. | Overall . | electronic Frailty Index Category . | . | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
. | Fit . | Mild . | Moderate . | Severe . | P-value . | |
N | 4670 | 1865 | 1699 | 798 | 308 | |
Patient demographics | ||||||
Age (years) | 77 [71–84] | 72 [68–78] | 79 [72–85] | 81 [75–86] | 82 [78–88] | <.001 |
Female | 2014 (43%) | 645 (35%) | 784 (46%) | 406 (51%) | 179 (58%) | <.001 |
White | 3865 (83%) | 1419 (76%) | 1449 (85%) | 707 (89%) | 290 (94%) | <.001 |
Deprivation (SIMD 1st quintile) | 648 (14%) | 204 (11%) | 235 (14%) | 148 (19%) | 61 (20%) | <.001 |
Chest pain as presenting symptom | 3680 (82%) | 1567 (87%) | 1326 (81%) | 568 (74%) | 219 (73%) | <.001 |
Past medical history | ||||||
Ischaemic heart disease | 1989 (43%) | 418 (22%) | 805 (47%) | 522 (65%) | 244 (79%) | <.001 |
Myocardial infarction | 1061 (23%) | 213 (11%) | 434 (26%) | 287 (36%) | 127 (41%) | <.001 |
Heart failure | 772 (17%) | 68 (3.6%) | 274 (16%) | 288 (36%) | 142 (46%) | <.001 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 838 (18%) | 98 (5.3%) | 323 (19%) | 277 (35%) | 140 (45%) | <.001 |
Peripheral vascular disease | 558 (12%) | 73 (3.9%) | 227 (13%) | 173 (22%) | 85 (28%) | <.001 |
Diabetes mellitus | 1139 (24%) | 206 (11%) | 446 (26%) | 325 (41%) | 162 (53%) | <.001 |
Chronic kidney disease | 1249 (27%) | 286 (15%) | 494 (29%) | 331 (41%) | 138 (45%) | <.001 |
Hypertension | 2964 (63%) | 930 (50%) | 1029 (61%) | 497 (62%) | 187 (61%) | <.001 |
Dementia | 344 (7%) | 40 (2%) | 130 (7.7%) | 115 (14%) | 59 (19%) | <.001 |
Charlson comorbidity index >2 | 743 (16%) | 65 (3%) | 254 (15%) | 282 (35%) | 142 (46%) | <.001 |
Haematology and clinical chemistry | ||||||
Haemoglobin, g/L | 132 [118–145] | 139 [127–150] | 129 [116–143] | 124 [110–136] | 119 [106–131] | <.001 |
Estimated glomerular filtration rate, mL/min¶ | 70 [49–84] | 77 [65–89] | 68 [47–82] | 53 [36–72] | 48 [32–70] | <.001 |
Peak high sensitivity troponin I, ng/L (log) | ||||||
NSTEMI | 7.02 [5.24–8.63] | 7.10 [5.27–8.66] | 7.06 [5.32–8.67] | 6.92 [5.23–8.61] | 6.35 [4.66–8.18] | .02 |
STEMI | 9.86 [8.22–10.82] | 9.96 [8.35–10.82] | 9.85 [8.18–10.82] | 9.45 [7.94–10.82] | 9.71 [7.98–10.82] | .08 |
Clinical diagnosis | ||||||
NSTEMI | 3262 (70%) | 1075 (58%) | 1264 (74%) | 656 (82%) | 267 (87%) | <.001 |
STEMI | 1408 (30%) | 790 (42%) | 435 (26%) | 142 (18%) | 41 (13%) | |
Primary treating speciality | ||||||
Cardiology | 3146 (67%) | 1586 (85%) | 1097 (65%) | 364 (46%) | 99 (32%) | <.001 |
Medical therapy* | ||||||
Aspirin | 2587 (65%) | 1292 (76%) | 837 (59%) | 340 (54%) | 118 (52%) | <.001 |
P2Y12 inhibitor | 3020 (75%) | 1411 (83%) | 1044 (73%) | 420 (66%) | 145 (63%) | <.001 |
Dual antiplatelet therapy† | 2318 (58%) | 1208 (71%) | 736 (52%) | 281 (44%) | 93 (41%) | <.001 |
Anticoagulation‡ | 340 (9%) | 90 (5.3%) | 136 (9.5%) | 83 (13%) | 31 (14%) | <.001 |
ACE inhibitor or ARB | 2067 (52%) | 1061 (63%) | 695 (49%) | 248 (39%) | 63 (28%) | <.001 |
Beta-blocker | 2065 (52%) | 1013 (60%) | 677 (47%) | 294 (47%) | 81 (35%) | <.001 |
