Synoptic view of major procedures used for the mechanical assessment of pericardial samples
| Authors . | Year . | Specie(s) . | Preconditioning . | Testing . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hildebrandt et al. | 1969 | Canine (native) | Cyclic loading | Uniaxial and biaxial loading |
| Lee and Boughnerl | 1981 | Canine | Cyclic loading | Stress relaxation, creep |
| Wiegner et al. | 1981 | Canine (native) | Cyclic loading | Stress relaxation, creep, fracture |
| Reece et al. | 1982 | Bovine (native, GA-treated) | Cyclic loading | Stress relaxation, creep |
| Radjeman et al. | 1985 | Bovine | – | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Lee and Boughner | 1985 | Human and canine | Cyclic loading | Stress relaxation, creep, fracture |
| Trowbridge et al. | 1985 | Bovine (GA-treated) | Cyclic loading | Uniaxial tensile loading, stress relaxation |
| Lee et al. | 1987 | Human and canine | Cyclic loading | Stress relaxation, creep |
| Cohn et al. | 1987 | Human, bovine and canine | – | Uniaxial loading |
| Crofts and Trowbridge | 1988 | Bovine (native, GA-treated) | Cyclic loading | Uniaxial tensile loading, stress relaxation, creep |
| Lee et al. | 1989 | Bovine | – | Uniaxial loading |
| Naimark et al. | 1992 | Bovine, canine, porcine, ovine | Cyclic loading | Stress–strain response, stress relaxation, and forced vibration |
| Zioupos et al. | 1992 | Bovine | – | Inflation |
| Courtman et al. | 1994 | Bovine | Cyclic loading | Uniaxial loading |
| Pasquino et al. | 1994 | Bovine | – | Uniaxial loading |
| Duncan and Boughner | 1998 | Bovine (GA-treated) | Cyclic loading | Stress–strain, stress relaxation, creep |
| Langdon et al. | 1999 | Bovine (GA-treated) | Cyclic loading | Biaxial tensile loading |
| Sung et al. | 1999 | Porcine aortic valve (fixed with a naturally occurring cross-linking agent) | Cyclic loading | Stress relaxation + extension to fracture |
| Garcia Páez et al. | 2001 | Ostrich (GA-treated and sutured) | – | Hydraulic simulator |
| Garcia Páez et al. | 2001 | Bovine (GA-treated) | – | Hydraulic simulator |
| Garcia Páez et al. | 2001 | Porcine (GA-treated) | – | Hydraulic simulator |
| Chang et al. | 2002 | Bovine (fixed with a naturally occurring cross-linking agent) | – | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Garcia Páez et al. | 2002 | Bovine (GA-treated) | – | Uniaxial and biaxial tensile loading |
| Garcia Páez et al. | 2002 | Porcine(GA-treated) | – | Uniaxial and biaxial tensile loading to rupture |
| Garcia Páez et al. | 2003 | Pig, calf, ostrich (GA-treated and Gore-Tex sutured) | – | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Sun et al. | 2004 | Bovine (GA-treated) | 10 cycles | Uniaxial and biaxial tensile cyclic loading |
| Mavrilas et al. | 2005 | Bovine (native and degraded) | Manual preloading | Uniaxial tensile cyclic loading |
| Liao et al. | 2005 | Bovine (native and GA-treated) | Prestretching | Biaxial tensile loading |
| Mirnajafi et al. | 2005 | Bovine (native and GA treated) | – | Flexural loading |
| Mirsadraee et al. | 2006 | Human (native and decellularized) | Loading–unloading cycles | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Martin-Maestro et al. | 2006 | Bovine and ostrich (GA treated) | Loading–unloading cycles | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Garcia Páez et al. | 2007 | Calf (GA-treated, polypropylene sutured and glued) | – | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Oswal et al | 2007 | Bovine (native, decellularized, GA-treated) | Preloading of 0.02 N | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Tedder et al. | 2009 | Porcine (native, GA-treated and PGG-treated) | 10 cycles | Cyclic biaxial tensile loading |
| SánchezArévalo et al. | 2010 | Bovine (lyophilized and GA-treated) | 10 cycles | Cyclic biaxial tensile loading |
