| Study . | Treatment Comparison . | Follow-Up (mo) . | Participants . | No. of Participants With the Indicated Kellgren– Lawrence Grade . | Physical Therapist Intervention . | Outcome Measures . | Main Results . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. . | Age, y, Mean (SD) . | % Women . | BMI, Mean (SD) . | |||||||
| Başar et al33 (2021) | APM vs physical therapist | 2 and 6 | APM group: 48 Physical therapist group: 48 | APM group: 48.4 (5.3) Physical therapist group: 50.9 (4.5) | APM group: 54 Physical therapist group: 60 | APM group: 27.5 (2.7) Physical therapist group: 28.7 (2.2) | APM group: Grade 1 = 12 Grade 2 = 16 Grade 3 = 13 Physical therapist group: Grade 1 = 13 Grade 2 = 16 Grade 3 = 16 | Duration of 2 mo: Month 1: TENS and pulsed US (3 sessions/wk) Months 1 and 2: progressive neuromuscular and strength exercises (3 sessions/wk) | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: VAS, ROM, WOMAC | VAS and WOMAC: APM and physical therapist groups improved at 2 and 6 mo compared to baseline; no between-group differences at any time point ROM: the physical therapist group improved at 2 and 6 mo compared to baseline; however, APM group got worse at 2 and 6 mo compared to baseline; better ROM in physical therapist group than in APM group at 2 and 6 mo |
| Hall et al41 (2015) | APM vs APM plus physical therapist | 3 | APM group: 31 APM plus physical therapist group: 31 | APM group: 43.2 APM plus physical therapist group: 42.8 | APM group: 29 APM plus physical therapist group: 25.8 | APM group: 26.6 APM plus physical therapist group: 26.3 | APM group: Grade 0 = 12 Grade 1 = 12 Grade 2 = 7 APM plus physical therapist group: Grade 0 = 12 Grade 1 = 12 Grade 2 = 7 | Duration of 12 wk: Neuromuscular exercise program (8 sessions of 30–45 min) and home exercises (3 d/wk) | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: KOOS, isotonic KEMS and KFMS Other measures: 3D analysis, adverse effects | KOOS, KEMS, and KFMS: no improvements within group and no between-group differences |
| Herrlin et al37 (2007) | Physical therapist vs APM plus physical therapist | 2 and 6 | Physical therapist group: 43 APM plus physical therapist group: 47 | Physical therapist group: 55 (5.5) APM plus physical therapist group: 54 (4.6) | Physical therapist group: 37 APM plus physical therapist group: 40 | Physical therapist group: 26 (3.3) APM plus physical therapist group: 27 (3.9) | N/A | Duration of 2 mo: Supervised: strength, endurance, flexibility, proprioception, and balance exercises (2 sessions/wk) Unsupervised at home: daily single-limb and step-down exercises | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: VAS, KOOS, LKSS, TAS | VAS, KOOS, LKSS, and TAS: physical therapist and APM plus physical therapist groups improved at 2 and 6 mo compared to baseline; no between-group differences at any time point |
| Katz et al38 (2013) | Physical therapist vs APM plus physical therapist | 3, 6, 12, 24, and 60 | Physical therapist group: 169 APM plus physical therapist group: 161 | Physical therapist group: 57.8 APM plus physical therapist group: 59 | Physical therapist group: 57 APM plus physical therapist group: 56 | Physical therapist group: 30 APM plus physical therapist group: 30 | Physical therapist group: Grade 0 = 36 Grade 1 = 35 Grade 2 = 39 Grade 3 = 39 APM plus physical therapist group: Grade 0 = 34 Grade 1 = 26 Grade 2 = 37 Grade 3 = 45 | Duration of 6 wk: Cardiovascular, strengthening, and stretching exercises (1 or 2 sessions/wk) and home exercises | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: KOOS, WOMAC Other measures: QoL, adverse effects | KOOS and WOMAC: physical therapist and APM plus physical therapist groups improved from month 6 onward compared to baseline; no between-group differences at any time point |
| Kise et al34 (2016) | APM vs physical therapist | 3, 6, 24, and 60 | APM group: 70 Physical therapist group: 70 | APM group: 48.9 (6.1) Physical therapist group: 50.2 (6.2) | APM group: 38 Physical therapist group: 38 | APM group: 26 (3.7) Physical therapist group: 26.4 (4.3) | APM group: Grade 0 = 51 Grade 1 = 16 Grade 2 = 3 Grade 3 = 0 Physical therapist group: Grade 0 = 49 Grade 1 = 18 Grade 2 = 2 Grade 3 = 1 | Duration of 2 mo: Progressive neuromuscular and strength exercises (2or 3 sessions/wk) | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: KOOS, isotonic KEMS and KFMS Other measures: PP tests, QoL | KOOS: no between-group differences at any time point KEMS and KFMS: better KEMS and KFMS results in physical therapist group than in APM group at 3, 6, and 12 mo |
