Table 4. Open in new tab Medical and...

Treatments of patients with Crohn’s disease

Chronic continuous, N = 107

Chronic intermittent, N = 164

Decreasing, N = 360

Increasing, N = 51

Quiescent, N = 146

p-value

Surgery

74 [69%]

103 [63%]

166 [46%]

23 [45%]

20 [14%]

<0.001

Median [IQR] time to first surgical intervention, years

4.3 [2.2, 7.8]

6.0 [1.5, 9.0]

2.8 [0.9, 6.7]

6.8 [2.8, 9.4]

0.3 [0.2, 0.5]

<0.001

Biological therapy

97 [91%]

103 [63%]

168 [47%]

25 [49%]

9 [6.2%]

<0.001

Median time to biological therapy, years [IQR]

4.8 [2.3, 7.4]

6.7 [4.1, 8.6]

4.9 [1.9, 9.8]

9.1 [7.5, 9.8]

11.3 [0.3, 15.4]

<0.001

Median [IQR] duration of biological therapy, years

1.43 [0.66, 2.39]

1.22 [0.49, 2.54]

1.13 [0.46, 2.22]

1.02 [0.26, 1.77]

0.42 [0.22, 1.52]

0.15

Thiopurine

104 [97%]

141 [86%]

294 [82%]

42 [82%]

32 [22%]

<0.001

Median [IQR] time to thiopurine therapy, years

0.62 [0.23, 2.15]

0.73 [0.27, 2.28]

0.73 [0.23, 2.26]

1.28 [0.25, 7.49]

0.72 [0.41, 2.13]

0.4

Median [IQR] duration of thiopurine therapy, years

0.62 [0.23, 2.15]

0.73 [0.27, 2.28]

0.73 [0.23, 2.26]

1.28 [0.25, 7.49]

0.72 [0.41, 2.13]

0.4

Methotrexate

26 [24%]

22 [13%]

28 [7.8%]

3 [5.9%]

3 [2.1%]

<0.001

Systemic corticosteroids

80 [75%]

106 [65%]

186 [52%]

21 [41%]

25 [17%]

<0.001

Topical corticosteroids

54 [50%]

39 [24%]

77 [21%]

7 [14%]

7 [4.8%]

<0.001

Oral budesonide

69 [64%]

88 [54%]

168 [47%]

29 [57%]

31 [21%]

<0.001

5-Aminosalicyclic acid

81 [76%]

113 [69%]

220 [61%]

31 [61%]

57 [39%]

<0.001

Topical 5-aminosalicyclic acid

29 [27%]

38 [23%]

69 [19%]

9 [18%]

8 [5.5%]

<0.001

Treatments of patients with ulcerative colitis

Chronic continuous, N = 73

Chronic intermittent, N = 129

Decreasing, N = 382

Increasing, N = 45

Quiescent, N = 189

*p-value

Colectomy

8 [11%]

11 [8.5%]

80 [21%]

4 [8.9%]

56 [30%]

<0.001

Median [IQR] time to colectomy, years

9.5 [9.0, 11.4]

9.8 [7.8, 11.8]

3.7 [1.7, 5.3]

10.9 [8.8, 14.4]

0.4 [0.1, 0.6]

<0.001

Biological therapy

27 [37%]

29 [22%]

68 [18%]

8 [18%]

10 [5.3%]

<0.001

Median time to biological therapy, years [IQR]

7.5 [5.6, 10.4]

8.9 [6.4, 10.5]

4.5 [1.7, 9.0]

9.9 [7.1, 12.8]

0.7 [0.3, 15.9]

0.011

Median [IQR] duration of biological therapy, years

0.62 [0.17, 1.22]

0.76 [0.17, 2.28]

0.34 [0.12, 0.90]

0.62 [0.24, 2.08]

0.19 [0.04, 0.44]

0.14

Thiopurine

48 [66%]

65 [50%]

212 [55%]

23 [51%]

34 [18%]

<0.001

Median [IQR] time to thiopurine therapy, years

3.2 [1.2, 6.8]

2.9 [0.8, 7.6]

1.4 [0.6, 3.5]

0.7 [0.5, 8.0]

0.4 [0.2, 0.5]

<0.001

Median [IQR] duration of thiopurine therapy, years

1.43 [0.30, 2.06]

1.41 [0.55, 2.68]

1.02 [0.21, 2.71]

1.18 [0.44, 2.83]

0.05 [0.00, 0.34]

<0.001

Systemic corticosteroids

45 [62%]

64 [50%]

197 [52%]

24 [53%]

52 [28%]

<0.001

Topical corticosteroids

65 [89%]

