TABLE 3 Open in new tab Odds ratios of...

	Age-sex adjusted	Model 1^b	Model 2^c
Work functioning impairment scale
7–13	Reference				Reference				Reference
14–20 (moderately impaired)	1.86	1.43	2.42	<.001	1.87	1.43	2.43	<.001	1.71	1.30	2.25	<.001
21–35 (severely impaired)	3.22	2.55	4.06	<.001 <.001^a	3.26	2.58	4.12	<.001 <.001^a	3.01	2.34	3.87	<.001 <.001^a
Symptoms affecting participants' ability to work
No problem	Reference				Reference				Reference
Pain-related problems	1.45	0.94	2.24	.092	1.42	0.92	2.20	.112	1.12	0.72	1.74	.623
Physical movement and mobility	3.13	1.99	4.94	<.001	3.23	2.04	5.11	<.001	2.34	1.46	3.75	<.001
Fatigue, loss of strength, appetite, fever	1.87	1.19	2.96	.007	1.87	1.18	2.96	.008	1.26	0.79	2.02	.336
Toileting and defecation	1.53	0.70	3.33	.282	1.40	0.64	3.06	.402	1.11	0.51	2.44	.791
Mental health problems	1.83	1.27	2.62	.001	1.87	1.30	2.70	.001	1.15	0.78	1.68	.482
Skin, hair, and cosmetic concerns	1.59	0.82	3.07	.172	1.60	0.82	3.11	.166	1.30	0.66	2.55	.441
Sleep	1.65	1.11	2.46	.013	1.62	1.08	2.41	.019	1.17	0.77	1.76	.460
Eye-related matters	1.62	1.01	2.60	.045	1.73	1.07	2.78	.024	1.38	0.85	2.23	.192
Nasal matters	1.65	0.51	5.33	.403	1.62	0.50	5.25	.424	1.31	0.40	4.29	.654
Hearing	1.05	0.25	4.34	.950	1.05	0.25	4.38	.946	0.82	0.19	3.46	.783
Other	1.00	0.58	1.74	.992	1.01	0.58	1.76	.970	0.83	0.47	1.45	.506

Age-sex adjusted

Model 1^b

Model 2^c

95% CI

Work functioning impairment scale

7–13

Reference

14–20 (moderately impaired)

1.86

1.43

2.42

<.001

1.87

1.43

2.43

<.001

1.71

1.30

2.25

<.001

21–35 (severely impaired)

3.22

2.55

4.06

<.001
<.001^a

3.26

2.58

4.12

<.001
<.001^a

3.01

2.34

3.87

<.001
<.001^a

Symptoms affecting participants' ability to work

No problem

Reference

Pain-related problems

1.45

0.94

2.24

.092

1.42

0.92

2.20

.112

1.12

0.72

1.74

.623

Physical movement and mobility

3.13

1.99

4.94

<.001

3.23

2.04

5.11

<.001

2.34

1.46

3.75

<.001

Fatigue, loss of strength, appetite, fever

1.87

1.19

2.96

.007

1.87

1.18

2.96

.008

1.26

0.79

2.02

.336

Toileting and defecation

1.53

0.70

3.33

.282

1.40

0.64

3.06

.402

1.11

0.51

2.44

.791

Mental health problems

1.83

1.27

2.62

.001

1.87

1.30

2.70

.001

1.15

0.78

1.68

.482

Skin, hair, and cosmetic concerns

1.59

0.82

3.07

.172

1.60

0.82

3.11

.166

1.30

0.66

2.55

.441

Sleep

1.65

1.11

2.46

.013

1.62

1.08

2.41

.019

1.17

0.77

1.76

.460

Eye-related matters

1.62

1.01

2.60

.045

1.73

1.07

2.78

.024

1.38

0.85

2.23

.192

Nasal matters

1.65

0.51

5.33

.403

1.62

0.50

5.25

.424

1.31

0.40

4.29

.654

Hearing

1.05

0.25

4.34

.950

1.05

0.25

4.38

.946

0.82

0.19

3.46

.783

Other

1.00

0.58

1.74

.992

1.01

0.58

1.76

.970

0.83

0.47

1.45

.506

	Age-sex adjusted	Model 1^b	Model 2^c
Work functioning impairment scale
7–13	Reference				Reference				Reference
14–20 (moderately impaired)	1.86	1.43	2.42	<.001	1.87	1.43	2.43	<.001	1.71	1.30	2.25	<.001
21–35 (severely impaired)	3.22	2.55	4.06	<.001 <.001^a	3.26	2.58	4.12	<.001 <.001^a	3.01	2.34	3.87	<.001 <.001^a
Symptoms affecting participants' ability to work
No problem	Reference				Reference				Reference
Pain-related problems	1.45	0.94	2.24	.092	1.42	0.92	2.20	.112	1.12	0.72	1.74	.623
Physical movement and mobility	3.13	1.99	4.94	<.001	3.23	2.04	5.11	<.001	2.34	1.46	3.75	<.001
Fatigue, loss of strength, appetite, fever	1.87	1.19	2.96	.007	1.87	1.18	2.96	.008	1.26	0.79	2.02	.336
Toileting and defecation	1.53	0.70	3.33	.282	1.40	0.64	3.06	.402	1.11	0.51	2.44	.791
Mental health problems	1.83	1.27	2.62	.001	1.87	1.30	2.70	.001	1.15	0.78	1.68	.482
Skin, hair, and cosmetic concerns	1.59	0.82	3.07	.172	1.60	0.82	3.11	.166	1.30	0.66	2.55	.441
Sleep	1.65	1.11	2.46	.013	1.62	1.08	2.41	.019	1.17	0.77	1.76	.460
Eye-related matters	1.62	1.01	2.60	.045	1.73	1.07	2.78	.024	1.38	0.85	2.23	.192
Nasal matters	1.65	0.51	5.33	.403	1.62	0.50	5.25	.424	1.31	0.40	4.29	.654
Hearing	1.05	0.25	4.34	.950	1.05	0.25	4.38	.946	0.82	0.19	3.46	.783
Other	1.00	0.58	1.74	.992	1.01	0.58	1.76	.970	0.83	0.47	1.45	.506