| Mendoza-Novelo et al. | 2011 | Bovine (fresh and decellularized) | – | Uniaxial loading, stress relaxation |
| Pagoulatou et al. | 2012 | Bovine (fresh and decellularized) | – | Uniaxial loading |
| Arbeiter et al. | 2012 | Porcine (native and GA-treated) | – | Uniaxial tensile loading with different strain rates |
| Gauvin et al. | 2012 | Bovine and porcine (GA-treated) | 3 cycles | Cyclic biaxial tensile loading |
| Yamashita et al. | 2012 | Human (GA-treated) | – | Uniaxial loading |
| Gauvin et al. | 2012 | Bovine and porcine (GA-treated) | 3 cycles | Cyclic biaxial tensile loading |
| Chen et al. | 2012 | Bovine and donkey (GA-treated) | – | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Vinci et al. | 2013 | Human (decellularized and cryopreserved) | Loading–unloading cycles | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Bai et al. | 2013 | Bovine | – | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Hülsmann et al. | 2013 | Bovine (fresh, decellularized and GA-treated) | – | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Authors . | Year . | Specie(s) . | Preconditioning . | Testing . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hildebrandt et al. | 1969 | Canine (native) | Cyclic loading | Uniaxial and biaxial loading |
| Lee and Boughnerl | 1981 | Canine | Cyclic loading | Stress relaxation, creep |
| Wiegner et al. | 1981 | Canine (native) | Cyclic loading | Stress relaxation, creep, fracture |
| Reece et al. | 1982 | Bovine (native, GA-treated) | Cyclic loading | Stress relaxation, creep |
| Radjeman et al. | 1985 | Bovine | – | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Lee and Boughner | 1985 | Human and canine | Cyclic loading | Stress relaxation, creep, fracture |
| Trowbridge et al. | 1985 | Bovine (GA-treated) | Cyclic loading | Uniaxial tensile loading, stress relaxation |
| Lee et al. | 1987 | Human and canine | Cyclic loading | Stress relaxation, creep |
| Cohn et al. | 1987 | Human, bovine and canine | – | Uniaxial loading |
| Crofts and Trowbridge | 1988 | Bovine (native, GA-treated) | Cyclic loading | Uniaxial tensile loading, stress relaxation, creep |
| Lee et al. | 1989 | Bovine | – | Uniaxial loading |
| Naimark et al. | 1992 | Bovine, canine, porcine, ovine | Cyclic loading | Stress–strain response, stress relaxation, and forced vibration |
| Zioupos et al. | 1992 | Bovine | – | Inflation |
| Courtman et al. | 1994 | Bovine | Cyclic loading | Uniaxial loading |
| Pasquino et al. | 1994 | Bovine | – | Uniaxial loading |
| Duncan and Boughner | 1998 | Bovine (GA-treated) | Cyclic loading | Stress–strain, stress relaxation, creep |
| Langdon et al. | 1999 | Bovine (GA-treated) | Cyclic loading | Biaxial tensile loading |
| Sung et al. | 1999 | Porcine aortic valve (fixed with a naturally occurring cross-linking agent) | Cyclic loading | Stress relaxation + extension to fracture |
| Garcia Páez et al. | 2001 | Ostrich (GA-treated and sutured) | – | Hydraulic simulator |
| Garcia Páez et al. | 2001 | Bovine (GA-treated) | – | Hydraulic simulator |
| Garcia Páez et al. | 2001 | Porcine (GA-treated) | – | Hydraulic simulator |
| Chang et al. | 2002 | Bovine (fixed with a naturally occurring cross-linking agent) | – | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Garcia Páez et al. | 2002 | Bovine (GA-treated) | – | Uniaxial and biaxial tensile loading |
| Garcia Páez et al. | 2002 | Porcine(GA-treated) | – | Uniaxial and biaxial tensile loading to rupture |
| Garcia Páez et al. | 2003 | Pig, calf, ostrich (GA-treated and Gore-Tex sutured) | – | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Sun et al. | 2004 | Bovine (GA-treated) | 10 cycles | Uniaxial and biaxial tensile cyclic loading |
| Mavrilas et al. | 2005 | Bovine (native and degraded) | Manual preloading | Uniaxial tensile cyclic loading |
| Liao et al. | 2005 | Bovine (native and GA-treated) | Prestretching | Biaxial tensile loading |