75 [58%]

222 [58%]

21 [47%]

39 [21%]

<0.001

Oral budesonide

11 [15%]

14 [11%]

41 [11%]

5 [11%]

5 [2.6%]

0.001

5-Aminosalicyclic acid

69 [95%]

125 [97%]

367 [96%]

43 [96%]

101 [53%]

<0.001

Topical 5-aminosalicyclic acid

70 [96%]

104 [81%]

263 [69%]

35 [78%]

55 [29%]

<0.001

Treatments of patients with ulcerative colitis with intact colon during first 10 years of follow up

Chronic continuous, N = 68

Chronic intermittent, N = 122

Decreasing, N = 310

Increasing, N = 43

Quiescent, N = 134

*p-value

Colectomy performed after 10 years of follow up

3 [4.4%]

4 [3.3%]

8 [2.6%]

N < 3

0.3

Median [IQR] time to colectomy performed after 10 years of follow up, years

11.8 [11.5, 13.5]

13.9 [12.6, 14.6]

14.4 [11.8, 15.5]

16.0 [14.4, 17.6]

15.56 [15.6, 15.6]

0.6

Biological therapy

24 [35%]

27 [22%]

46 [15%]

7 [16%]

5 [3.7%]

<0.001

Median time to biological therapy, years [IQR]

7.0 [5.2, 10.8]

8.9 [6.2, 11.1]

5.4 [2.5, 11.4]

11.0 [6.8, 13.4]

16.6 [13.7, 18.7]

0.12

Median [IQR] duration of biological therapy, years

0.74 [0.24, 1.31]

0.73 [0.13, 2.93]

0.39 [0.14, 1.13]

0.95 [0.21, 2.25]

0.01 [0.00, 0.11]

0.063

Thiopurine

43 [63%]

58 [48%]

154 [50%]

21 [49%]

13 [9.7%]

<0.001

Median [IQR] time to thiopurine therapy, years

2.8 [1.2, 5.9]

2.8 [0.9, 7.7]

1.5 [0.6, 4.1]

0.7 [0.5, 7.4]

0.8 [0.3, 14.0]

0.2

Median [IQR] duration of thiopurine therapy, years

1.45 [0.68, 2.07]

1.45 [0.65, 2.73]

1.54 [0.41, 3.14]

1.18 [0.61, 2.32]

0.79 [0.08, 1.54]

0.6

Systemic corticosteroids

42 [62%]

59 [48%]

154 [50%]

23 [53%]

21 [16%]

<0.001

Topical corticosteroids

60 [88%]

71 [58%]

170 [55%]

21 [49%]

17 [13%]

<0.001

Oral budesonide

10 [15%]

13 [11%]

38 [12%]

5 [12%]

4 [3.0%]

0.012

5-Aminosalicyclic acid

65 [96%]

118 [97%]

295 [95%]

41 [95%]

68 [51%]

<0.001

Topical 5-aminosalicyclic acid

67 [99%]

100 [82%]

212 [68%]

33 [77%]

25 [19%]

<0.001

Table 4.

Open in new tab

Medical and surgical treatment within the different disease activity patterns among incident paediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease, 1996–2018

Treatments of patients with Crohn’s disease	Chronic continuous, N = 107	Chronic intermittent, N = 164	Decreasing, N = 360	Increasing, N = 51	Quiescent, N = 146	p-value
Surgery	74 [69%]	103 [63%]	166 [46%]	23 [45%]	20 [14%]	<0.001
Median [IQR] time to first surgical intervention, years	4.3 [2.2, 7.8]	6.0 [1.5, 9.0]	2.8 [0.9, 6.7]	6.8 [2.8, 9.4]	0.3 [0.2, 0.5]	<0.001
Biological therapy	97 [91%]	103 [63%]	168 [47%]	25 [49%]	9 [6.2%]	<0.001
Median time to biological therapy, years [IQR]	4.8 [2.3, 7.4]	6.7 [4.1, 8.6]	4.9 [1.9, 9.8]	9.1 [7.5, 9.8]	11.3 [0.3, 15.4]	<0.001
Median [IQR] duration of biological therapy, years	1.43 [0.66, 2.39]	1.22 [0.49, 2.54]	1.13 [0.46, 2.22]	1.02 [0.26, 1.77]	0.42 [0.22, 1.52]	0.15
Thiopurine	104 [97%]	141 [86%]	294 [82%]	42 [82%]	32 [22%]	<0.001
Median [IQR] time to thiopurine therapy, years	0.62 [0.23, 2.15]	0.73 [0.27, 2.28]	0.73 [0.23, 2.26]	1.28 [0.25, 7.49]	0.72 [0.41, 2.13]	0.4
Median [IQR] duration of thiopurine therapy, years	0.62 [0.23, 2.15]	0.73 [0.27, 2.28]	0.73 [0.23, 2.26]	1.28 [0.25, 7.49]	0.72 [0.41, 2.13]	0.4
Methotrexate	26 [24%]	22 [13%]	28 [7.8%]	3 [5.9%]	3 [2.1%]	<0.001
Systemic corticosteroids	80 [75%]	106 [65%]	186 [52%]	21 [41%]	25 [17%]	<0.001
Topical corticosteroids	54 [50%]	39 [24%]	77 [21%]	7 [14%]	7 [4.8%]	<0.001
Oral budesonide	69 [64%]	88 [54%]	168 [47%]	29 [57%]	31 [21%]	<0.001
5-Aminosalicyclic acid	81 [76%]	113 [69%]	220 [61%]	31 [61%]	57 [39%]	<0.001
Topical 5-aminosalicyclic acid	29 [27%]	38 [23%]	69 [19%]	9 [18%]	8 [5.5%]	<0.001

