Table 3. Open in new tab AHA-derived...

	Control n = 89	All POI n = 89	p^*	p^h	p^e	s-POI n = 39	i-POI n = 50	p^!	p^h	p^e
Geometrical parameters
Neck	Cortical width (mm)	5.50 ± 2.20	5.11 ± 1.73	.78	.42	.44	4.94 ± 1.60	5.23 ± 1.84	.33	.91	.63
Cortical ratio (%)	18.69 ± 7.60	17.88 ± 5.79	.91	.56	.72	17.66 ± 5.52	18.04 ± 6.04	.70	.99	.56
Shaft	Cortical width (mm)	5.15 ± 1.24	4.74 ± 1.18	.025	.03	.04	4.73 ± 1.20	4.74 ± 1.48	.02	.24	.06
Cortical ratio (%)	17.38 ± 3.80	16.64 ± 3.85	.27	.65	.16	16.17 ± 4.46	16.67 ± 4.05	.32	.56	.30
Strength indices
CSA (mm²)	157.29 ± 22.26	139.30 ± 29.08	<.001	<.001	<.001	132.31 ± 28.88	144.74 ± 28.33	<.001	<.001	<.001
CSMI (mm⁴)	10605 ± 2784.45	8848.45 ± 2771.68	<.001	.002	<.001	8038.82 ± 2671.53	9479.96 ± 2723.01	<.001	.002	<.001
SM (mm³)	665.21 ± 129.54	575.53 ± 150.88	<.001	.002	<.001	532.75 ± 144.66	6.8.89 ± 144.66	<.001	.002	<.001
SI	1.58 ± 0.44	1.390 ± 0.30	.001	<.001	.001	1.41 ± 0.30	1.37 ± 0.30	.005	.004	.005
Buckling ratio	3.35 ± 1.32	3.35 ± 1.26	.50	.98	.88	3.39 ± 1.39	3.31 ± 1.16	.96	1.00	.98
Measures of femoral alignment with the upper body
Shaft alignment (α)	1.24 ± 3.72	−2.34 ± 4.30	<.001	<.001	<.001	−5.11 ± 4.49	−1.32 ± 3.90	<.001	<.001	<.001
Neck shaft angle (θ)	126.79 ± 4.13	127.34 ± 4.88	.59	.47	.29	128.02 ± 5.74	126.80 ± 4.07	.60	.26	.11
FOA (α + θ)	128.04 ± 3.80	124.99 ± 3.18	<.001	<.001	<.001	124.36 ± 3.22	125.48 ± 3.09	<.001	<.001	<.00

Control
n = 89

All POI
n = 89

p^*

p^h

p^e

s-POI
n = 39

i-POI
n = 50

p^!

p^h

p^e

Geometrical parameters

Neck

Cortical width (mm)

5.50 ± 2.20

5.11 ± 1.73

.78

.42

.44

4.94 ± 1.60

5.23 ± 1.84

.33

.91

.63

Cortical ratio (%)

18.69 ± 7.60

17.88 ± 5.79

.91

.56

.72

17.66 ± 5.52

18.04 ± 6.04

.70

.99

.56

Shaft

Cortical width (mm)

5.15 ± 1.24

4.74 ± 1.18

.025

.03

.04

4.73 ± 1.20

4.74 ± 1.48

.02

.24

.06

Cortical ratio (%)

17.38 ± 3.80

16.64 ± 3.85

.27

.65

.16

16.17 ± 4.46

16.67 ± 4.05

.32

.56

.30

Strength indices

CSA (mm²)

157.29 ± 22.26

139.30 ± 29.08

<.001

132.31 ± 28.88

144.74 ± 28.33

<.001

CSMI (mm⁴)

10605 ± 2784.45

8848.45 ± 2771.68

<.001

.002

<.001

8038.82 ± 2671.53

9479.96 ± 2723.01

<.001

.002

<.001

SM (mm³)

665.21 ± 129.54

575.53 ± 150.88

<.001

.002

<.001

532.75 ± 144.66

6.8.89 ± 144.66

<.001

.002

<.001

1.58 ± 0.44

1.390 ± 0.30

.001

<.001

.001

1.41 ± 0.30

1.37 ± 0.30

.005

.004

.005

Buckling ratio

3.35 ± 1.32

3.35 ± 1.26

.50

.98

.88

3.39 ± 1.39

3.31 ± 1.16

.96

1.00

.98

Measures of femoral alignment with the upper body

Shaft alignment (α)

