Table 7. Open in new tab ANOVA results...

Full model
HWK 80 °C 5 min (Intercept)	70% ethanol (Intercept)	128.014	4.801	26.664	<2e-16***
HWK 80 °C 6 h	Acetone	15.674	7.202	2.176	0.030*
KAA	80% ethanol	15.534	7.202	2.157	0.031*
KAA	Absolute ethanol	13.229	6.790	1.948	0.051
HWK 80 °C 5 min	Absolute ethanol	11.365	6.790	1.674	0.094.
KAA	Acetic alcohol	11.460	7.202	1.591	0.112
Absolute ethanol boiling	Acetic alcohol	9.576	7.202	1.330	0.184
KAA	70% ethanol	8.108	6.790	1.194	0.233
HWK 80 °C 6 h	Absolute ethanol	6.409	7.202	0.890	0.374
HWK 80 °C 5 min	Acetone	4.934	6.790	0.727	0.467
HWK 80 °C 5 min	80% ethanol	2.273	7.202	0.316	0.752
Absolute ethanol boiling	Absolute ethanol	1.529	6.790	0.225	0.822
KAA	AGA	1.435	6.790	0.211	0.833
HWK 80 °C 6 h	Acetic alcohol	0.469	7.202	0.065	0.948
Absolute ethanol boiling	Acetone	0.027	6.790	0.004	0.997
Acetic alcohol	Absolute ethanol	−3.714	6.790	−0.547	0.584
KAA	Acetone	−4.480	6.790	−0.660	0.509
HWK 80 °C 5 min	Acetic alcohol	−4.825	7.202	−0.670	0.503
HWK 80 °C 5 min	AGA	−5.093	6.790	−0.750	0.453
Acetic alcohol	80% ethanol	−6.796	7.202	−0.944	0.345
Acetic alcohol	70% ethanol	−12.913	6.790	−1.902	0.057.
HWK 80 °C 6 h	80% ethanol	−13.449	7.202	−1.867	0.062.
HWK 80 °C 6 h	AGA	−13.477	7.202	−1.871	0.061.
Absolute ethanol cold	Acetic alcohol	−14.584	7.202	−2.025	0.043*
Acetic alcohol	Acetic alcohol	−18.092	7.202	−2.512	0.012*
Absolute ethanol cold	Acetone	−20.400	6.790	−3.005	0.003**
Absolute ethanol cold	Absolute ethanol	−20.530	6.790	−3.023	0.003**
Acetic alcohol	Acetone	−23.426	6.790	−3.450	0.001***
Acetic alcohol	AGA	−24.355	6.790	−3.587	0.000***
Absolute ethanol boiling	80% ethanol	−26.138	7.202	−3.629	0.000***
Absolute ethanol boiling	AGA	−27.027	6.790	−3.981	0.000***
HWK 80 °C 6 h	70% ethanol	−28.153	7.202	−3.909	0.000***
Absolute ethanol boiling	70% ethanol	−33.922	6.790	−4.996	0.000***
Absolute ethanol cold	AGA	−43.756	6.790	−6.444	0.000***
Absolute ethanol cold	80% ethanol	−51.875	7.202	−7.203	0.000***
Absolute ethanol cold	70% ethanol	−67.832	6.790	−9.990	<2e-16***

Full model

Fixative fluid

Storage fluid

Estimate

Error

t value

Pr(>|t|)

HWK 80 °C 5 min (Intercept)

70% ethanol (Intercept)

128.014

4.801

26.664

<2e-16***

HWK 80 °C 6 h

Acetone

15.674

7.202

2.176

0.030*

KAA

80% ethanol

15.534

7.202

2.157

0.031*

KAA

Absolute ethanol

13.229

6.790

1.948

0.051

HWK 80 °C 5 min

Absolute ethanol

11.365

6.790

1.674

0.094.