TABLE 3

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Odds ratios of experiencing food insecurity associated with WFun score and symptoms affecting participants' ability to work

	Age-sex adjusted				Model 1^b				Model 2^c
	OR	95% CI		P	OR	95% CI		P	OR	95% CI		P
Work functioning impairment scale
7–13	Reference				Reference				Reference
14–20 (moderately impaired)	1.86	1.43	2.42	<.001	1.87	1.43	2.43	<.001	1.71	1.30	2.25	<.001
21–35 (severely impaired)	3.22	2.55	4.06	<.001 <.001^a	3.26	2.58	4.12	<.001 <.001^a	3.01	2.34	3.87	<.001 <.001^a
Symptoms affecting participants' ability to work
No problem	Reference				Reference				Reference
Pain-related problems	1.45	0.94	2.24	.092	1.42	0.92	2.20	.112	1.12	0.72	1.74	.623
Physical movement and mobility	3.13	1.99	4.94	<.001	3.23	2.04	5.11	<.001	2.34	1.46	3.75	<.001
Fatigue, loss of strength, appetite, fever	1.87	1.19	2.96	.007	1.87	1.18	2.96	.008	1.26	0.79	2.02	.336
Toileting and defecation	1.53	0.70	3.33	.282	1.40	0.64	3.06	.402	1.11	0.51	2.44	.791
Mental health problems	1.83	1.27	2.62	.001	1.87	1.30	2.70	.001	1.15	0.78	1.68	.482
Skin, hair, and cosmetic concerns	1.59	0.82	3.07	.172	1.60	0.82	3.11	.166	1.30	0.66	2.55	.441
Sleep	1.65	1.11	2.46	.013	1.62	1.08	2.41	.019	1.17	0.77	1.76	.460
Eye-related matters	1.62	1.01	2.60	.045	1.73	1.07	2.78	.024	1.38	0.85	2.23	.192
Nasal matters	1.65	0.51	5.33	.403	1.62	0.50	5.25	.424	1.31	0.40	4.29	.654
Hearing	1.05	0.25	4.34	.950	1.05	0.25	4.38	.946	0.82	0.19	3.46	.783
Other	1.00	0.58	1.74	.992	1.01	0.58	1.76	.970	0.83	0.47	1.45	.506

	Age-sex adjusted				Model 1^b				Model 2^c
	OR	95% CI		P	OR	95% CI		P	OR	95% CI		P
Work functioning impairment scale
7–13	Reference				Reference				Reference
14–20 (moderately impaired)	1.86	1.43	2.42	<.001	1.87	1.43	2.43	<.001	1.71	1.30	2.25	<.001
21–35 (severely impaired)	3.22	2.55	4.06	<.001 <.001^a	3.26	2.58	4.12	<.001 <.001^a	3.01	2.34	3.87	<.001 <.001^a
Symptoms affecting participants' ability to work
No problem	Reference				Reference				Reference
Pain-related problems	1.45	0.94	2.24	.092	1.42	0.92	2.20	.112	1.12	0.72	1.74	.623
Physical movement and mobility	3.13	1.99	4.94	<.001	3.23	2.04	5.11	<.001	2.34	1.46	3.75	<.001
Fatigue, loss of strength, appetite, fever	1.87	1.19	2.96	.007	1.87	1.18	2.96	.008	1.26	0.79	2.02	.336
Toileting and defecation	1.53	0.70	3.33	.282	1.40	0.64	3.06	.402	1.11	0.51	2.44	.791
Mental health problems	1.83	1.27	2.62	.001	1.87	1.30	2.70	.001	1.15	0.78	1.68	.482
Skin, hair, and cosmetic concerns	1.59	0.82	3.07	.172	1.60	0.82	3.11	.166	1.30	0.66	2.55	.441
Sleep	1.65	1.11	2.46	.013	1.62	1.08	2.41	.019	1.17	0.77	1.76	.460
Eye-related matters	1.62	1.01	2.60	.045	1.73	1.07	2.78	.024	1.38	0.85	2.23	.192
Nasal matters	1.65	0.51	5.33	.403	1.62	0.50	5.25	.424	1.31	0.40	4.29	.654
Hearing	1.05	0.25	4.34	.950	1.05	0.25	4.38	.946	0.82	0.19	3.46	.783
Other	1.00	0.58	1.74	.992	1.01	0.58	1.76	.970	0.83	0.47	1.45	.506

P for trend.

The model included age, sex, marital status, job type, income, education, smoking, alcohol consumption, number of employees in the workplace, and the incidence rate of COVID-19 by prefecture at baseline.

The model included WFun and symptoms simultaneously, adjusting for age, sex, marital status, job type, income, education, smoking, alcohol consumption, number of employees in the workplace, and the incidence rate of COVID-19 by prefecture at baseline.

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