| Østerås et al35 (2012) | APM vs physical therapist | 3 | APM group: 8 Physical therapist group: 9 | N/A | Duration of 12 wk: aerobic, coordination, strengthening, and pain reduction exercises (3 sessions/wk) | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: VAS, KOOS, 5RM KEMS Other measures: HADS | VAS, KOOS, and KEMS: physical therapist and APM groups improved at month 3 compared to baseline; no between-group differences except for KOOS-QoL (better scores at 3 mo in physical therapist group) | |||
| Osteras et al42 (2014) | APM vs APM plus physical therapist | 3 and 12 | APM group: 39 APM plus physical therapist group: 38 | N/A | Duration of 12 wk: aerobic, coordination, strengthening, and functional exercises (3 sessions/wk) | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: VAS, KOOS, 5RM KEMS Other measures: HADS, PP test | VAS, KOOS, and KEMS: better results in APM plus physical therapist group than in APM group at 3 and 12 mo | |||
| Stensrud et al39 (2015) | Physical therapist vs APM plus physical therapist | 3 | Physical therapist group: 40 APM plus physical therapist group: 42 | Physical therapist group: 49.2 (6.4) APM plus physical therapist group: 54.9 (10.3) | Physical therapist group: 32.5 APM plus physical therapist group: 38 | Physical therapist group: 26.9 (4.1) APM plus physical therapist group: 26.3 (3.6) | Physical therapist group: Grade 1 = 30 Grade 2 = 8 Grade 3 = 2 APM plus physical therapist group: Grade 1 = 30 Grade 2 = 10 Grade 3 = 2 | Duration of 3 mo: progressive strength and neuromuscular exercises (2 or 3 sessions/wk of 60 min) | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: isokinetic KEMS and KFMS Other measures: GRC, PP tests | KEMS and KFMS: better KEMS and KFMS results in physical therapist group than in APM plus physical therapist group at 3 mo |
| van de Graaf et al36 (2018) | APM vs physical therapist | 3, 6, 12, 24, and 60 | Physical therapist group: 161 APM group: 158 | Physical therapist group: 57.3 (6.8) APM group: 57.6 (6.5) | Physical therapist group: 50 APM group: 51 | Physical therapist group: <25 for 33% and > 30 for 26% APM group: <25 for 35% and > 30 for 19% | Physical therapist group: Grade 0 = 16 Grade 1 = 81 Grade 2 = 59 Grade 3 = 5 APM group: Grade 0 = 19 Grade 1 = 85 Grade 2 = 48 Grade 3 = 6 | Duration of 2 mo: cardiovascular, coordination/balance, and closed kinetic chain strength exercises (16 sessions of 30 min) | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: VAS, IKDC, TAS Other measures: QoL | VAS, IKDC, and TAS: physical therapist and APM groups improved at month 3 onward compared to baseline; no between-group differences at any time point |
| Yim et al40 (2013) | Physical therapist vs APM plus physical therapist | 3, 6, 12, and 24 | Physical therapist group: 52 APM plus physical therapist group: 50 | Physical therapist group: 57.6 (11.0) APM plus physical therapist group: 54.9 (10.3) | Physical therapist group: 77 APM plus physical therapist group: 82 | Physical therapist group: 26.4 (1.9) APM plus physical therapist group: 25.0 (2.5) | Physical therapist group: Grade 0 = 35 Grade 1 = 17 APM plus physical therapist group: Grade 0 = 39 Grade 1 = 11 | Duration of 11 wk: Weeks 1–3: supervised strength, endurance, and flexibility exercise (3 sessions/wk of 60 min) Weeks 4–11: daily unsupervised isotonic and isometric home exercises | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: VAS, LKSS, TAS Other measures: satisfaction | VAS: higher pain reductions at Month 6 in physical therapist group but no between-group differences at Month 24 LKSS and TAS: physical therapist and APM plus physical therapist groups improved at Month 3 onward compared to baseline; no between-group differences at any time point |
| Study . | Treatment Comparison . | Follow-Up (mo) . | Participants . | No. of Participants With the Indicated Kellgren– Lawrence Grade . | Physical Therapist Intervention . | Outcome Measures . | Main Results . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. . | Age, y, Mean (SD) . | % Women . | BMI, Mean (SD) . | |||||||