Lipid lowering therapy | 2544 (64%) | 1305 (77%) | 837 (59%) | 303 (48%) | 99 (43%) | <.001 |
Revascularisation | ||||||
Coronary angiography | 2654 (57%) | 1452 (78%) | 881 (52%) | 265 (33%) | 56 (18%) | <.001 |
Percutaneous coronary intervention | 1993 (43%) | 1138 (61%) | 622 (37%) | 195 (24%) | 38 (12%) | <.001 |
Coronary artery bypass grafting | 151 (3%) | 86 (5%) | 46 (3%) | 15 (2%) | <5 | <.001 |
. | Overall . | electronic Frailty Index Category . | . | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
. | Fit . | Mild . | Moderate . | Severe . | P-value . | |
N | 4670 | 1865 | 1699 | 798 | 308 | |
Patient demographics | ||||||
Age (years) | 77 [71–84] | 72 [68–78] | 79 [72–85] | 81 [75–86] | 82 [78–88] | <.001 |
Female | 2014 (43%) | 645 (35%) | 784 (46%) | 406 (51%) | 179 (58%) | <.001 |
White | 3865 (83%) | 1419 (76%) | 1449 (85%) | 707 (89%) | 290 (94%) | <.001 |
Deprivation (SIMD 1st quintile) | 648 (14%) | 204 (11%) | 235 (14%) | 148 (19%) | 61 (20%) | <.001 |
Chest pain as presenting symptom | 3680 (82%) | 1567 (87%) | 1326 (81%) | 568 (74%) | 219 (73%) | <.001 |
Past medical history | ||||||
Ischaemic heart disease | 1989 (43%) | 418 (22%) | 805 (47%) | 522 (65%) | 244 (79%) | <.001 |
Myocardial infarction | 1061 (23%) | 213 (11%) | 434 (26%) | 287 (36%) | 127 (41%) | <.001 |
Heart failure | 772 (17%) | 68 (3.6%) | 274 (16%) | 288 (36%) | 142 (46%) | <.001 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 838 (18%) | 98 (5.3%) | 323 (19%) | 277 (35%) | 140 (45%) | <.001 |
Peripheral vascular disease | 558 (12%) | 73 (3.9%) | 227 (13%) | 173 (22%) | 85 (28%) | <.001 |
Diabetes mellitus | 1139 (24%) | 206 (11%) | 446 (26%) | 325 (41%) | 162 (53%) | <.001 |
Chronic kidney disease | 1249 (27%) | 286 (15%) | 494 (29%) | 331 (41%) | 138 (45%) | <.001 |
Hypertension | 2964 (63%) | 930 (50%) | 1029 (61%) | 497 (62%) | 187 (61%) | <.001 |
Dementia | 344 (7%) | 40 (2%) | 130 (7.7%) | 115 (14%) | 59 (19%) | <.001 |
Charlson comorbidity index >2 | 743 (16%) | 65 (3%) | 254 (15%) | 282 (35%) | 142 (46%) | <.001 |
Haematology and clinical chemistry | ||||||
Haemoglobin, g/L | 132 [118–145] | 139 [127–150] | 129 [116–143] | 124 [110–136] | 119 [106–131] | <.001 |
Estimated glomerular filtration rate, mL/min¶ | 70 [49–84] | 77 [65–89] | 68 [47–82] | 53 [36–72] | 48 [32–70] | <.001 |
Peak high sensitivity troponin I, ng/L (log) | ||||||
NSTEMI | 7.02 [5.24–8.63] | 7.10 [5.27–8.66] | 7.06 [5.32–8.67] | 6.92 [5.23–8.61] | 6.35 [4.66–8.18] | .02 |
STEMI | 9.86 [8.22–10.82] | 9.96 [8.35–10.82] | 9.85 [8.18–10.82] | 9.45 [7.94–10.82] | 9.71 [7.98–10.82] | .08 |
Clinical diagnosis | ||||||
NSTEMI | 3262 (70%) | 1075 (58%) | 1264 (74%) | 656 (82%) | 267 (87%) | <.001 |
STEMI | 1408 (30%) | 790 (42%) | 435 (26%) | 142 (18%) | 41 (13%) | |
Primary treating speciality | ||||||
Cardiology | 3146 (67%) | 1586 (85%) | 1097 (65%) | 364 (46%) | 99 (32%) | <.001 |
Medical therapy* | ||||||
Aspirin | 2587 (65%) | 1292 (76%) | 837 (59%) | 340 (54%) | 118 (52%) | <.001 |