| Mirnajafi et al. | 2005 | Bovine (native and GA treated) | – | Flexural loading |
| Mirsadraee et al. | 2006 | Human (native and decellularized) | Loading–unloading cycles | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Martin-Maestro et al. | 2006 | Bovine and ostrich (GA treated) | Loading–unloading cycles | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Garcia Páez et al. | 2007 | Calf (GA-treated, polypropylene sutured and glued) | – | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Oswal et al | 2007 | Bovine (native, decellularized, GA-treated) | Preloading of 0.02 N | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Tedder et al. | 2009 | Porcine (native, GA-treated and PGG-treated) | 10 cycles | Cyclic biaxial tensile loading |
| SánchezArévalo et al. | 2010 | Bovine (lyophilized and GA-treated) | 10 cycles | Cyclic biaxial tensile loading |
| Mendoza-Novelo et al. | 2011 | Bovine (fresh and decellularized) | – | Uniaxial loading, stress relaxation |
| Pagoulatou et al. | 2012 | Bovine (fresh and decellularized) | – | Uniaxial loading |
| Arbeiter et al. | 2012 | Porcine (native and GA-treated) | – | Uniaxial tensile loading with different strain rates |
| Gauvin et al. | 2012 | Bovine and porcine (GA-treated) | 3 cycles | Cyclic biaxial tensile loading |
| Yamashita et al. | 2012 | Human (GA-treated) | – | Uniaxial loading |
| Gauvin et al. | 2012 | Bovine and porcine (GA-treated) | 3 cycles | Cyclic biaxial tensile loading |
| Chen et al. | 2012 | Bovine and donkey (GA-treated) | – | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Vinci et al. | 2013 | Human (decellularized and cryopreserved) | Loading–unloading cycles | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Bai et al. | 2013 | Bovine | – | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Hülsmann et al. | 2013 | Bovine (fresh, decellularized and GA-treated) | – | Uniaxial tensile loading |
GA: glutaraldehyde.
Synoptic view of major procedures used for the mechanical assessment of pericardial samples
| Authors . | Year . | Specie(s) . | Preconditioning . | Testing . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hildebrandt et al. | 1969 | Canine (native) | Cyclic loading | Uniaxial and biaxial loading |
| Lee and Boughnerl | 1981 | Canine | Cyclic loading | Stress relaxation, creep |
| Wiegner et al. | 1981 | Canine (native) | Cyclic loading | Stress relaxation, creep, fracture |
| Reece et al. | 1982 | Bovine (native, GA-treated) | Cyclic loading | Stress relaxation, creep |
| Radjeman et al. | 1985 | Bovine | – | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Lee and Boughner | 1985 | Human and canine | Cyclic loading | Stress relaxation, creep, fracture |
| Trowbridge et al. | 1985 | Bovine (GA-treated) | Cyclic loading | Uniaxial tensile loading, stress relaxation |
| Lee et al. | 1987 | Human and canine | Cyclic loading | Stress relaxation, creep |
| Cohn et al. | 1987 | Human, bovine and canine | – | Uniaxial loading |
| Crofts and Trowbridge | 1988 | Bovine (native, GA-treated) | Cyclic loading | Uniaxial tensile loading, stress relaxation, creep |
| Lee et al. | 1989 | Bovine | – | Uniaxial loading |
| Naimark et al. | 1992 | Bovine, canine, porcine, ovine | Cyclic loading | Stress–strain response, stress relaxation, and forced vibration |
| Zioupos et al. | 1992 | Bovine | – | Inflation |
| Courtman et al. | 1994 | Bovine | Cyclic loading | Uniaxial loading |
| Pasquino et al. | 1994 | Bovine | – | Uniaxial loading |
| Duncan and Boughner | 1998 | Bovine (GA-treated) | Cyclic loading | Stress–strain, stress relaxation, creep |
| Langdon et al. | 1999 | Bovine (GA-treated) | Cyclic loading | Biaxial tensile loading |
| Sung et al. | 1999 | Porcine aortic valve (fixed with a naturally occurring cross-linking agent) | Cyclic loading | Stress relaxation + extension to fracture |