| Başar et al33 (2021) | APM vs physical therapist | 2 and 6 | APM group: 48 Physical therapist group: 48 | APM group: 48.4 (5.3) Physical therapist group: 50.9 (4.5) | APM group: 54 Physical therapist group: 60 | APM group: 27.5 (2.7) Physical therapist group: 28.7 (2.2) | APM group: Grade 1 = 12 Grade 2 = 16 Grade 3 = 13 Physical therapist group: Grade 1 = 13 Grade 2 = 16 Grade 3 = 16 | Duration of 2 mo: Month 1: TENS and pulsed US (3 sessions/wk) Months 1 and 2: progressive neuromuscular and strength exercises (3 sessions/wk) | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: VAS, ROM, WOMAC | VAS and WOMAC: APM and physical therapist groups improved at 2 and 6 mo compared to baseline; no between-group differences at any time point ROM: the physical therapist group improved at 2 and 6 mo compared to baseline; however, APM group got worse at 2 and 6 mo compared to baseline; better ROM in physical therapist group than in APM group at 2 and 6 mo |
| Hall et al41 (2015) | APM vs APM plus physical therapist | 3 | APM group: 31 APM plus physical therapist group: 31 | APM group: 43.2 APM plus physical therapist group: 42.8 | APM group: 29 APM plus physical therapist group: 25.8 | APM group: 26.6 APM plus physical therapist group: 26.3 | APM group: Grade 0 = 12 Grade 1 = 12 Grade 2 = 7 APM plus physical therapist group: Grade 0 = 12 Grade 1 = 12 Grade 2 = 7 | Duration of 12 wk: Neuromuscular exercise program (8 sessions of 30–45 min) and home exercises (3 d/wk) | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: KOOS, isotonic KEMS and KFMS Other measures: 3D analysis, adverse effects | KOOS, KEMS, and KFMS: no improvements within group and no between-group differences |
| Herrlin et al37 (2007) | Physical therapist vs APM plus physical therapist | 2 and 6 | Physical therapist group: 43 APM plus physical therapist group: 47 | Physical therapist group: 55 (5.5) APM plus physical therapist group: 54 (4.6) | Physical therapist group: 37 APM plus physical therapist group: 40 | Physical therapist group: 26 (3.3) APM plus physical therapist group: 27 (3.9) | N/A | Duration of 2 mo: Supervised: strength, endurance, flexibility, proprioception, and balance exercises (2 sessions/wk) Unsupervised at home: daily single-limb and step-down exercises | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: VAS, KOOS, LKSS, TAS | VAS, KOOS, LKSS, and TAS: physical therapist and APM plus physical therapist groups improved at 2 and 6 mo compared to baseline; no between-group differences at any time point |
| Katz et al38 (2013) | Physical therapist vs APM plus physical therapist | 3, 6, 12, 24, and 60 | Physical therapist group: 169 APM plus physical therapist group: 161 | Physical therapist group: 57.8 APM plus physical therapist group: 59 | Physical therapist group: 57 APM plus physical therapist group: 56 | Physical therapist group: 30 APM plus physical therapist group: 30 | Physical therapist group: Grade 0 = 36 Grade 1 = 35 Grade 2 = 39 Grade 3 = 39 APM plus physical therapist group: Grade 0 = 34 Grade 1 = 26 Grade 2 = 37 Grade 3 = 45 | Duration of 6 wk: Cardiovascular, strengthening, and stretching exercises (1 or 2 sessions/wk) and home exercises | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: KOOS, WOMAC Other measures: QoL, adverse effects | KOOS and WOMAC: physical therapist and APM plus physical therapist groups improved from month 6 onward compared to baseline; no between-group differences at any time point |
| Kise et al34 (2016) | APM vs physical therapist | 3, 6, 24, and 60 | APM group: 70 Physical therapist group: 70 | APM group: 48.9 (6.1) Physical therapist group: 50.2 (6.2) | APM group: 38 Physical therapist group: 38 | APM group: 26 (3.7) Physical therapist group: 26.4 (4.3) | APM group: Grade 0 = 51 Grade 1 = 16 Grade 2 = 3 Grade 3 = 0 Physical therapist group: Grade 0 = 49 Grade 1 = 18 Grade 2 = 2 Grade 3 = 1 | Duration of 2 mo: Progressive neuromuscular and strength exercises (2or 3 sessions/wk) | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: KOOS, isotonic KEMS and KFMS Other measures: PP tests, QoL | KOOS: no between-group differences at any time point KEMS and KFMS: better KEMS and KFMS results in physical therapist group than in APM group at 3, 6, and 12 mo |
