Table 2 Open in new tab Summary of...

Process variable	Descriptive means	Process change (t-tests: B → 6M)	Path analytic findings
01. Satisfaction with changes	2.63 (2.22)	2.65 (2.47)	−0.62	***	−0.34	***	0.18	**	−0.02		0.00
02. PBC: Healthy eating	5.10 (4.82)	5.41 (5.60)	−0.26	**	0.11		0.21	***	−0.09	^t	−0.02	^t
03. PBC: Physical activity	4.63 (4.29)	4.70 (4.56)	−0.21	*	−0.11		0.07		−0.05	*	0.00
04. Confidence: Weight loss	5.15 (4.33)	5.51 (5.00)	−0.56	***	−0.31	***	0.16	**	−0.04		−0.01
05. Confidence: WLM	4.16 (4.08)	4.30 (5.20)	−0.09		0.51	***	0.30	***	−0.04		−0.01
06. SE: Emotional eating	2.44 (2.56)	2.76 (2.61)	0.08		−0.14		−0.04		−0.01		0.00
07. SE: Unhealthy food context	2.94 (2.75)	2.94 (2.94)	−0.35	***	0.00		0.15	**	−0.02		0.00
08. SE: Physical activity barriers	2.92 (2.70)	2.96 (2.80)	−0.34	***	−0.21	*	0.05		−0.05		0.00
09. Action planning: Physical activity	2.91 (2.59)	2.83 (2.66)	−0.33	***	−0.11		0.07		0.00		0.00
10. Action planning: Healthy eating	3.15 (2.78)	3.30 (3.20)	−0.43	***	−0.12		0.20	***	−0.02		0.00
11. Coping planning: Physical activity	2.17 (2.06)	2.22 (2.28)	−0.16	^t	0.07		0.11	^t	−0.03		0.00
12. Coping planning: Healthy eating	2.62 (2.43)	2.81 (2.85)	−0.24	*	0.03		0.19	**	−0.03		−0.01
13. Automaticity: Healthy eating	2.60 (2.63)	2.74 (2.94)	0.05		0.23	*	0.14	*	−0.14	*	−0.02	^t
14. Automaticity: Physical activity	2.36 (2.36)	2.42 (2.49)	0.02		0.10		0.05		−0.05		0.00
15. Automaticity: Self-weighing	2.68 (2.67)	2.72 (3.19)	0.00		0.41	***	0.25	***	−0.01		0.00
16. Energy and drive	3.39 (3.15)	3.51 (3.24)	−0.42	***	−0.34	***	0.02		−0.06	*	0.00

Process variable

Descriptive means

Process change
(t-tests: B → 6M)

Path analytic
findings

Control

Intervention

Control

Intervention

Path a

Path b

Path a × b

B (6M)

sig.

01. Satisfaction with changes

2.63 (2.22)

2.65 (2.47)

−0.62

***

−0.34

***

0.18

−0.02

0.00

02. PBC: Healthy eating

5.10 (4.82)

5.41 (5.60)

−0.26

0.11

0.21

***

−0.09

−0.02

03. PBC: Physical activity

4.63 (4.29)

4.70 (4.56)

−0.21

−0.11

0.07

−0.05

0.00

04. Confidence: Weight loss

5.15 (4.33)

5.51 (5.00)

−0.56

***

−0.31

***

0.16

−0.04

−0.01

05. Confidence: WLM

4.16 (4.08)

4.30 (5.20)

−0.09

0.51

***

0.30

***

−0.04

−0.01

06. SE: Emotional eating

2.44 (2.56)

2.76 (2.61)

0.08

−0.14

−0.04

−0.01

0.00

07. SE: Unhealthy food context

2.94 (2.75)

2.94 (2.94)

−0.35

***

0.00

0.15

−0.02

0.00

08. SE: Physical activity barriers

2.92 (2.70)

2.96 (2.80)

−0.34

***

−0.21

0.05

−0.05

0.00

09. Action planning: Physical activity

2.91 (2.59)

2.83 (2.66)

−0.33

***

−0.11

0.07

0.00

10. Action planning: Healthy eating

3.15 (2.78)

3.30 (3.20)

−0.43

***

−0.12

0.20

***

−0.02

0.00

11. Coping planning: Physical activity

2.17 (2.06)

2.22 (2.28)

−0.16

0.07

0.11

−0.03

0.00

12. Coping planning: Healthy eating

2.62 (2.43)

2.81 (2.85)

−0.24

0.03

0.19

−0.03

−0.01

13. Automaticity: Healthy eating

2.60 (2.63)