| Garcia Páez et al. | 2001 | Ostrich (GA-treated and sutured) | – | Hydraulic simulator |
| Garcia Páez et al. | 2001 | Bovine (GA-treated) | – | Hydraulic simulator |
| Garcia Páez et al. | 2001 | Porcine (GA-treated) | – | Hydraulic simulator |
| Chang et al. | 2002 | Bovine (fixed with a naturally occurring cross-linking agent) | – | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Garcia Páez et al. | 2002 | Bovine (GA-treated) | – | Uniaxial and biaxial tensile loading |
| Garcia Páez et al. | 2002 | Porcine(GA-treated) | – | Uniaxial and biaxial tensile loading to rupture |
| Garcia Páez et al. | 2003 | Pig, calf, ostrich (GA-treated and Gore-Tex sutured) | – | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Sun et al. | 2004 | Bovine (GA-treated) | 10 cycles | Uniaxial and biaxial tensile cyclic loading |
| Mavrilas et al. | 2005 | Bovine (native and degraded) | Manual preloading | Uniaxial tensile cyclic loading |
| Liao et al. | 2005 | Bovine (native and GA-treated) | Prestretching | Biaxial tensile loading |
| Mirnajafi et al. | 2005 | Bovine (native and GA treated) | – | Flexural loading |
| Mirsadraee et al. | 2006 | Human (native and decellularized) | Loading–unloading cycles | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Martin-Maestro et al. | 2006 | Bovine and ostrich (GA treated) | Loading–unloading cycles | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Garcia Páez et al. | 2007 | Calf (GA-treated, polypropylene sutured and glued) | – | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Oswal et al | 2007 | Bovine (native, decellularized, GA-treated) | Preloading of 0.02 N | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Tedder et al. | 2009 | Porcine (native, GA-treated and PGG-treated) | 10 cycles | Cyclic biaxial tensile loading |
| SánchezArévalo et al. | 2010 | Bovine (lyophilized and GA-treated) | 10 cycles | Cyclic biaxial tensile loading |
| Mendoza-Novelo et al. | 2011 | Bovine (fresh and decellularized) | – | Uniaxial loading, stress relaxation |
| Pagoulatou et al. | 2012 | Bovine (fresh and decellularized) | – | Uniaxial loading |
| Arbeiter et al. | 2012 | Porcine (native and GA-treated) | – | Uniaxial tensile loading with different strain rates |
| Gauvin et al. | 2012 | Bovine and porcine (GA-treated) | 3 cycles | Cyclic biaxial tensile loading |
| Yamashita et al. | 2012 | Human (GA-treated) | – | Uniaxial loading |
| Gauvin et al. | 2012 | Bovine and porcine (GA-treated) | 3 cycles | Cyclic biaxial tensile loading |
| Chen et al. | 2012 | Bovine and donkey (GA-treated) | – | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Vinci et al. | 2013 | Human (decellularized and cryopreserved) | Loading–unloading cycles | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Bai et al. | 2013 | Bovine | – | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Hülsmann et al. | 2013 | Bovine (fresh, decellularized and GA-treated) | – | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Authors . | Year . | Specie(s) . | Preconditioning . | Testing . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hildebrandt et al. | 1969 | Canine (native) | Cyclic loading | Uniaxial and biaxial loading |
| Lee and Boughnerl | 1981 | Canine | Cyclic loading | Stress relaxation, creep |
| Wiegner et al. | 1981 | Canine (native) | Cyclic loading | Stress relaxation, creep, fracture |
| Reece et al. | 1982 | Bovine (native, GA-treated) | Cyclic loading | Stress relaxation, creep |
| Radjeman et al. | 1985 | Bovine | – | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Lee and Boughner | 1985 | Human and canine | Cyclic loading | Stress relaxation, creep, fracture |
| Trowbridge et al. | 1985 | Bovine (GA-treated) | Cyclic loading | Uniaxial tensile loading, stress relaxation |
| Lee et al. | 1987 | Human and canine | Cyclic loading | Stress relaxation, creep |
| Cohn et al. | 1987 | Human, bovine and canine | – | Uniaxial loading |