1.24 ± 3.72

−2.34 ± 4.30

<.001

−5.11 ± 4.49

−1.32 ± 3.90

<.001

Neck shaft angle (θ)

126.79 ± 4.13

127.34 ± 4.88

.59

.47

.29

128.02 ± 5.74

126.80 ± 4.07

.60

.26

.11

FOA (α + θ)

128.04 ± 3.80

124.99 ± 3.18

<.001

<.001

124.36 ± 3.22

125.48 ± 3.09

<.001

<.00

	Control n = 89	All POI n = 89	p^*	p^h	p^e	s-POI n = 39	i-POI n = 50	p^!	p^h	p^e
Geometrical parameters
Neck	Cortical width (mm)	5.50 ± 2.20	5.11 ± 1.73	.78	.42	.44	4.94 ± 1.60	5.23 ± 1.84	.33	.91	.63
Cortical ratio (%)	18.69 ± 7.60	17.88 ± 5.79	.91	.56	.72	17.66 ± 5.52	18.04 ± 6.04	.70	.99	.56
Shaft	Cortical width (mm)	5.15 ± 1.24	4.74 ± 1.18	.025	.03	.04	4.73 ± 1.20	4.74 ± 1.48	.02	.24	.06
Cortical ratio (%)	17.38 ± 3.80	16.64 ± 3.85	.27	.65	.16	16.17 ± 4.46	16.67 ± 4.05	.32	.56	.30
Strength indices
CSA (mm²)	157.29 ± 22.26	139.30 ± 29.08	<.001	<.001	<.001	132.31 ± 28.88	144.74 ± 28.33	<.001	<.001	<.001
CSMI (mm⁴)	10605 ± 2784.45	8848.45 ± 2771.68	<.001	.002	<.001	8038.82 ± 2671.53	9479.96 ± 2723.01	<.001	.002	<.001
SM (mm³)	665.21 ± 129.54	575.53 ± 150.88	<.001	.002	<.001	532.75 ± 144.66	6.8.89 ± 144.66	<.001	.002	<.001
SI	1.58 ± 0.44	1.390 ± 0.30	.001	<.001	.001	1.41 ± 0.30	1.37 ± 0.30	.005	.004	.005
Buckling ratio	3.35 ± 1.32	3.35 ± 1.26	.50	.98	.88	3.39 ± 1.39	3.31 ± 1.16	.96	1.00	.98
Measures of femoral alignment with the upper body
Shaft alignment (α)	1.24 ± 3.72	−2.34 ± 4.30	<.001	<.001	<.001	−5.11 ± 4.49	−1.32 ± 3.90	<.001	<.001	<.001
Neck shaft angle (θ)	126.79 ± 4.13	127.34 ± 4.88	.59	.47	.29	128.02 ± 5.74	126.80 ± 4.07	.60	.26	.11
FOA (α + θ)	128.04 ± 3.80	124.99 ± 3.18	<.001	<.001	<.001	124.36 ± 3.22	125.48 ± 3.09	<.001	<.001	<.00

Table 3.

Open in new tab

AHA-derived skeletal parameters in controls vs POI women.