| Østerås et al35 (2012) | APM vs physical therapist | 3 | APM group: 8 Physical therapist group: 9 | N/A | Duration of 12 wk: aerobic, coordination, strengthening, and pain reduction exercises (3 sessions/wk) | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: VAS, KOOS, 5RM KEMS Other measures: HADS | VAS, KOOS, and KEMS: physical therapist and APM groups improved at month 3 compared to baseline; no between-group differences except for KOOS-QoL (better scores at 3 mo in physical therapist group) | |||
| Osteras et al42 (2014) | APM vs APM plus physical therapist | 3 and 12 | APM group: 39 APM plus physical therapist group: 38 | N/A | Duration of 12 wk: aerobic, coordination, strengthening, and functional exercises (3 sessions/wk) | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: VAS, KOOS, 5RM KEMS Other measures: HADS, PP test | VAS, KOOS, and KEMS: better results in APM plus physical therapist group than in APM group at 3 and 12 mo | |||
| Stensrud et al39 (2015) | Physical therapist vs APM plus physical therapist | 3 | Physical therapist group: 40 APM plus physical therapist group: 42 | Physical therapist group: 49.2 (6.4) APM plus physical therapist group: 54.9 (10.3) | Physical therapist group: 32.5 APM plus physical therapist group: 38 | Physical therapist group: 26.9 (4.1) APM plus physical therapist group: 26.3 (3.6) | Physical therapist group: Grade 1 = 30 Grade 2 = 8 Grade 3 = 2 APM plus physical therapist group: Grade 1 = 30 Grade 2 = 10 Grade 3 = 2 | Duration of 3 mo: progressive strength and neuromuscular exercises (2 or 3 sessions/wk of 60 min) | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: isokinetic KEMS and KFMS Other measures: GRC, PP tests | KEMS and KFMS: better KEMS and KFMS results in physical therapist group than in APM plus physical therapist group at 3 mo |
| van de Graaf et al36 (2018) | APM vs physical therapist | 3, 6, 12, 24, and 60 | Physical therapist group: 161 APM group: 158 | Physical therapist group: 57.3 (6.8) APM group: 57.6 (6.5) | Physical therapist group: 50 APM group: 51 | Physical therapist group: <25 for 33% and > 30 for 26% APM group: <25 for 35% and > 30 for 19% | Physical therapist group: Grade 0 = 16 Grade 1 = 81 Grade 2 = 59 Grade 3 = 5 APM group: Grade 0 = 19 Grade 1 = 85 Grade 2 = 48 Grade 3 = 6 | Duration of 2 mo: cardiovascular, coordination/balance, and closed kinetic chain strength exercises (16 sessions of 30 min) | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: VAS, IKDC, TAS Other measures: QoL | VAS, IKDC, and TAS: physical therapist and APM groups improved at month 3 onward compared to baseline; no between-group differences at any time point |
| Yim et al40 (2013) | Physical therapist vs APM plus physical therapist | 3, 6, 12, and 24 | Physical therapist group: 52 APM plus physical therapist group: 50 | Physical therapist group: 57.6 (11.0) APM plus physical therapist group: 54.9 (10.3) | Physical therapist group: 77 APM plus physical therapist group: 82 | Physical therapist group: 26.4 (1.9) APM plus physical therapist group: 25.0 (2.5) | Physical therapist group: Grade 0 = 35 Grade 1 = 17 APM plus physical therapist group: Grade 0 = 39 Grade 1 = 11 | Duration of 11 wk: Weeks 1–3: supervised strength, endurance, and flexibility exercise (3 sessions/wk of 60 min) Weeks 4–11: daily unsupervised isotonic and isometric home exercises | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: VAS, LKSS, TAS Other measures: satisfaction | VAS: higher pain reductions at Month 6 in physical therapist group but no between-group differences at Month 24 LKSS and TAS: physical therapist and APM plus physical therapist groups improved at Month 3 onward compared to baseline; no between-group differences at any time point |
3D = 3-dimensional; 5RM = 5-repetition maximum; APM = arthroscopic partial meniscectomy; BMI = body mass index; GRC = Global Rating of Change; HADS = Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; IKDC = Subjective Knee Form of the International Knee Documentation Committee; KEMS = knee extension muscle strength; KFMS = knee flexion muscle strength; KOOS = Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score; KOOS-QoL = KOOS quality of life subscale; LKSS = Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale; N/A = not available; PP = physical performance; QoL = quality of life; ROM = range of motion; TAS = Tegner Activity Scale; TENS = transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation; US = ultrasound; VAS = visual analog scale; WOMAC = Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index.