P2Y12 inhibitor | 3020 (75%) | 1411 (83%) | 1044 (73%) | 420 (66%) | 145 (63%) | <.001 |
Dual antiplatelet therapy† | 2318 (58%) | 1208 (71%) | 736 (52%) | 281 (44%) | 93 (41%) | <.001 |
Anticoagulation‡ | 340 (9%) | 90 (5.3%) | 136 (9.5%) | 83 (13%) | 31 (14%) | <.001 |
ACE inhibitor or ARB | 2067 (52%) | 1061 (63%) | 695 (49%) | 248 (39%) | 63 (28%) | <.001 |
Beta-blocker | 2065 (52%) | 1013 (60%) | 677 (47%) | 294 (47%) | 81 (35%) | <.001 |
Lipid lowering therapy | 2544 (64%) | 1305 (77%) | 837 (59%) | 303 (48%) | 99 (43%) | <.001 |
Revascularisation | ||||||
Coronary angiography | 2654 (57%) | 1452 (78%) | 881 (52%) | 265 (33%) | 56 (18%) | <.001 |
Percutaneous coronary intervention | 1993 (43%) | 1138 (61%) | 622 (37%) | 195 (24%) | 38 (12%) | <.001 |
Coronary artery bypass grafting | 151 (3%) | 86 (5%) | 46 (3%) | 15 (2%) | <5 | <.001 |
Presented as number (%), mean (±SD) or median [25th percentile, 75th percentile].
Abbreviations: SIMD = Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation, CCI = Charlson comorbidity index, ACE = Angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARB = Angiotensin receptor blocker; NSTEMI = non-ST elevation myocardial infarction; STEMI = ST-elevation myocardial infarction.
¶Value missing in 1469 patients.
*Restricted to those alive at 30-days post-discharge (overall = 4074; fit = 1707; mild = 1465; moderate = 660; severe = 242).
†Two medications from aspirin, clopidogrel, prasugrel and ticagrelor.
‡Includes warfarin or novel anticoagulants.
. | Overall . | electronic Frailty Index Category . | . | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
. | Fit . | Mild . | Moderate . | Severe . | P-value . | |
N | 4670 | 1865 | 1699 | 798 | 308 | |
Patient demographics | ||||||
Age (years) | 77 [71–84] | 72 [68–78] | 79 [72–85] | 81 [75–86] | 82 [78–88] | <.001 |
Female | 2014 (43%) | 645 (35%) | 784 (46%) | 406 (51%) | 179 (58%) | <.001 |
White | 3865 (83%) | 1419 (76%) | 1449 (85%) | 707 (89%) | 290 (94%) | <.001 |
Deprivation (SIMD 1st quintile) | 648 (14%) | 204 (11%) | 235 (14%) | 148 (19%) | 61 (20%) | <.001 |
Chest pain as presenting symptom | 3680 (82%) | 1567 (87%) | 1326 (81%) | 568 (74%) | 219 (73%) | <.001 |
Past medical history | ||||||
Ischaemic heart disease | 1989 (43%) | 418 (22%) | 805 (47%) | 522 (65%) | 244 (79%) | <.001 |
Myocardial infarction | 1061 (23%) | 213 (11%) | 434 (26%) | 287 (36%) | 127 (41%) | <.001 |
Heart failure | 772 (17%) | 68 (3.6%) | 274 (16%) | 288 (36%) | 142 (46%) | <.001 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 838 (18%) | 98 (5.3%) | 323 (19%) | 277 (35%) | 140 (45%) | <.001 |
Peripheral vascular disease | 558 (12%) | 73 (3.9%) | 227 (13%) | 173 (22%) | 85 (28%) | <.001 |
Diabetes mellitus | 1139 (24%) | 206 (11%) | 446 (26%) | 325 (41%) | 162 (53%) | <.001 |
Chronic kidney disease | 1249 (27%) | 286 (15%) | 494 (29%) | 331 (41%) | 138 (45%) | <.001 |
Hypertension | 2964 (63%) | 930 (50%) | 1029 (61%) | 497 (62%) | 187 (61%) | <.001 |
Dementia | 344 (7%) | 40 (2%) | 130 (7.7%) | 115 (14%) | 59 (19%) | <.001 |