KAA

Acetic alcohol

11.460

7.202

1.591

0.112

Absolute ethanol boiling

Acetic alcohol

9.576

7.202

1.330

0.184

KAA

70% ethanol

8.108

6.790

1.194

0.233

HWK 80 °C 6 h

Absolute ethanol

6.409

7.202

0.890

0.374

HWK 80 °C 5 min

Acetone

4.934

6.790

0.727

0.467

HWK 80 °C 5 min

80% ethanol

2.273

7.202

0.316

0.752

Absolute ethanol boiling

Absolute ethanol

1.529

6.790

0.225

0.822

KAA

AGA

1.435

6.790

0.211

0.833

HWK 80 °C 6 h

Acetic alcohol

0.469

7.202

0.065

0.948

Absolute ethanol boiling

Acetone

0.027

6.790

0.004

0.997

Acetic alcohol

Absolute ethanol

−3.714

6.790

−0.547

0.584

KAA

Acetone

−4.480

6.790

−0.660

0.509

HWK 80 °C 5 min

Acetic alcohol

−4.825

7.202

−0.670

0.503

HWK 80 °C 5 min

AGA

−5.093

6.790

−0.750

0.453

Acetic alcohol

80% ethanol

−6.796

7.202

−0.944

0.345

Acetic alcohol

70% ethanol

−12.913

6.790

−1.902

0.057.

HWK 80 °C 6 h

80% ethanol

−13.449

7.202

−1.867

0.062.

HWK 80 °C 6 h

AGA

−13.477

7.202

−1.871

0.061.

Absolute ethanol cold

Acetic alcohol

−14.584

7.202

−2.025

0.043*

Acetic alcohol

−18.092

7.202

−2.512

0.012*

Absolute ethanol cold

Acetone

−20.400

6.790

−3.005

0.003**

Absolute ethanol cold

Absolute ethanol

−20.530

6.790

−3.023

0.003**

Acetic alcohol

Acetone

−23.426

6.790

−3.450

0.001***

Acetic alcohol

AGA

−24.355

6.790

−3.587

0.000***

Absolute ethanol boiling

80% ethanol

−26.138

7.202

−3.629

0.000***

Absolute ethanol boiling

AGA

−27.027

6.790

−3.981

0.000***

HWK 80 °C 6 h

70% ethanol

−28.153

7.202

−3.909

0.000***

Absolute ethanol boiling

70% ethanol

−33.922

6.790

−4.996

0.000***

Absolute ethanol cold

AGA

−43.756

6.790

−6.444

0.000***

Absolute ethanol cold

80% ethanol

−51.875

7.202

−7.203

0.000***

Absolute ethanol cold

70% ethanol

−67.832

6.790

−9.990

<2e-16***

Full model
HWK 80 °C 5 min (Intercept)	70% ethanol (Intercept)	128.014	4.801	26.664	<2e-16***
HWK 80 °C 6 h	Acetone	15.674	7.202	2.176	0.030*
KAA	80% ethanol	15.534	7.202	2.157	0.031*
KAA	Absolute ethanol	13.229	6.790	1.948	0.051
HWK 80 °C 5 min	Absolute ethanol	11.365	6.790	1.674	0.094.
KAA	Acetic alcohol	11.460	7.202	1.591	0.112
Absolute ethanol boiling	Acetic alcohol	9.576	7.202	1.330	0.184
KAA	70% ethanol	8.108	6.790	1.194	0.233
HWK 80 °C 6 h	Absolute ethanol	6.409	7.202	0.890	0.374
HWK 80 °C 5 min	Acetone	4.934	6.790	0.727	0.467
HWK 80 °C 5 min	80% ethanol	2.273	7.202	0.316	0.752
Absolute ethanol boiling	Absolute ethanol	1.529	6.790	0.225	0.822
KAA	AGA	1.435	6.790	0.211	0.833
HWK 80 °C 6 h	Acetic alcohol	0.469	7.202	0.065	0.948
Absolute ethanol boiling	Acetone	0.027	6.790	0.004	0.997
Acetic alcohol	Absolute ethanol	−3.714	6.790	−0.547	0.584
KAA	Acetone	−4.480	6.790	−0.660	0.509
HWK 80 °C 5 min	Acetic alcohol	−4.825	7.202	−0.670	0.503
HWK 80 °C 5 min	AGA	−5.093	6.790	−0.750	0.453
Acetic alcohol	80% ethanol	−6.796	7.202	−0.944	0.345
Acetic alcohol	70% ethanol	−12.913	6.790	−1.902	0.057.
HWK 80 °C 6 h	80% ethanol	−13.449	7.202	−1.867	0.062.
HWK 80 °C 6 h	AGA	−13.477	7.202	−1.871	0.061.
Absolute ethanol cold	Acetic alcohol	−14.584	7.202	−2.025	0.043*
Acetic alcohol	Acetic alcohol	−18.092	7.202	−2.512	0.012*
Absolute ethanol cold	Acetone	−20.400	6.790	−3.005	0.003**
Absolute ethanol cold	Absolute ethanol	−20.530	6.790	−3.023	0.003**
Acetic alcohol	Acetone	−23.426	6.790	−3.450	0.001***
Acetic alcohol	AGA	−24.355	6.790	−3.587	0.000***
Absolute ethanol boiling	80% ethanol	−26.138	7.202	−3.629	0.000***
Absolute ethanol boiling	AGA	−27.027	6.790	−3.981	0.000***
HWK 80 °C 6 h	70% ethanol	−28.153	7.202	−3.909	0.000***
Absolute ethanol boiling	70% ethanol	−33.922	6.790	−4.996	0.000***
Absolute ethanol cold	AGA	−43.756	6.790	−6.444	0.000***
Absolute ethanol cold	80% ethanol	−51.875	7.202	−7.203	0.000***
Absolute ethanol cold	70% ethanol	−67.832	6.790	−9.990	<2e-16***

