Table 1. Open in new tab Characteristics...

Characteristic	IBD overall (n = 102 986)	Crohn’s disease (n = 48 728)	Ulcerative colitis (n = 47 592)
Demographics
Age, y	53.3	17.13	51.4	17.38	55.5	16.58
Female	56 135	54.5%	27 491	56.4%	25 123	52.8%
Comorbidities (% yes)
Obesity	16 909	16%	7777	16%	7971	17%
Type 2 diabetes	14 300	14%	6120	13%	7228	15%
Cancer	13 705	13%	6224	13%	6539	14%
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	8222	8%	4065	8%	3619	8%
Chronic kidney disease	19 847	19%	9489	19%	8815	19%
Cardiovascular disease	8048	8%	3533	7%	3960	8%
Asthma	6321	6%	3040	6%	2787	6%
Cerebrovascular disease	4654	5%	2043	4%	2288	5%
Thromboembolic event	4619	4%	2030	4%	2165	5%
Sickle cell disease	79	0.1%	37	0.1%	33	0.1%
Pregnancy	1138	1%	561	1%	494	1%
Smoking	16 483	16%	8629	18%	6589	14%
Use of medications
No treatment	25 538	25%	12 088	25%	11 829	25%
Anti-TNF	16 868	16%	10 745	22%	4839	10%
Anti-TNF and azathioprine/6-MP	2002	2%	1220	3%	602	1%
Anti-TNF and methotrexate	857	1%	619	1%	175	0%
Vedolizumab	5551	5%	2385	5%	2616	5%
Ustekinumab	2765	3%	2246	5%	224	0.5%
Tofacitinib	345	0.3%	26	0.1%	291	1%
Systemic corticosteroids	11 189	11%	5079	10%	5134	11%
5-ASA/sulfasalazine	21 208	21%	5751	12%	14 357	30%
Azathioprine/6-MP	10 064	10%	5130	11%	4176	9%
Methotrexate	1796	2%	1178	2%	488	1%
Budesonide (oral)	2799	3%	1369	3%	1122	2%
Proton pump inhibitor	288	0.3%	145	0.3%	107	0.2%
Healthcare service utilization intensity
Number of ambulatory encounters in prior 6 mo	11.1	10.20	11.2	10.38	10.6	9.90

Characteristic

IBD overall (n = 102 986)

Crohn’s disease (n = 48 728)

Ulcerative colitis (n = 47 592)

n/Mean

%/SD

n/Mean

%/SD

n/Mean

%/SD

Demographics

Age, y

53.3

17.13

51.4

17.38

55.5

16.58

Female

56 135

54.5%

27 491

56.4%

25 123

52.8%

Comorbidities (% yes)

Obesity

16 909

16%

7777

16%

7971

17%

Type 2 diabetes

14 300

14%

6120

13%

7228

15%

Cancer

13 705

13%

6224

13%

6539

14%

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

8222

4065

3619

Chronic kidney disease

19 847

19%

9489

19%

8815

19%

Cardiovascular disease

8048

3533

3960

Asthma

6321

3040

2787

Cerebrovascular disease

4654

2043

2288

Thromboembolic event

4619

2030

2165

Sickle cell disease

0.1%

Pregnancy

1138

561

494

Smoking

16 483

16%

8629

18%

6589

14%

Use of medications

No treatment

25 538

25%

12 088

25%

11 829

25%

Anti-TNF

16 868

16%

10 745

22%

4839

10%

Anti-TNF and azathioprine/6-MP

2002

1220

602

Anti-TNF and methotrexate

857

619

175

Vedolizumab

5551

2385

2616

Ustekinumab

2765

2246

224

0.5%

Tofacitinib

345

0.3%

0.1%

291

Systemic corticosteroids

11 189

11%

5079

10%

5134

11%

5-ASA/sulfasalazine

21 208

21%

5751

12%

14 357

30%

Azathioprine/6-MP

10 064

10%

5130

11%

4176

Methotrexate

1796

1178

488

Budesonide (oral)

2799

1369

1122

Proton pump inhibitor

288

0.3%

145

0.3%

107

0.2%

Healthcare service utilization intensity

Number of ambulatory encounters in prior 6 mo

11.1

10.20

11.2

10.38

10.6

9.90

Characteristic	IBD overall (n = 102 986)	Crohn’s disease (n = 48 728)	Ulcerative colitis (n = 47 592)
Demographics
Age, y	53.3	17.13	51.4	17.38	55.5	16.58
Female	56 135	54.5%	27 491	56.4%	25 123	52.8%
Comorbidities (% yes)
Obesity	16 909	16%	7777	16%	7971	17%
Type 2 diabetes	14 300	14%	6120	13%	7228	15%
Cancer	13 705	13%	6224	13%	6539	14%
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	8222	8%	4065	8%	3619	8%
Chronic kidney disease	19 847	19%	9489	19%	8815	19%
Cardiovascular disease	8048	8%	3533	7%	3960	8%
Asthma	6321	6%	3040	6%	2787	6%
Cerebrovascular disease	4654	5%	2043	4%	2288	5%
Thromboembolic event	4619	4%	2030	4%	2165	5%
Sickle cell disease	79	0.1%	37	0.1%	33	0.1%
Pregnancy	1138	1%	561	1%	494	1%
Smoking	16 483	16%	8629	18%	6589	14%
Use of medications
No treatment	25 538	25%	12 088	25%	11 829	25%
Anti-TNF	16 868	16%	10 745	22%	4839	10%
Anti-TNF and azathioprine/6-MP	2002	2%	1220	3%	602	1%
Anti-TNF and methotrexate	857	1%	619	1%	175	0%
Vedolizumab	5551	5%	2385	5%	2616	5%
Ustekinumab	2765	3%	2246	5%	224	0.5%
Tofacitinib	345	0.3%	26	0.1%	291	1%
Systemic corticosteroids	11 189	11%	5079	10%	5134	11%
5-ASA/sulfasalazine	21 208	21%	5751	12%	14 357	30%
Azathioprine/6-MP	10 064	10%	5130	11%	4176	9%
Methotrexate	1796	2%	1178	2%	488	1%
Budesonide (oral)	2799	3%	1369	3%	1122	2%
Proton pump inhibitor	288	0.3%	145	0.3%	107	0.2%
Healthcare service utilization intensity
Number of ambulatory encounters in prior 6 mo	11.1	10.20	11.2	10.38	10.6	9.90

Table 1.