Charlson comorbidity index >2 | 743 (16%) | 65 (3%) | 254 (15%) | 282 (35%) | 142 (46%) | <.001 |
Haematology and clinical chemistry | ||||||
Haemoglobin, g/L | 132 [118–145] | 139 [127–150] | 129 [116–143] | 124 [110–136] | 119 [106–131] | <.001 |
Estimated glomerular filtration rate, mL/min¶ | 70 [49–84] | 77 [65–89] | 68 [47–82] | 53 [36–72] | 48 [32–70] | <.001 |
Peak high sensitivity troponin I, ng/L (log) | ||||||
NSTEMI | 7.02 [5.24–8.63] | 7.10 [5.27–8.66] | 7.06 [5.32–8.67] | 6.92 [5.23–8.61] | 6.35 [4.66–8.18] | .02 |
STEMI | 9.86 [8.22–10.82] | 9.96 [8.35–10.82] | 9.85 [8.18–10.82] | 9.45 [7.94–10.82] | 9.71 [7.98–10.82] | .08 |
Clinical diagnosis | ||||||
NSTEMI | 3262 (70%) | 1075 (58%) | 1264 (74%) | 656 (82%) | 267 (87%) | <.001 |
STEMI | 1408 (30%) | 790 (42%) | 435 (26%) | 142 (18%) | 41 (13%) | |
Primary treating speciality | ||||||
Cardiology | 3146 (67%) | 1586 (85%) | 1097 (65%) | 364 (46%) | 99 (32%) | <.001 |
Medical therapy* | ||||||
Aspirin | 2587 (65%) | 1292 (76%) | 837 (59%) | 340 (54%) | 118 (52%) | <.001 |
P2Y12 inhibitor | 3020 (75%) | 1411 (83%) | 1044 (73%) | 420 (66%) | 145 (63%) | <.001 |
Dual antiplatelet therapy† | 2318 (58%) | 1208 (71%) | 736 (52%) | 281 (44%) | 93 (41%) | <.001 |
Anticoagulation‡ | 340 (9%) | 90 (5.3%) | 136 (9.5%) | 83 (13%) | 31 (14%) | <.001 |
ACE inhibitor or ARB | 2067 (52%) | 1061 (63%) | 695 (49%) | 248 (39%) | 63 (28%) | <.001 |
Beta-blocker | 2065 (52%) | 1013 (60%) | 677 (47%) | 294 (47%) | 81 (35%) | <.001 |
Lipid lowering therapy | 2544 (64%) | 1305 (77%) | 837 (59%) | 303 (48%) | 99 (43%) | <.001 |
Revascularisation | ||||||
Coronary angiography | 2654 (57%) | 1452 (78%) | 881 (52%) | 265 (33%) | 56 (18%) | <.001 |
Percutaneous coronary intervention | 1993 (43%) | 1138 (61%) | 622 (37%) | 195 (24%) | 38 (12%) | <.001 |
Coronary artery bypass grafting | 151 (3%) | 86 (5%) | 46 (3%) | 15 (2%) | <5 | <.001 |
. | Overall . | electronic Frailty Index Category . | . | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
. | Fit . | Mild . | Moderate . | Severe . | P-value . | |
N | 4670 | 1865 | 1699 | 798 | 308 | |
Patient demographics | ||||||
Age (years) | 77 [71–84] | 72 [68–78] | 79 [72–85] | 81 [75–86] | 82 [78–88] | <.001 |
Female | 2014 (43%) | 645 (35%) | 784 (46%) | 406 (51%) | 179 (58%) | <.001 |
White | 3865 (83%) | 1419 (76%) | 1449 (85%) | 707 (89%) | 290 (94%) | <.001 |
Deprivation (SIMD 1st quintile) | 648 (14%) | 204 (11%) | 235 (14%) | 148 (19%) | 61 (20%) | <.001 |
Chest pain as presenting symptom | 3680 (82%) | 1567 (87%) | 1326 (81%) | 568 (74%) | 219 (73%) | <.001 |
Past medical history | ||||||
Ischaemic heart disease | 1989 (43%) | 418 (22%) | 805 (47%) | 522 (65%) | 244 (79%) | <.001 |
Myocardial infarction | 1061 (23%) | 213 (11%) | 434 (26%) | 287 (36%) | 127 (41%) | <.001 |
Heart failure | 772 (17%) | 68 (3.6%) | 274 (16%) | 288 (36%) | 142 (46%) | <.001 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 838 (18%) | 98 (5.3%) | 323 (19%) | 277 (35%) | 140 (45%) | <.001 |