| Study . | Treatment Comparison . | Follow-Up (mo) . | Participants . | No. of Participants With the Indicated Kellgren– Lawrence Grade . | Physical Therapist Intervention . | Outcome Measures . | Main Results . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. . | Age, y, Mean (SD) . | % Women . | BMI, Mean (SD) . | |||||||
| Başar et al33 (2021) | APM vs physical therapist | 2 and 6 | APM group: 48 Physical therapist group: 48 | APM group: 48.4 (5.3) Physical therapist group: 50.9 (4.5) | APM group: 54 Physical therapist group: 60 | APM group: 27.5 (2.7) Physical therapist group: 28.7 (2.2) | APM group: Grade 1 = 12 Grade 2 = 16 Grade 3 = 13 Physical therapist group: Grade 1 = 13 Grade 2 = 16 Grade 3 = 16 | Duration of 2 mo: Month 1: TENS and pulsed US (3 sessions/wk) Months 1 and 2: progressive neuromuscular and strength exercises (3 sessions/wk) | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: VAS, ROM, WOMAC | VAS and WOMAC: APM and physical therapist groups improved at 2 and 6 mo compared to baseline; no between-group differences at any time point ROM: the physical therapist group improved at 2 and 6 mo compared to baseline; however, APM group got worse at 2 and 6 mo compared to baseline; better ROM in physical therapist group than in APM group at 2 and 6 mo |
| Hall et al41 (2015) | APM vs APM plus physical therapist | 3 | APM group: 31 APM plus physical therapist group: 31 | APM group: 43.2 APM plus physical therapist group: 42.8 | APM group: 29 APM plus physical therapist group: 25.8 | APM group: 26.6 APM plus physical therapist group: 26.3 | APM group: Grade 0 = 12 Grade 1 = 12 Grade 2 = 7 APM plus physical therapist group: Grade 0 = 12 Grade 1 = 12 Grade 2 = 7 | Duration of 12 wk: Neuromuscular exercise program (8 sessions of 30–45 min) and home exercises (3 d/wk) | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: KOOS, isotonic KEMS and KFMS Other measures: 3D analysis, adverse effects | KOOS, KEMS, and KFMS: no improvements within group and no between-group differences |
| Herrlin et al37 (2007) | Physical therapist vs APM plus physical therapist | 2 and 6 | Physical therapist group: 43 APM plus physical therapist group: 47 | Physical therapist group: 55 (5.5) APM plus physical therapist group: 54 (4.6) | Physical therapist group: 37 APM plus physical therapist group: 40 | Physical therapist group: 26 (3.3) APM plus physical therapist group: 27 (3.9) | N/A | Duration of 2 mo: Supervised: strength, endurance, flexibility, proprioception, and balance exercises (2 sessions/wk) Unsupervised at home: daily single-limb and step-down exercises | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: VAS, KOOS, LKSS, TAS | VAS, KOOS, LKSS, and TAS: physical therapist and APM plus physical therapist groups improved at 2 and 6 mo compared to baseline; no between-group differences at any time point |
| Katz et al38 (2013) | Physical therapist vs APM plus physical therapist | 3, 6, 12, 24, and 60 | Physical therapist group: 169 APM plus physical therapist group: 161 | Physical therapist group: 57.8 APM plus physical therapist group: 59 | Physical therapist group: 57 APM plus physical therapist group: 56 | Physical therapist group: 30 APM plus physical therapist group: 30 | Physical therapist group: Grade 0 = 36 Grade 1 = 35 Grade 2 = 39 Grade 3 = 39 APM plus physical therapist group: Grade 0 = 34 Grade 1 = 26 Grade 2 = 37 Grade 3 = 45 | Duration of 6 wk: Cardiovascular, strengthening, and stretching exercises (1 or 2 sessions/wk) and home exercises | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: KOOS, WOMAC Other measures: QoL, adverse effects | KOOS and WOMAC: physical therapist and APM plus physical therapist groups improved from month 6 onward compared to baseline; no between-group differences at any time point |
| Kise et al34 (2016) | APM vs physical therapist | 3, 6, 24, and 60 | APM group: 70 Physical therapist group: 70 | APM group: 48.9 (6.1) Physical therapist group: 50.2 (6.2) | APM group: 38 Physical therapist group: 38 | APM group: 26 (3.7) Physical therapist group: 26.4 (4.3) | APM group: Grade 0 = 51 Grade 1 = 16 Grade 2 = 3 Grade 3 = 0 Physical therapist group: Grade 0 = 49 Grade 1 = 18 Grade 2 = 2 Grade 3 = 1 | Duration of 2 mo: Progressive neuromuscular and strength exercises (2or 3 sessions/wk) | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: KOOS, isotonic KEMS and KFMS Other measures: PP tests, QoL | KOOS: no between-group differences at any time point KEMS and KFMS: better KEMS and KFMS results in physical therapist group than in APM group at 3, 6, and 12 mo |
