Subgroup analyses of the primary and secondary outcomes within individuals predicted to benefit from pravastatin (i.e. ‘treatment-favourable’ individuals with iHR < 1) and individuals predicted to have no benefit from pravastatin (i.e. ‘treatment-unfavourable’ individuals with iHR ≥ 1). Hazard differences (with 95% confidence intervals) and hazard ratios (with 95% confidence intervals corrected by Firth penalization) are reported, along with P-values for additive and multiplicative interaction tests, respectively
| Outcome . | ‘Treatment-favourable’ . | ‘Treatment-unfavourable’ . | Interaction test P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|
| . | Hazard differencea . | Hazard differencea . | Additive scale . |
| Primary outcome | −122.0 (−193.0 to −51.0) | 187.0 (2.2 to 372.0) | 0.002 |
| All-cause mortality | −38.6 (−93.3 to 16.1) | 226.0 (65.1 to 387.0) | 0.002 |
| Non-cardiovascular death | 3.3 (−35.4 to 41.9) | 135.0 (9.6 to 260.0) | 0.052 |
| Cardiovascular death | −41.9 (−80.5 to −3.3) | 90.9 (−10.0 to 192.0) | 0.014 |
| Fatal stroke | 3.6 (−9.2 to 16.4) | 44.1 (−4.1 to 92.3) | 0.109 |
| CHD death | −38.9 (−72.2 to −5.6) | 21.6 (−62.5 to 106.0) | 0.161 |
| Outcome . | ‘Treatment-favourable’ . | ‘Treatment-unfavourable’ . | Interaction test P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|
| . | Hazard differencea . | Hazard differencea . | Additive scale . |
| Primary outcome | −122.0 (−193.0 to −51.0) | 187.0 (2.2 to 372.0) | 0.002 |
| All-cause mortality | −38.6 (−93.3 to 16.1) | 226.0 (65.1 to 387.0) | 0.002 |
| Non-cardiovascular death | 3.3 (−35.4 to 41.9) | 135.0 (9.6 to 260.0) | 0.052 |
| Cardiovascular death | −41.9 (−80.5 to −3.3) | 90.9 (−10.0 to 192.0) | 0.014 |
| Fatal stroke | 3.6 (−9.2 to 16.4) | 44.1 (−4.1 to 92.3) | 0.109 |
| CHD death | −38.9 (−72.2 to −5.6) | 21.6 (−62.5 to 106.0) | 0.161 |
| . | Hazard ratio . | Hazard ratio . | Multiplicative scale . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Primary outcome | 0.78 (0.68 to 0.90) | 1.43 (1.01 to 2.05) | 0.002 |
| All-cause mortality | 0.88 (0.74 to 1.05) | 1.73 (1.18 to 2.58) | 0.002 |
| Non-cardiovascular death | 1.02 (0.80 to 1.31) | 1.72 (1.05 to 2.86) | 0.066 |
| Cardiovascular death | 0.76 (0.59 to 0.98) | 1.74 (0.95 to 3.30) | 0.011 |
| Fatal stroke | 1.23 (0.58 to 2.63) | 3.40 (0.91 to 18.17) | 0.198 |
| CHD death | 0.71 (0.53 to 0.95) | 1.20 (0.59 to 2.49) | 0.155 |
| . | Hazard ratio . | Hazard ratio . | Multiplicative scale . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Primary outcome | 0.78 (0.68 to 0.90) | 1.43 (1.01 to 2.05) | 0.002 |
| All-cause mortality | 0.88 (0.74 to 1.05) | 1.73 (1.18 to 2.58) | 0.002 |
| Non-cardiovascular death | 1.02 (0.80 to 1.31) | 1.72 (1.05 to 2.86) | 0.066 |
| Cardiovascular death | 0.76 (0.59 to 0.98) | 1.74 (0.95 to 3.30) | 0.011 |
| Fatal stroke | 1.23 (0.58 to 2.63) | 3.40 (0.91 to 18.17) | 0.198 |
| CHD death | 0.71 (0.53 to 0.95) | 1.20 (0.59 to 2.49) | 0.155 |
aHazard differences are expressed in events per 10 000 person-years.