| Crofts and Trowbridge | 1988 | Bovine (native, GA-treated) | Cyclic loading | Uniaxial tensile loading, stress relaxation, creep |
| Lee et al. | 1989 | Bovine | – | Uniaxial loading |
| Naimark et al. | 1992 | Bovine, canine, porcine, ovine | Cyclic loading | Stress–strain response, stress relaxation, and forced vibration |
| Zioupos et al. | 1992 | Bovine | – | Inflation |
| Courtman et al. | 1994 | Bovine | Cyclic loading | Uniaxial loading |
| Pasquino et al. | 1994 | Bovine | – | Uniaxial loading |
| Duncan and Boughner | 1998 | Bovine (GA-treated) | Cyclic loading | Stress–strain, stress relaxation, creep |
| Langdon et al. | 1999 | Bovine (GA-treated) | Cyclic loading | Biaxial tensile loading |
| Sung et al. | 1999 | Porcine aortic valve (fixed with a naturally occurring cross-linking agent) | Cyclic loading | Stress relaxation + extension to fracture |
| Garcia Páez et al. | 2001 | Ostrich (GA-treated and sutured) | – | Hydraulic simulator |
| Garcia Páez et al. | 2001 | Bovine (GA-treated) | – | Hydraulic simulator |
| Garcia Páez et al. | 2001 | Porcine (GA-treated) | – | Hydraulic simulator |
| Chang et al. | 2002 | Bovine (fixed with a naturally occurring cross-linking agent) | – | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Garcia Páez et al. | 2002 | Bovine (GA-treated) | – | Uniaxial and biaxial tensile loading |
| Garcia Páez et al. | 2002 | Porcine(GA-treated) | – | Uniaxial and biaxial tensile loading to rupture |
| Garcia Páez et al. | 2003 | Pig, calf, ostrich (GA-treated and Gore-Tex sutured) | – | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Sun et al. | 2004 | Bovine (GA-treated) | 10 cycles | Uniaxial and biaxial tensile cyclic loading |
| Mavrilas et al. | 2005 | Bovine (native and degraded) | Manual preloading | Uniaxial tensile cyclic loading |
| Liao et al. | 2005 | Bovine (native and GA-treated) | Prestretching | Biaxial tensile loading |
| Mirnajafi et al. | 2005 | Bovine (native and GA treated) | – | Flexural loading |
| Mirsadraee et al. | 2006 | Human (native and decellularized) | Loading–unloading cycles | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Martin-Maestro et al. | 2006 | Bovine and ostrich (GA treated) | Loading–unloading cycles | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Garcia Páez et al. | 2007 | Calf (GA-treated, polypropylene sutured and glued) | – | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Oswal et al | 2007 | Bovine (native, decellularized, GA-treated) | Preloading of 0.02 N | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Tedder et al. | 2009 | Porcine (native, GA-treated and PGG-treated) | 10 cycles | Cyclic biaxial tensile loading |
| SánchezArévalo et al. | 2010 | Bovine (lyophilized and GA-treated) | 10 cycles | Cyclic biaxial tensile loading |
| Mendoza-Novelo et al. | 2011 | Bovine (fresh and decellularized) | – | Uniaxial loading, stress relaxation |
| Pagoulatou et al. | 2012 | Bovine (fresh and decellularized) | – | Uniaxial loading |
| Arbeiter et al. | 2012 | Porcine (native and GA-treated) | – | Uniaxial tensile loading with different strain rates |
| Gauvin et al. | 2012 | Bovine and porcine (GA-treated) | 3 cycles | Cyclic biaxial tensile loading |
| Yamashita et al. | 2012 | Human (GA-treated) | – | Uniaxial loading |
| Gauvin et al. | 2012 | Bovine and porcine (GA-treated) | 3 cycles | Cyclic biaxial tensile loading |
| Chen et al. | 2012 | Bovine and donkey (GA-treated) | – | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Vinci et al. | 2013 | Human (decellularized and cryopreserved) | Loading–unloading cycles | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Bai et al. | 2013 | Bovine | – | Uniaxial tensile loading |
| Hülsmann et al. | 2013 | Bovine (fresh, decellularized and GA-treated) | – | Uniaxial tensile loading |
GA: glutaraldehyde.
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