values are mean (SD) or % (number). P value for trend from unadjusted regression models.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; HDL-c, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; MET, metabolic equivalent; Non–HDL-c: non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
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