Treatments of patients with Crohn’s disease	Chronic continuous, N = 107	Chronic intermittent, N = 164	Decreasing, N = 360	Increasing, N = 51	Quiescent, N = 146	p-value
Surgery	74 [69%]	103 [63%]	166 [46%]	23 [45%]	20 [14%]	<0.001
Median [IQR] time to first surgical intervention, years	4.3 [2.2, 7.8]	6.0 [1.5, 9.0]	2.8 [0.9, 6.7]	6.8 [2.8, 9.4]	0.3 [0.2, 0.5]	<0.001
Biological therapy	97 [91%]	103 [63%]	168 [47%]	25 [49%]	9 [6.2%]	<0.001
Median time to biological therapy, years [IQR]	4.8 [2.3, 7.4]	6.7 [4.1, 8.6]	4.9 [1.9, 9.8]	9.1 [7.5, 9.8]	11.3 [0.3, 15.4]	<0.001
Median [IQR] duration of biological therapy, years	1.43 [0.66, 2.39]	1.22 [0.49, 2.54]	1.13 [0.46, 2.22]	1.02 [0.26, 1.77]	0.42 [0.22, 1.52]	0.15
Thiopurine	104 [97%]	141 [86%]	294 [82%]	42 [82%]	32 [22%]	<0.001
Median [IQR] time to thiopurine therapy, years	0.62 [0.23, 2.15]	0.73 [0.27, 2.28]	0.73 [0.23, 2.26]	1.28 [0.25, 7.49]	0.72 [0.41, 2.13]	0.4
Median [IQR] duration of thiopurine therapy, years	0.62 [0.23, 2.15]	0.73 [0.27, 2.28]	0.73 [0.23, 2.26]	1.28 [0.25, 7.49]	0.72 [0.41, 2.13]	0.4
Methotrexate	26 [24%]	22 [13%]	28 [7.8%]	3 [5.9%]	3 [2.1%]	<0.001
Systemic corticosteroids	80 [75%]	106 [65%]	186 [52%]	21 [41%]	25 [17%]	<0.001
Topical corticosteroids	54 [50%]	39 [24%]	77 [21%]	7 [14%]	7 [4.8%]	<0.001
Oral budesonide	69 [64%]	88 [54%]	168 [47%]	29 [57%]	31 [21%]	<0.001
5-Aminosalicyclic acid	81 [76%]	113 [69%]	220 [61%]	31 [61%]	57 [39%]	<0.001
Topical 5-aminosalicyclic acid	29 [27%]	38 [23%]	69 [19%]	9 [18%]	8 [5.5%]	<0.001