2.74 (2.94)

0.05

0.23

0.14

−0.14

−0.02

14. Automaticity: Physical activity

2.36 (2.36)

2.42 (2.49)

0.02

0.10

0.05

−0.05

0.00

15. Automaticity: Self-weighing

2.68 (2.67)

2.72 (3.19)

0.00

0.41

***

0.25

***

−0.01

0.00

16. Energy and drive

3.39 (3.15)

3.51 (3.24)

−0.42

***

−0.34

***

0.02

−0.06

0.00

Process variable	Descriptive means	Process change (t-tests: B → 6M)	Path analytic findings
01. Satisfaction with changes	2.63 (2.22)	2.65 (2.47)	−0.62	***	−0.34	***	0.18	**	−0.02		0.00
02. PBC: Healthy eating	5.10 (4.82)	5.41 (5.60)	−0.26	**	0.11		0.21	***	−0.09	^t	−0.02	^t
03. PBC: Physical activity	4.63 (4.29)	4.70 (4.56)	−0.21	*	−0.11		0.07		−0.05	*	0.00
04. Confidence: Weight loss	5.15 (4.33)	5.51 (5.00)	−0.56	***	−0.31	***	0.16	**	−0.04		−0.01
05. Confidence: WLM	4.16 (4.08)	4.30 (5.20)	−0.09		0.51	***	0.30	***	−0.04		−0.01
06. SE: Emotional eating	2.44 (2.56)	2.76 (2.61)	0.08		−0.14		−0.04		−0.01		0.00
07. SE: Unhealthy food context	2.94 (2.75)	2.94 (2.94)	−0.35	***	0.00		0.15	**	−0.02		0.00
08. SE: Physical activity barriers	2.92 (2.70)	2.96 (2.80)	−0.34	***	−0.21	*	0.05		−0.05		0.00
09. Action planning: Physical activity	2.91 (2.59)	2.83 (2.66)	−0.33	***	−0.11		0.07		0.00		0.00
10. Action planning: Healthy eating	3.15 (2.78)	3.30 (3.20)	−0.43	***	−0.12		0.20	***	−0.02		0.00
11. Coping planning: Physical activity	2.17 (2.06)	2.22 (2.28)	−0.16	^t	0.07		0.11	^t	−0.03		0.00
12. Coping planning: Healthy eating	2.62 (2.43)	2.81 (2.85)	−0.24	*	0.03		0.19	**	−0.03		−0.01
13. Automaticity: Healthy eating	2.60 (2.63)	2.74 (2.94)	0.05		0.23	*	0.14	*	−0.14	*	−0.02	^t
14. Automaticity: Physical activity	2.36 (2.36)	2.42 (2.49)	0.02		0.10		0.05		−0.05		0.00
15. Automaticity: Self-weighing	2.68 (2.67)	2.72 (3.19)	0.00		0.41	***	0.25	***	−0.01		0.00
16. Energy and drive	3.39 (3.15)	3.51 (3.24)	−0.42	***	−0.34	***	0.02		−0.06	*	0.00

Table 2

Open in new tab

Summary of Results with Path Analytic Models Specified According to Fig. 1 (Panel B)

Process variable	Descriptive means		Process change (t-tests: B → 6M)				Path analytic findings
	Control	Intervention	Control		Intervention		Path a		Path b		Path a × b
	B (6M)	B (6M)	d	sig.	d	sig.	β	sig.	β	sig.	β	sig.
01. Satisfaction with changes	2.63 (2.22)	2.65 (2.47)	−0.62	***	−0.34	***	0.18	**	−0.02		0.00
02. PBC: Healthy eating	5.10 (4.82)	5.41 (5.60)	−0.26	**	0.11		0.21	***	−0.09	^t	−0.02	^t
03. PBC: Physical activity	4.63 (4.29)	4.70 (4.56)	−0.21	*	−0.11		0.07		−0.05	*	0.00
04. Confidence: Weight loss	5.15 (4.33)	5.51 (5.00)	−0.56	***	−0.31	***	0.16	**	−0.04		−0.01
05. Confidence: WLM	4.16 (4.08)	4.30 (5.20)	−0.09		0.51	***	0.30	***	−0.04		−0.01
06. SE: Emotional eating	2.44 (2.56)	2.76 (2.61)	0.08		−0.14		−0.04		−0.01		0.00
07. SE: Unhealthy food context	2.94 (2.75)	2.94 (2.94)	−0.35	***	0.00		0.15	**	−0.02		0.00
08. SE: Physical activity barriers	2.92 (2.70)	2.96 (2.80)	−0.34	***	−0.21	*	0.05		−0.05		0.00
09. Action planning: Physical activity	2.91 (2.59)	2.83 (2.66)	−0.33	***	−0.11		0.07		0.00		0.00
10. Action planning: Healthy eating	3.15 (2.78)	3.30 (3.20)	−0.43	***	−0.12		0.20	***	−0.02		0.00
11. Coping planning: Physical activity	2.17 (2.06)	2.22 (2.28)	−0.16	^t	0.07		0.11	^t	−0.03		0.00
12. Coping planning: Healthy eating	2.62 (2.43)	2.81 (2.85)	−0.24	*	0.03		0.19	**	−0.03		−0.01
13. Automaticity: Healthy eating	2.60 (2.63)	2.74 (2.94)	0.05		0.23	*	0.14	*	−0.14	*	−0.02	^t
14. Automaticity: Physical activity	2.36 (2.36)	2.42 (2.49)	0.02		0.10		0.05		−0.05		0.00
15. Automaticity: Self-weighing	2.68 (2.67)	2.72 (3.19)	0.00		0.41	***	0.25	***	−0.01		0.00
16. Energy and drive	3.39 (3.15)	3.51 (3.24)	−0.42	***	−0.34	***	0.02		−0.06	*	0.00