Table 7.

Open in new tab

ANOVA results with estimated parameters from the full GAM model. The first row represents the “golden standard” treatment, and the intercept value of the contrast luminosity (difference between dark and light areas) the other values are compared to. The “Estimate” column represents the difference between the intercept and the respective treatment, with values above zero signifying higher contrast and below zero lower contrast. The remaining columns test if that difference was statistically significant (*** = P ≤ 0.001, ** = P ≤ 0.01, * = P ≤ 0.05, . = ≤ 0.1). Results of the approximate significance of smooth terms are not shown, as they were all justified

Full model
Fixative fluid	Storage fluid	Estimate	Error	t value	Pr(>\|t\|)
HWK 80 °C 5 min (Intercept)	70% ethanol (Intercept)	128.014	4.801	26.664	<2e-16***
HWK 80 °C 6 h	Acetone	15.674	7.202	2.176	0.030*
KAA	80% ethanol	15.534	7.202	2.157	0.031*
KAA	Absolute ethanol	13.229	6.790	1.948	0.051
HWK 80 °C 5 min	Absolute ethanol	11.365	6.790	1.674	0.094.
KAA	Acetic alcohol	11.460	7.202	1.591	0.112
Absolute ethanol boiling	Acetic alcohol	9.576	7.202	1.330	0.184
KAA	70% ethanol	8.108	6.790	1.194	0.233
HWK 80 °C 6 h	Absolute ethanol	6.409	7.202	0.890	0.374
HWK 80 °C 5 min	Acetone	4.934	6.790	0.727	0.467
HWK 80 °C 5 min	80% ethanol	2.273	7.202	0.316	0.752
Absolute ethanol boiling	Absolute ethanol	1.529	6.790	0.225	0.822
KAA	AGA	1.435	6.790	0.211	0.833
HWK 80 °C 6 h	Acetic alcohol	0.469	7.202	0.065	0.948
Absolute ethanol boiling	Acetone	0.027	6.790	0.004	0.997
Acetic alcohol	Absolute ethanol	−3.714	6.790	−0.547	0.584
KAA	Acetone	−4.480	6.790	−0.660	0.509
HWK 80 °C 5 min	Acetic alcohol	−4.825	7.202	−0.670	0.503
HWK 80 °C 5 min	AGA	−5.093	6.790	−0.750	0.453
Acetic alcohol	80% ethanol	−6.796	7.202	−0.944	0.345
Acetic alcohol	70% ethanol	−12.913	6.790	−1.902	0.057.
HWK 80 °C 6 h	80% ethanol	−13.449	7.202	−1.867	0.062.
HWK 80 °C 6 h	AGA	−13.477	7.202	−1.871	0.061.
Absolute ethanol cold	Acetic alcohol	−14.584	7.202	−2.025	0.043*
Acetic alcohol	Acetic alcohol	−18.092	7.202	−2.512	0.012*
Absolute ethanol cold	Acetone	−20.400	6.790	−3.005	0.003**
Absolute ethanol cold	Absolute ethanol	−20.530	6.790	−3.023	0.003**
Acetic alcohol	Acetone	−23.426	6.790	−3.450	0.001***
Acetic alcohol	AGA	−24.355	6.790	−3.587	0.000***
Absolute ethanol boiling	80% ethanol	−26.138	7.202	−3.629	0.000***
Absolute ethanol boiling	AGA	−27.027	6.790	−3.981	0.000***
HWK 80 °C 6 h	70% ethanol	−28.153	7.202	−3.909	0.000***
Absolute ethanol boiling	70% ethanol	−33.922	6.790	−4.996	0.000***
Absolute ethanol cold	AGA	−43.756	6.790	−6.444	0.000***
Absolute ethanol cold	80% ethanol	−51.875	7.202	−7.203	0.000***
Absolute ethanol cold	70% ethanol	−67.832	6.790	−9.990	<2e-16***