| Østerås et al35 (2012) | APM vs physical therapist | 3 | APM group: 8 Physical therapist group: 9 | N/A | Duration of 12 wk: aerobic, coordination, strengthening, and pain reduction exercises (3 sessions/wk) | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: VAS, KOOS, 5RM KEMS Other measures: HADS | VAS, KOOS, and KEMS: physical therapist and APM groups improved at month 3 compared to baseline; no between-group differences except for KOOS-QoL (better scores at 3 mo in physical therapist group) | |||
| Osteras et al42 (2014) | APM vs APM plus physical therapist | 3 and 12 | APM group: 39 APM plus physical therapist group: 38 | N/A | Duration of 12 wk: aerobic, coordination, strengthening, and functional exercises (3 sessions/wk) | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: VAS, KOOS, 5RM KEMS Other measures: HADS, PP test | VAS, KOOS, and KEMS: better results in APM plus physical therapist group than in APM group at 3 and 12 mo | |||
| Stensrud et al39 (2015) | Physical therapist vs APM plus physical therapist | 3 | Physical therapist group: 40 APM plus physical therapist group: 42 | Physical therapist group: 49.2 (6.4) APM plus physical therapist group: 54.9 (10.3) | Physical therapist group: 32.5 APM plus physical therapist group: 38 | Physical therapist group: 26.9 (4.1) APM plus physical therapist group: 26.3 (3.6) | Physical therapist group: Grade 1 = 30 Grade 2 = 8 Grade 3 = 2 APM plus physical therapist group: Grade 1 = 30 Grade 2 = 10 Grade 3 = 2 | Duration of 3 mo: progressive strength and neuromuscular exercises (2 or 3 sessions/wk of 60 min) | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: isokinetic KEMS and KFMS Other measures: GRC, PP tests | KEMS and KFMS: better KEMS and KFMS results in physical therapist group than in APM plus physical therapist group at 3 mo |
| van de Graaf et al36 (2018) | APM vs physical therapist | 3, 6, 12, 24, and 60 | Physical therapist group: 161 APM group: 158 | Physical therapist group: 57.3 (6.8) APM group: 57.6 (6.5) | Physical therapist group: 50 APM group: 51 | Physical therapist group: <25 for 33% and > 30 for 26% APM group: <25 for 35% and > 30 for 19% | Physical therapist group: Grade 0 = 16 Grade 1 = 81 Grade 2 = 59 Grade 3 = 5 APM group: Grade 0 = 19 Grade 1 = 85 Grade 2 = 48 Grade 3 = 6 | Duration of 2 mo: cardiovascular, coordination/balance, and closed kinetic chain strength exercises (16 sessions of 30 min) | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: VAS, IKDC, TAS Other measures: QoL | VAS, IKDC, and TAS: physical therapist and APM groups improved at month 3 onward compared to baseline; no between-group differences at any time point |
| Yim et al40 (2013) | Physical therapist vs APM plus physical therapist | 3, 6, 12, and 24 | Physical therapist group: 52 APM plus physical therapist group: 50 | Physical therapist group: 57.6 (11.0) APM plus physical therapist group: 54.9 (10.3) | Physical therapist group: 77 APM plus physical therapist group: 82 | Physical therapist group: 26.4 (1.9) APM plus physical therapist group: 25.0 (2.5) | Physical therapist group: Grade 0 = 35 Grade 1 = 17 APM plus physical therapist group: Grade 0 = 39 Grade 1 = 11 | Duration of 11 wk: Weeks 1–3: supervised strength, endurance, and flexibility exercise (3 sessions/wk of 60 min) Weeks 4–11: daily unsupervised isotonic and isometric home exercises | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: VAS, LKSS, TAS Other measures: satisfaction | VAS: higher pain reductions at Month 6 in physical therapist group but no between-group differences at Month 24 LKSS and TAS: physical therapist and APM plus physical therapist groups improved at Month 3 onward compared to baseline; no between-group differences at any time point |
| Study . | Treatment Comparison . | Follow-Up (mo) . | Participants . | No. of Participants With the Indicated Kellgren– Lawrence Grade . | Physical Therapist Intervention . | Outcome Measures . | Main Results . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. . | Age, y, Mean (SD) . | % Women . | BMI, Mean (SD) . | |||||||