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Characteristics of the cohort, overall and by Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis.

Characteristic	IBD overall (n = 102 986)		Crohn’s disease (n = 48 728)		Ulcerative colitis (n = 47 592)
Characteristic	n/Mean	%/SD	n/Mean	%/SD	n/Mean	%/SD
Demographics
Age, y	53.3	17.13	51.4	17.38	55.5	16.58
Female	56 135	54.5%	27 491	56.4%	25 123	52.8%
Comorbidities (% yes)
Obesity	16 909	16%	7777	16%	7971	17%
Type 2 diabetes	14 300	14%	6120	13%	7228	15%
Cancer	13 705	13%	6224	13%	6539	14%
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	8222	8%	4065	8%	3619	8%
Chronic kidney disease	19 847	19%	9489	19%	8815	19%
Cardiovascular disease	8048	8%	3533	7%	3960	8%
Asthma	6321	6%	3040	6%	2787	6%
Cerebrovascular disease	4654	5%	2043	4%	2288	5%
Thromboembolic event	4619	4%	2030	4%	2165	5%
Sickle cell disease	79	0.1%	37	0.1%	33	0.1%
Pregnancy	1138	1%	561	1%	494	1%
Smoking	16 483	16%	8629	18%	6589	14%
Use of medications
No treatment	25 538	25%	12 088	25%	11 829	25%
Anti-TNF	16 868	16%	10 745	22%	4839	10%
Anti-TNF and azathioprine/6-MP	2002	2%	1220	3%	602	1%
Anti-TNF and methotrexate	857	1%	619	1%	175	0%
Vedolizumab	5551	5%	2385	5%	2616	5%
Ustekinumab	2765	3%	2246	5%	224	0.5%
Tofacitinib	345	0.3%	26	0.1%	291	1%
Systemic corticosteroids	11 189	11%	5079	10%	5134	11%
5-ASA/sulfasalazine	21 208	21%	5751	12%	14 357	30%
Azathioprine/6-MP	10 064	10%	5130	11%	4176	9%
Methotrexate	1796	2%	1178	2%	488	1%
Budesonide (oral)	2799	3%	1369	3%	1122	2%
Proton pump inhibitor	288	0.3%	145	0.3%	107	0.2%
Healthcare service utilization intensity
Number of ambulatory encounters in prior 6 mo	11.1	10.20	11.2	10.38	10.6	9.90

Characteristic	IBD overall (n = 102 986)		Crohn’s disease (n = 48 728)		Ulcerative colitis (n = 47 592)
Characteristic	n/Mean	%/SD	n/Mean	%/SD	n/Mean	%/SD
Demographics
Age, y	53.3	17.13	51.4	17.38	55.5	16.58
Female	56 135	54.5%	27 491	56.4%	25 123	52.8%
Comorbidities (% yes)
Obesity	16 909	16%	7777	16%	7971	17%
Type 2 diabetes	14 300	14%	6120	13%	7228	15%
Cancer	13 705	13%	6224	13%	6539	14%
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	8222	8%	4065	8%	3619	8%
Chronic kidney disease	19 847	19%	9489	19%	8815	19%
Cardiovascular disease	8048	8%	3533	7%	3960	8%
Asthma	6321	6%	3040	6%	2787	6%
Cerebrovascular disease	4654	5%	2043	4%	2288	5%
Thromboembolic event	4619	4%	2030	4%	2165	5%
Sickle cell disease	79	0.1%	37	0.1%	33	0.1%
Pregnancy	1138	1%	561	1%	494	1%
Smoking	16 483	16%	8629	18%	6589	14%
Use of medications
No treatment	25 538	25%	12 088	25%	11 829	25%
Anti-TNF	16 868	16%	10 745	22%	4839	10%
Anti-TNF and azathioprine/6-MP	2002	2%	1220	3%	602	1%
Anti-TNF and methotrexate	857	1%	619	1%	175	0%
Vedolizumab	5551	5%	2385	5%	2616	5%
Ustekinumab	2765	3%	2246	5%	224	0.5%
Tofacitinib	345	0.3%	26	0.1%	291	1%
Systemic corticosteroids	11 189	11%	5079	10%	5134	11%
5-ASA/sulfasalazine	21 208	21%	5751	12%	14 357	30%
Azathioprine/6-MP	10 064	10%	5130	11%	4176	9%
Methotrexate	1796	2%	1178	2%	488	1%
Budesonide (oral)	2799	3%	1369	3%	1122	2%
Proton pump inhibitor	288	0.3%	145	0.3%	107	0.2%
Healthcare service utilization intensity
Number of ambulatory encounters in prior 6 mo	11.1	10.20	11.2	10.38	10.6	9.90

Abbreviations: 5-ASA, 5-aminsalicylate; 6-MP, 6-mercaptopurine; anti-TNF, anti-tumor necrosis factor α; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease.

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