Full model
Fixative fluid	Storage fluid	Estimate	Error	t value	Pr(>\|t\|)
HWK 80 °C 5 min (Intercept)	70% ethanol (Intercept)	128.014	4.801	26.664	<2e-16***
HWK 80 °C 6 h	Acetone	15.674	7.202	2.176	0.030*
KAA	80% ethanol	15.534	7.202	2.157	0.031*
KAA	Absolute ethanol	13.229	6.790	1.948	0.051
HWK 80 °C 5 min	Absolute ethanol	11.365	6.790	1.674	0.094.
KAA	Acetic alcohol	11.460	7.202	1.591	0.112
Absolute ethanol boiling	Acetic alcohol	9.576	7.202	1.330	0.184
KAA	70% ethanol	8.108	6.790	1.194	0.233
HWK 80 °C 6 h	Absolute ethanol	6.409	7.202	0.890	0.374
HWK 80 °C 5 min	Acetone	4.934	6.790	0.727	0.467
HWK 80 °C 5 min	80% ethanol	2.273	7.202	0.316	0.752
Absolute ethanol boiling	Absolute ethanol	1.529	6.790	0.225	0.822
KAA	AGA	1.435	6.790	0.211	0.833
HWK 80 °C 6 h	Acetic alcohol	0.469	7.202	0.065	0.948
Absolute ethanol boiling	Acetone	0.027	6.790	0.004	0.997
Acetic alcohol	Absolute ethanol	−3.714	6.790	−0.547	0.584
KAA	Acetone	−4.480	6.790	−0.660	0.509
HWK 80 °C 5 min	Acetic alcohol	−4.825	7.202	−0.670	0.503
HWK 80 °C 5 min	AGA	−5.093	6.790	−0.750	0.453
Acetic alcohol	80% ethanol	−6.796	7.202	−0.944	0.345
Acetic alcohol	70% ethanol	−12.913	6.790	−1.902	0.057.
HWK 80 °C 6 h	80% ethanol	−13.449	7.202	−1.867	0.062.
HWK 80 °C 6 h	AGA	−13.477	7.202	−1.871	0.061.
Absolute ethanol cold	Acetic alcohol	−14.584	7.202	−2.025	0.043*
Acetic alcohol	Acetic alcohol	−18.092	7.202	−2.512	0.012*
Absolute ethanol cold	Acetone	−20.400	6.790	−3.005	0.003**
Absolute ethanol cold	Absolute ethanol	−20.530	6.790	−3.023	0.003**
Acetic alcohol	Acetone	−23.426	6.790	−3.450	0.001***
Acetic alcohol	AGA	−24.355	6.790	−3.587	0.000***
Absolute ethanol boiling	80% ethanol	−26.138	7.202	−3.629	0.000***
Absolute ethanol boiling	AGA	−27.027	6.790	−3.981	0.000***
HWK 80 °C 6 h	70% ethanol	−28.153	7.202	−3.909	0.000***
Absolute ethanol boiling	70% ethanol	−33.922	6.790	−4.996	0.000***
Absolute ethanol cold	AGA	−43.756	6.790	−6.444	0.000***
Absolute ethanol cold	80% ethanol	−51.875	7.202	−7.203	0.000***
Absolute ethanol cold	70% ethanol	−67.832	6.790	−9.990	<2e-16***

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