		Control n = 89	All POI n = 89	p^*	p^h	p^e	s-POI n = 39	i-POI n = 50	p^!	p^h	p^e
Geometrical parameters
Neck	Cortical width (mm)	5.50 ± 2.20	5.11 ± 1.73	.78	.42	.44	4.94 ± 1.60	5.23 ± 1.84	.33	.91	.63
Neck	Cortical ratio (%)	18.69 ± 7.60	17.88 ± 5.79	.91	.56	.72	17.66 ± 5.52	18.04 ± 6.04	.70	.99	.56
Shaft	Cortical width (mm)	5.15 ± 1.24	4.74 ± 1.18	.025	.03	.04	4.73 ± 1.20	4.74 ± 1.48	.02	.24	.06
Shaft	Cortical ratio (%)	17.38 ± 3.80	16.64 ± 3.85	.27	.65	.16	16.17 ± 4.46	16.67 ± 4.05	.32	.56	.30
Strength indices
CSA (mm²)		157.29 ± 22.26	139.30 ± 29.08	<.001	<.001	<.001	132.31 ± 28.88	144.74 ± 28.33	<.001	<.001	<.001
CSMI (mm⁴)		10605 ± 2784.45	8848.45 ± 2771.68	<.001	.002	<.001	8038.82 ± 2671.53	9479.96 ± 2723.01	<.001	.002	<.001
SM (mm³)		665.21 ± 129.54	575.53 ± 150.88	<.001	.002	<.001	532.75 ± 144.66	6.8.89 ± 144.66	<.001	.002	<.001
SI		1.58 ± 0.44	1.390 ± 0.30	.001	<.001	.001	1.41 ± 0.30	1.37 ± 0.30	.005	.004	.005
Buckling ratio		3.35 ± 1.32	3.35 ± 1.26	.50	.98	.88	3.39 ± 1.39	3.31 ± 1.16	.96	1.00	.98
Measures of femoral alignment with the upper body
Shaft alignment (α)		1.24 ± 3.72	−2.34 ± 4.30	<.001	<.001	<.001	−5.11 ± 4.49	−1.32 ± 3.90	<.001	<.001	<.001
Neck shaft angle (θ)		126.79 ± 4.13	127.34 ± 4.88	.59	.47	.29	128.02 ± 5.74	126.80 ± 4.07	.60	.26	.11
FOA (α + θ)		128.04 ± 3.80	124.99 ± 3.18	<.001	<.001	<.001	124.36 ± 3.22	125.48 ± 3.09	<.001	<.001	<.00

		Control n = 89	All POI n = 89	p^*	p^h	p^e	s-POI n = 39	i-POI n = 50	p^!	p^h	p^e
Geometrical parameters
Neck	Cortical width (mm)	5.50 ± 2.20	5.11 ± 1.73	.78	.42	.44	4.94 ± 1.60	5.23 ± 1.84	.33	.91	.63
Neck	Cortical ratio (%)	18.69 ± 7.60	17.88 ± 5.79	.91	.56	.72	17.66 ± 5.52	18.04 ± 6.04	.70	.99	.56
Shaft	Cortical width (mm)	5.15 ± 1.24	4.74 ± 1.18	.025	.03	.04	4.73 ± 1.20	4.74 ± 1.48	.02	.24	.06
Shaft	Cortical ratio (%)	17.38 ± 3.80	16.64 ± 3.85	.27	.65	.16	16.17 ± 4.46	16.67 ± 4.05	.32	.56	.30
Strength indices
CSA (mm²)		157.29 ± 22.26	139.30 ± 29.08	<.001	<.001	<.001	132.31 ± 28.88	144.74 ± 28.33	<.001	<.001	<.001
CSMI (mm⁴)		10605 ± 2784.45	8848.45 ± 2771.68	<.001	.002	<.001	8038.82 ± 2671.53	9479.96 ± 2723.01	<.001	.002	<.001
SM (mm³)		665.21 ± 129.54	575.53 ± 150.88	<.001	.002	<.001	532.75 ± 144.66	6.8.89 ± 144.66	<.001	.002	<.001
SI		1.58 ± 0.44	1.390 ± 0.30	.001	<.001	.001	1.41 ± 0.30	1.37 ± 0.30	.005	.004	.005
Buckling ratio		3.35 ± 1.32	3.35 ± 1.26	.50	.98	.88	3.39 ± 1.39	3.31 ± 1.16	.96	1.00	.98
Measures of femoral alignment with the upper body
Shaft alignment (α)		1.24 ± 3.72	−2.34 ± 4.30	<.001	<.001	<.001	−5.11 ± 4.49	−1.32 ± 3.90	<.001	<.001	<.001
Neck shaft angle (θ)		126.79 ± 4.13	127.34 ± 4.88	.59	.47	.29	128.02 ± 5.74	126.80 ± 4.07	.60	.26	.11
FOA (α + θ)		128.04 ± 3.80	124.99 ± 3.18	<.001	<.001	<.001	124.36 ± 3.22	125.48 ± 3.09	<.001	<.001	<.00

p-value^*, level of significance between control and all POI group; p-value^!, level of significance between control, s-POI and i-POI groups. p^h adjusted for height; p^e adjusted for ethnicity. Statistically significant values are reported in bold.

Abbreviations: POI, premature ovarian insufficiency; s-POI, spontaneous premature ovarian insufficiency; i-POI, iatrogenic premature ovarian insufficiency; AHA, advanced hip analysis; CSA, cross-sectional area; CSMI, cross-sectional moment of inertia; SM, section modulus; SI, strength index; FOA, femoral orientation angle; α, angle of shaft axis with respect to vertical.

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