Subgroup analyses of the primary and secondary outcomes within individuals predicted to benefit from pravastatin (i.e. ‘treatment-favourable’ individuals with iHR < 1) and individuals predicted to have no benefit from pravastatin (i.e. ‘treatment-unfavourable’ individuals with iHR ≥ 1). Hazard differences (with 95% confidence intervals) and hazard ratios (with 95% confidence intervals corrected by Firth penalization) are reported, along with P-values for additive and multiplicative interaction tests, respectively
| Outcome . | ‘Treatment-favourable’ . | ‘Treatment-unfavourable’ . | Interaction test P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|
| . | Hazard differencea . | Hazard differencea . | Additive scale . |
| Primary outcome | −122.0 (−193.0 to −51.0) | 187.0 (2.2 to 372.0) | 0.002 |
| All-cause mortality | −38.6 (−93.3 to 16.1) | 226.0 (65.1 to 387.0) | 0.002 |
| Non-cardiovascular death | 3.3 (−35.4 to 41.9) | 135.0 (9.6 to 260.0) | 0.052 |
| Cardiovascular death | −41.9 (−80.5 to −3.3) | 90.9 (−10.0 to 192.0) | 0.014 |
| Fatal stroke | 3.6 (−9.2 to 16.4) | 44.1 (−4.1 to 92.3) | 0.109 |
| CHD death | −38.9 (−72.2 to −5.6) | 21.6 (−62.5 to 106.0) | 0.161 |
| Outcome . | ‘Treatment-favourable’ . | ‘Treatment-unfavourable’ . | Interaction test P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|
| . | Hazard differencea . | Hazard differencea . | Additive scale . |
| Primary outcome | −122.0 (−193.0 to −51.0) | 187.0 (2.2 to 372.0) | 0.002 |
| All-cause mortality | −38.6 (−93.3 to 16.1) | 226.0 (65.1 to 387.0) | 0.002 |
| Non-cardiovascular death | 3.3 (−35.4 to 41.9) | 135.0 (9.6 to 260.0) | 0.052 |
| Cardiovascular death | −41.9 (−80.5 to −3.3) | 90.9 (−10.0 to 192.0) | 0.014 |
| Fatal stroke | 3.6 (−9.2 to 16.4) | 44.1 (−4.1 to 92.3) | 0.109 |
| CHD death | −38.9 (−72.2 to −5.6) | 21.6 (−62.5 to 106.0) | 0.161 |
| . | Hazard ratio . | Hazard ratio . | Multiplicative scale . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Primary outcome | 0.78 (0.68 to 0.90) | 1.43 (1.01 to 2.05) | 0.002 |
| All-cause mortality | 0.88 (0.74 to 1.05) | 1.73 (1.18 to 2.58) | 0.002 |
| Non-cardiovascular death | 1.02 (0.80 to 1.31) | 1.72 (1.05 to 2.86) | 0.066 |
| Cardiovascular death | 0.76 (0.59 to 0.98) | 1.74 (0.95 to 3.30) | 0.011 |
| Fatal stroke | 1.23 (0.58 to 2.63) | 3.40 (0.91 to 18.17) | 0.198 |
| CHD death | 0.71 (0.53 to 0.95) | 1.20 (0.59 to 2.49) | 0.155 |
| . | Hazard ratio . | Hazard ratio . | Multiplicative scale . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Primary outcome | 0.78 (0.68 to 0.90) | 1.43 (1.01 to 2.05) | 0.002 |
| All-cause mortality | 0.88 (0.74 to 1.05) | 1.73 (1.18 to 2.58) | 0.002 |
| Non-cardiovascular death | 1.02 (0.80 to 1.31) | 1.72 (1.05 to 2.86) | 0.066 |
| Cardiovascular death | 0.76 (0.59 to 0.98) | 1.74 (0.95 to 3.30) | 0.011 |
| Fatal stroke | 1.23 (0.58 to 2.63) | 3.40 (0.91 to 18.17) | 0.198 |
| CHD death | 0.71 (0.53 to 0.95) | 1.20 (0.59 to 2.49) | 0.155 |
aHazard differences are expressed in events per 10 000 person-years.
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