Treatments of patients with ulcerative colitis	Chronic continuous, N = 73	Chronic intermittent, N = 129	Decreasing, N = 382	Increasing, N = 45	Quiescent, N = 189	*p-value
Colectomy	8 [11%]	11 [8.5%]	80 [21%]	4 [8.9%]	56 [30%]	<0.001
Median [IQR] time to colectomy, years	9.5 [9.0, 11.4]	9.8 [7.8, 11.8]	3.7 [1.7, 5.3]	10.9 [8.8, 14.4]	0.4 [0.1, 0.6]	<0.001
Biological therapy	27 [37%]	29 [22%]	68 [18%]	8 [18%]	10 [5.3%]	<0.001
Median time to biological therapy, years [IQR]	7.5 [5.6, 10.4]	8.9 [6.4, 10.5]	4.5 [1.7, 9.0]	9.9 [7.1, 12.8]	0.7 [0.3, 15.9]	0.011
Median [IQR] duration of biological therapy, years	0.62 [0.17, 1.22]	0.76 [0.17, 2.28]	0.34 [0.12, 0.90]	0.62 [0.24, 2.08]	0.19 [0.04, 0.44]	0.14
Thiopurine	48 [66%]	65 [50%]	212 [55%]	23 [51%]	34 [18%]	<0.001
Median [IQR] time to thiopurine therapy, years	3.2 [1.2, 6.8]	2.9 [0.8, 7.6]	1.4 [0.6, 3.5]	0.7 [0.5, 8.0]	0.4 [0.2, 0.5]	<0.001
Median [IQR] duration of thiopurine therapy, years	1.43 [0.30, 2.06]	1.41 [0.55, 2.68]	1.02 [0.21, 2.71]	1.18 [0.44, 2.83]	0.05 [0.00, 0.34]	<0.001
Systemic corticosteroids	45 [62%]	64 [50%]	197 [52%]	24 [53%]	52 [28%]	<0.001
Topical corticosteroids	65 [89%]	75 [58%]	222 [58%]	21 [47%]	39 [21%]	<0.001
Oral budesonide	11 [15%]	14 [11%]	41 [11%]	5 [11%]	5 [2.6%]	0.001
5-Aminosalicyclic acid	69 [95%]	125 [97%]	367 [96%]	43 [96%]	101 [53%]	<0.001
Topical 5-aminosalicyclic acid	70 [96%]	104 [81%]	263 [69%]	35 [78%]	55 [29%]	<0.001

Treatments of patients with ulcerative colitis	Chronic continuous, N = 73	Chronic intermittent, N = 129	Decreasing, N = 382	Increasing, N = 45	Quiescent, N = 189	*p-value
Colectomy	8 [11%]	11 [8.5%]	80 [21%]	4 [8.9%]	56 [30%]	<0.001
Median [IQR] time to colectomy, years	9.5 [9.0, 11.4]	9.8 [7.8, 11.8]	3.7 [1.7, 5.3]	10.9 [8.8, 14.4]	0.4 [0.1, 0.6]	<0.001
Biological therapy	27 [37%]	29 [22%]	68 [18%]	8 [18%]	10 [5.3%]	<0.001
Median time to biological therapy, years [IQR]	7.5 [5.6, 10.4]	8.9 [6.4, 10.5]	4.5 [1.7, 9.0]	9.9 [7.1, 12.8]	0.7 [0.3, 15.9]	0.011
Median [IQR] duration of biological therapy, years	0.62 [0.17, 1.22]	0.76 [0.17, 2.28]	0.34 [0.12, 0.90]	0.62 [0.24, 2.08]	0.19 [0.04, 0.44]	0.14
Thiopurine	48 [66%]	65 [50%]	212 [55%]	23 [51%]	34 [18%]	<0.001
Median [IQR] time to thiopurine therapy, years	3.2 [1.2, 6.8]	2.9 [0.8, 7.6]	1.4 [0.6, 3.5]	0.7 [0.5, 8.0]	0.4 [0.2, 0.5]	<0.001
Median [IQR] duration of thiopurine therapy, years	1.43 [0.30, 2.06]	1.41 [0.55, 2.68]	1.02 [0.21, 2.71]	1.18 [0.44, 2.83]	0.05 [0.00, 0.34]	<0.001
Systemic corticosteroids	45 [62%]	64 [50%]	197 [52%]	24 [53%]	52 [28%]	<0.001
Topical corticosteroids	65 [89%]	75 [58%]	222 [58%]	21 [47%]	39 [21%]	<0.001
Oral budesonide	11 [15%]	14 [11%]	41 [11%]	5 [11%]	5 [2.6%]	0.001
5-Aminosalicyclic acid	69 [95%]	125 [97%]	367 [96%]	43 [96%]	101 [53%]	<0.001
Topical 5-aminosalicyclic acid	70 [96%]	104 [81%]	263 [69%]	35 [78%]	55 [29%]	<0.001