| Başar et al33 (2021) | APM vs physical therapist | 2 and 6 | APM group: 48 Physical therapist group: 48 | APM group: 48.4 (5.3) Physical therapist group: 50.9 (4.5) | APM group: 54 Physical therapist group: 60 | APM group: 27.5 (2.7) Physical therapist group: 28.7 (2.2) | APM group: Grade 1 = 12 Grade 2 = 16 Grade 3 = 13 Physical therapist group: Grade 1 = 13 Grade 2 = 16 Grade 3 = 16 | Duration of 2 mo: Month 1: TENS and pulsed US (3 sessions/wk) Months 1 and 2: progressive neuromuscular and strength exercises (3 sessions/wk) | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: VAS, ROM, WOMAC | VAS and WOMAC: APM and physical therapist groups improved at 2 and 6 mo compared to baseline; no between-group differences at any time point ROM: the physical therapist group improved at 2 and 6 mo compared to baseline; however, APM group got worse at 2 and 6 mo compared to baseline; better ROM in physical therapist group than in APM group at 2 and 6 mo |
| Hall et al41 (2015) | APM vs APM plus physical therapist | 3 | APM group: 31 APM plus physical therapist group: 31 | APM group: 43.2 APM plus physical therapist group: 42.8 | APM group: 29 APM plus physical therapist group: 25.8 | APM group: 26.6 APM plus physical therapist group: 26.3 | APM group: Grade 0 = 12 Grade 1 = 12 Grade 2 = 7 APM plus physical therapist group: Grade 0 = 12 Grade 1 = 12 Grade 2 = 7 | Duration of 12 wk: Neuromuscular exercise program (8 sessions of 30–45 min) and home exercises (3 d/wk) | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: KOOS, isotonic KEMS and KFMS Other measures: 3D analysis, adverse effects | KOOS, KEMS, and KFMS: no improvements within group and no between-group differences |
| Herrlin et al37 (2007) | Physical therapist vs APM plus physical therapist | 2 and 6 | Physical therapist group: 43 APM plus physical therapist group: 47 | Physical therapist group: 55 (5.5) APM plus physical therapist group: 54 (4.6) | Physical therapist group: 37 APM plus physical therapist group: 40 | Physical therapist group: 26 (3.3) APM plus physical therapist group: 27 (3.9) | N/A | Duration of 2 mo: Supervised: strength, endurance, flexibility, proprioception, and balance exercises (2 sessions/wk) Unsupervised at home: daily single-limb and step-down exercises | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: VAS, KOOS, LKSS, TAS | VAS, KOOS, LKSS, and TAS: physical therapist and APM plus physical therapist groups improved at 2 and 6 mo compared to baseline; no between-group differences at any time point |
| Katz et al38 (2013) | Physical therapist vs APM plus physical therapist | 3, 6, 12, 24, and 60 | Physical therapist group: 169 APM plus physical therapist group: 161 | Physical therapist group: 57.8 APM plus physical therapist group: 59 | Physical therapist group: 57 APM plus physical therapist group: 56 | Physical therapist group: 30 APM plus physical therapist group: 30 | Physical therapist group: Grade 0 = 36 Grade 1 = 35 Grade 2 = 39 Grade 3 = 39 APM plus physical therapist group: Grade 0 = 34 Grade 1 = 26 Grade 2 = 37 Grade 3 = 45 | Duration of 6 wk: Cardiovascular, strengthening, and stretching exercises (1 or 2 sessions/wk) and home exercises | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: KOOS, WOMAC Other measures: QoL, adverse effects | KOOS and WOMAC: physical therapist and APM plus physical therapist groups improved from month 6 onward compared to baseline; no between-group differences at any time point |
| Kise et al34 (2016) | APM vs physical therapist | 3, 6, 24, and 60 | APM group: 70 Physical therapist group: 70 | APM group: 48.9 (6.1) Physical therapist group: 50.2 (6.2) | APM group: 38 Physical therapist group: 38 | APM group: 26 (3.7) Physical therapist group: 26.4 (4.3) | APM group: Grade 0 = 51 Grade 1 = 16 Grade 2 = 3 Grade 3 = 0 Physical therapist group: Grade 0 = 49 Grade 1 = 18 Grade 2 = 2 Grade 3 = 1 | Duration of 2 mo: Progressive neuromuscular and strength exercises (2or 3 sessions/wk) | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: KOOS, isotonic KEMS and KFMS Other measures: PP tests, QoL | KOOS: no between-group differences at any time point KEMS and KFMS: better KEMS and KFMS results in physical therapist group than in APM group at 3, 6, and 12 mo |