Peripheral vascular disease | 558 (12%) | 73 (3.9%) | 227 (13%) | 173 (22%) | 85 (28%) | <.001 |
Diabetes mellitus | 1139 (24%) | 206 (11%) | 446 (26%) | 325 (41%) | 162 (53%) | <.001 |
Chronic kidney disease | 1249 (27%) | 286 (15%) | 494 (29%) | 331 (41%) | 138 (45%) | <.001 |
Hypertension | 2964 (63%) | 930 (50%) | 1029 (61%) | 497 (62%) | 187 (61%) | <.001 |
Dementia | 344 (7%) | 40 (2%) | 130 (7.7%) | 115 (14%) | 59 (19%) | <.001 |
Charlson comorbidity index >2 | 743 (16%) | 65 (3%) | 254 (15%) | 282 (35%) | 142 (46%) | <.001 |
Haematology and clinical chemistry | ||||||
Haemoglobin, g/L | 132 [118–145] | 139 [127–150] | 129 [116–143] | 124 [110–136] | 119 [106–131] | <.001 |
Estimated glomerular filtration rate, mL/min¶ | 70 [49–84] | 77 [65–89] | 68 [47–82] | 53 [36–72] | 48 [32–70] | <.001 |
Peak high sensitivity troponin I, ng/L (log) | ||||||
NSTEMI | 7.02 [5.24–8.63] | 7.10 [5.27–8.66] | 7.06 [5.32–8.67] | 6.92 [5.23–8.61] | 6.35 [4.66–8.18] | .02 |
STEMI | 9.86 [8.22–10.82] | 9.96 [8.35–10.82] | 9.85 [8.18–10.82] | 9.45 [7.94–10.82] | 9.71 [7.98–10.82] | .08 |
Clinical diagnosis | ||||||
NSTEMI | 3262 (70%) | 1075 (58%) | 1264 (74%) | 656 (82%) | 267 (87%) | <.001 |
STEMI | 1408 (30%) | 790 (42%) | 435 (26%) | 142 (18%) | 41 (13%) | |
Primary treating speciality | ||||||
Cardiology | 3146 (67%) | 1586 (85%) | 1097 (65%) | 364 (46%) | 99 (32%) | <.001 |
Medical therapy* | ||||||
Aspirin | 2587 (65%) | 1292 (76%) | 837 (59%) | 340 (54%) | 118 (52%) | <.001 |
P2Y12 inhibitor | 3020 (75%) | 1411 (83%) | 1044 (73%) | 420 (66%) | 145 (63%) | <.001 |
Dual antiplatelet therapy† | 2318 (58%) | 1208 (71%) | 736 (52%) | 281 (44%) | 93 (41%) | <.001 |
Anticoagulation‡ | 340 (9%) | 90 (5.3%) | 136 (9.5%) | 83 (13%) | 31 (14%) | <.001 |
ACE inhibitor or ARB | 2067 (52%) | 1061 (63%) | 695 (49%) | 248 (39%) | 63 (28%) | <.001 |
Beta-blocker | 2065 (52%) | 1013 (60%) | 677 (47%) | 294 (47%) | 81 (35%) | <.001 |
Lipid lowering therapy | 2544 (64%) | 1305 (77%) | 837 (59%) | 303 (48%) | 99 (43%) | <.001 |
Revascularisation | ||||||
Coronary angiography | 2654 (57%) | 1452 (78%) | 881 (52%) | 265 (33%) | 56 (18%) | <.001 |
Percutaneous coronary intervention | 1993 (43%) | 1138 (61%) | 622 (37%) | 195 (24%) | 38 (12%) | <.001 |
Coronary artery bypass grafting | 151 (3%) | 86 (5%) | 46 (3%) | 15 (2%) | <5 | <.001 |
Presented as number (%), mean (±SD) or median [25th percentile, 75th percentile].
Abbreviations: SIMD = Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation, CCI = Charlson comorbidity index, ACE = Angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARB = Angiotensin receptor blocker; NSTEMI = non-ST elevation myocardial infarction; STEMI = ST-elevation myocardial infarction.
¶Value missing in 1469 patients.
*Restricted to those alive at 30-days post-discharge (overall = 4074; fit = 1707; mild = 1465; moderate = 660; severe = 242).
†Two medications from aspirin, clopidogrel, prasugrel and ticagrelor.
‡Includes warfarin or novel anticoagulants.
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