Treatments of patients with ulcerative colitis with intact colon during first 10 years of follow up	Chronic continuous, N = 68	Chronic intermittent, N = 122	Decreasing, N = 310	Increasing, N = 43	Quiescent, N = 134	*p-value
Colectomy performed after 10 years of follow up	3 [4.4%]	4 [3.3%]	8 [2.6%]	N < 3	N < 3	0.3
Median [IQR] time to colectomy performed after 10 years of follow up, years	11.8 [11.5, 13.5]	13.9 [12.6, 14.6]	14.4 [11.8, 15.5]	16.0 [14.4, 17.6]	15.56 [15.6, 15.6]	0.6
Biological therapy	24 [35%]	27 [22%]	46 [15%]	7 [16%]	5 [3.7%]	<0.001
Median time to biological therapy, years [IQR]	7.0 [5.2, 10.8]	8.9 [6.2, 11.1]	5.4 [2.5, 11.4]	11.0 [6.8, 13.4]	16.6 [13.7, 18.7]	0.12
Median [IQR] duration of biological therapy, years	0.74 [0.24, 1.31]	0.73 [0.13, 2.93]	0.39 [0.14, 1.13]	0.95 [0.21, 2.25]	0.01 [0.00, 0.11]	0.063
Thiopurine	43 [63%]	58 [48%]	154 [50%]	21 [49%]	13 [9.7%]	<0.001
Median [IQR] time to thiopurine therapy, years	2.8 [1.2, 5.9]	2.8 [0.9, 7.7]	1.5 [0.6, 4.1]	0.7 [0.5, 7.4]	0.8 [0.3, 14.0]	0.2
Median [IQR] duration of thiopurine therapy, years	1.45 [0.68, 2.07]	1.45 [0.65, 2.73]	1.54 [0.41, 3.14]	1.18 [0.61, 2.32]	0.79 [0.08, 1.54]	0.6
Systemic corticosteroids	42 [62%]	59 [48%]	154 [50%]	23 [53%]	21 [16%]	<0.001
Topical corticosteroids	60 [88%]	71 [58%]	170 [55%]	21 [49%]	17 [13%]	<0.001
Oral budesonide	10 [15%]	13 [11%]	38 [12%]	5 [12%]	4 [3.0%]	0.012
5-Aminosalicyclic acid	65 [96%]	118 [97%]	295 [95%]	41 [95%]	68 [51%]	<0.001
Topical 5-aminosalicyclic acid	67 [99%]	100 [82%]	212 [68%]	33 [77%]	25 [19%]	<0.001

Treatments of patients with ulcerative colitis with intact colon during first 10 years of follow up	Chronic continuous, N = 68	Chronic intermittent, N = 122	Decreasing, N = 310	Increasing, N = 43	Quiescent, N = 134	*p-value
Colectomy performed after 10 years of follow up	3 [4.4%]	4 [3.3%]	8 [2.6%]	N < 3	N < 3	0.3
Median [IQR] time to colectomy performed after 10 years of follow up, years	11.8 [11.5, 13.5]	13.9 [12.6, 14.6]	14.4 [11.8, 15.5]	16.0 [14.4, 17.6]	15.56 [15.6, 15.6]	0.6
Biological therapy	24 [35%]	27 [22%]	46 [15%]	7 [16%]	5 [3.7%]	<0.001
Median time to biological therapy, years [IQR]	7.0 [5.2, 10.8]	8.9 [6.2, 11.1]	5.4 [2.5, 11.4]	11.0 [6.8, 13.4]	16.6 [13.7, 18.7]	0.12
Median [IQR] duration of biological therapy, years	0.74 [0.24, 1.31]	0.73 [0.13, 2.93]	0.39 [0.14, 1.13]	0.95 [0.21, 2.25]	0.01 [0.00, 0.11]	0.063
Thiopurine	43 [63%]	58 [48%]	154 [50%]	21 [49%]	13 [9.7%]	<0.001
Median [IQR] time to thiopurine therapy, years	2.8 [1.2, 5.9]	2.8 [0.9, 7.7]	1.5 [0.6, 4.1]	0.7 [0.5, 7.4]	0.8 [0.3, 14.0]	0.2
Median [IQR] duration of thiopurine therapy, years	1.45 [0.68, 2.07]	1.45 [0.65, 2.73]	1.54 [0.41, 3.14]	1.18 [0.61, 2.32]	0.79 [0.08, 1.54]	0.6
Systemic corticosteroids	42 [62%]	59 [48%]	154 [50%]	23 [53%]	21 [16%]	<0.001
Topical corticosteroids	60 [88%]	71 [58%]	170 [55%]	21 [49%]	17 [13%]	<0.001
Oral budesonide	10 [15%]	13 [11%]	38 [12%]	5 [12%]	4 [3.0%]	0.012
5-Aminosalicyclic acid	65 [96%]	118 [97%]	295 [95%]	41 [95%]	68 [51%]	<0.001
Topical 5-aminosalicyclic acid	67 [99%]	100 [82%]	212 [68%]	33 [77%]	25 [19%]	<0.001

*Pearson’s chi-squared test; Fisher’s exact test; Kruskal–Wallis rank sum test.

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