| Østerås et al35 (2012) | APM vs physical therapist | 3 | APM group: 8 Physical therapist group: 9 | N/A | Duration of 12 wk: aerobic, coordination, strengthening, and pain reduction exercises (3 sessions/wk) | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: VAS, KOOS, 5RM KEMS Other measures: HADS | VAS, KOOS, and KEMS: physical therapist and APM groups improved at month 3 compared to baseline; no between-group differences except for KOOS-QoL (better scores at 3 mo in physical therapist group) | |||
| Osteras et al42 (2014) | APM vs APM plus physical therapist | 3 and 12 | APM group: 39 APM plus physical therapist group: 38 | N/A | Duration of 12 wk: aerobic, coordination, strengthening, and functional exercises (3 sessions/wk) | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: VAS, KOOS, 5RM KEMS Other measures: HADS, PP test | VAS, KOOS, and KEMS: better results in APM plus physical therapist group than in APM group at 3 and 12 mo | |||
| Stensrud et al39 (2015) | Physical therapist vs APM plus physical therapist | 3 | Physical therapist group: 40 APM plus physical therapist group: 42 | Physical therapist group: 49.2 (6.4) APM plus physical therapist group: 54.9 (10.3) | Physical therapist group: 32.5 APM plus physical therapist group: 38 | Physical therapist group: 26.9 (4.1) APM plus physical therapist group: 26.3 (3.6) | Physical therapist group: Grade 1 = 30 Grade 2 = 8 Grade 3 = 2 APM plus physical therapist group: Grade 1 = 30 Grade 2 = 10 Grade 3 = 2 | Duration of 3 mo: progressive strength and neuromuscular exercises (2 or 3 sessions/wk of 60 min) | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: isokinetic KEMS and KFMS Other measures: GRC, PP tests | KEMS and KFMS: better KEMS and KFMS results in physical therapist group than in APM plus physical therapist group at 3 mo |
| van de Graaf et al36 (2018) | APM vs physical therapist | 3, 6, 12, 24, and 60 | Physical therapist group: 161 APM group: 158 | Physical therapist group: 57.3 (6.8) APM group: 57.6 (6.5) | Physical therapist group: 50 APM group: 51 | Physical therapist group: <25 for 33% and > 30 for 26% APM group: <25 for 35% and > 30 for 19% | Physical therapist group: Grade 0 = 16 Grade 1 = 81 Grade 2 = 59 Grade 3 = 5 APM group: Grade 0 = 19 Grade 1 = 85 Grade 2 = 48 Grade 3 = 6 | Duration of 2 mo: cardiovascular, coordination/balance, and closed kinetic chain strength exercises (16 sessions of 30 min) | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: VAS, IKDC, TAS Other measures: QoL | VAS, IKDC, and TAS: physical therapist and APM groups improved at month 3 onward compared to baseline; no between-group differences at any time point |
| Yim et al40 (2013) | Physical therapist vs APM plus physical therapist | 3, 6, 12, and 24 | Physical therapist group: 52 APM plus physical therapist group: 50 | Physical therapist group: 57.6 (11.0) APM plus physical therapist group: 54.9 (10.3) | Physical therapist group: 77 APM plus physical therapist group: 82 | Physical therapist group: 26.4 (1.9) APM plus physical therapist group: 25.0 (2.5) | Physical therapist group: Grade 0 = 35 Grade 1 = 17 APM plus physical therapist group: Grade 0 = 39 Grade 1 = 11 | Duration of 11 wk: Weeks 1–3: supervised strength, endurance, and flexibility exercise (3 sessions/wk of 60 min) Weeks 4–11: daily unsupervised isotonic and isometric home exercises | Knee pain or physical impairment measures: VAS, LKSS, TAS Other measures: satisfaction | VAS: higher pain reductions at Month 6 in physical therapist group but no between-group differences at Month 24 LKSS and TAS: physical therapist and APM plus physical therapist groups improved at Month 3 onward compared to baseline; no between-group differences at any time point |
3D = 3-dimensional; 5RM = 5-repetition maximum; APM = arthroscopic partial meniscectomy; BMI = body mass index; GRC = Global Rating of Change; HADS = Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; IKDC = Subjective Knee Form of the International Knee Documentation Committee; KEMS = knee extension muscle strength; KFMS = knee flexion muscle strength; KOOS = Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score; KOOS-QoL = KOOS quality of life subscale; LKSS = Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale; N/A = not available; PP = physical performance; QoL = quality of life; ROM = range of motion; TAS = Tegner Activity Scale; TENS = transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation; US = ultrasound; VAS = visual analog scale; WOMAC = Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index.
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