Process variable	Descriptive means		Process change (t-tests: B → 6M)				Path analytic findings
	Control	Intervention	Control		Intervention		Path a		Path b		Path a × b
	B (6M)	B (6M)	d	sig.	d	sig.	β	sig.	β	sig.	β	sig.
01. Satisfaction with changes	2.63 (2.22)	2.65 (2.47)	−0.62	***	−0.34	***	0.18	**	−0.02		0.00
02. PBC: Healthy eating	5.10 (4.82)	5.41 (5.60)	−0.26	**	0.11		0.21	***	−0.09	^t	−0.02	^t
03. PBC: Physical activity	4.63 (4.29)	4.70 (4.56)	−0.21	*	−0.11		0.07		−0.05	*	0.00
04. Confidence: Weight loss	5.15 (4.33)	5.51 (5.00)	−0.56	***	−0.31	***	0.16	**	−0.04		−0.01
05. Confidence: WLM	4.16 (4.08)	4.30 (5.20)	−0.09		0.51	***	0.30	***	−0.04		−0.01
06. SE: Emotional eating	2.44 (2.56)	2.76 (2.61)	0.08		−0.14		−0.04		−0.01		0.00
07. SE: Unhealthy food context	2.94 (2.75)	2.94 (2.94)	−0.35	***	0.00		0.15	**	−0.02		0.00
08. SE: Physical activity barriers	2.92 (2.70)	2.96 (2.80)	−0.34	***	−0.21	*	0.05		−0.05		0.00
09. Action planning: Physical activity	2.91 (2.59)	2.83 (2.66)	−0.33	***	−0.11		0.07		0.00		0.00
10. Action planning: Healthy eating	3.15 (2.78)	3.30 (3.20)	−0.43	***	−0.12		0.20	***	−0.02		0.00
11. Coping planning: Physical activity	2.17 (2.06)	2.22 (2.28)	−0.16	^t	0.07		0.11	^t	−0.03		0.00
12. Coping planning: Healthy eating	2.62 (2.43)	2.81 (2.85)	−0.24	*	0.03		0.19	**	−0.03		−0.01
13. Automaticity: Healthy eating	2.60 (2.63)	2.74 (2.94)	0.05		0.23	*	0.14	*	−0.14	*	−0.02	^t
14. Automaticity: Physical activity	2.36 (2.36)	2.42 (2.49)	0.02		0.10		0.05		−0.05		0.00
15. Automaticity: Self-weighing	2.68 (2.67)	2.72 (3.19)	0.00		0.41	***	0.25	***	−0.01		0.00
16. Energy and drive	3.39 (3.15)	3.51 (3.24)	−0.42	***	−0.34	***	0.02		−0.06	*	0.00

β standardized coefficient; 6M 6-month follow-up; B baseline; d Cohen’s d; PBC perceived behavioral control; SE self-efficacy; sig. significance level; WLM weight loss maintenance. Bold font indicates significance at p < .05.

^aSee Supplementary Materials (Table S49) for full t-test results (e.g., for unstandardized difference scores, 95% CIs, and exact p-values).

^bSee Supplementary Materials (Tables S33–S48) for full path analytic results (e.g., for unstandardized effects, standard errors, 95% CIs, exact p-values, fit indices).

***p < .001; **p < .01; *p < .05; ^tp < .10.

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