Associations between treatment exposures and neurocognitive impairment among glioma survivorsa
| Model and variables . | Task efficiency . | Emotional regulation . | Organization . | Memory . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RR (95% CI) . | RR (95% CI) . | RR (95% CI) . | RR (95% CI) . | |
| Model 1 | ||||
| Treatment exposure | ||||
| Surgery only | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) |
| Chemotherapy | 1.19 (0.89 to 1.59) | 0.74 (0.43 to 1.28) | 1.41 (0.99 to 2.01) | 1.15 (0.79 to 1.67) |
| Cranial RT | 1.97 (1.67 to 2.32) | 1.46 (1.11 to 1.91) | 1.49 (1.20 to 1.86) | 1.97 (1.63 to 2.38) |
| Model 2 | ||||
| Treatment exposure | ||||
| Surgery only | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) |
| Chemotherapy | 1.24 (0.92 to 1.66) | 0.72 (0.42 to 1.26) | 1.34 (0.94 to 1.90) | 1.10 (0.76 to 1.60) |
| Cranial RT | 1.91 (1.62 to 2.25) | 1.49 (1.13 to 1.96) | 1.56 (1.25 to 1.95) | 2.04 (1.69 to 2.46) |
| Treatment era | ||||
| 1970-1979 | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) |
| 1980-1989 | 0.99 (0.79 to 1.25) | 1.07 (0.66 to 1.73) | 1.73 (1.19 to 2.50) | 1.62 (1.20 to 2.19) |
| 1990-1999 | 0.83 (0.64 to 1.07) | 1.19 (0.72 to 1.98) | 1.96 (1.32 to 2.90) | 1.75 (1.27 to 2.40) |
| Model and variables . | Task efficiency . | Emotional regulation . | Organization . | Memory . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RR (95% CI) . | RR (95% CI) . | RR (95% CI) . | RR (95% CI) . | |
| Model 1 | ||||
| Treatment exposure | ||||
| Surgery only | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) |
| Chemotherapy | 1.19 (0.89 to 1.59) | 0.74 (0.43 to 1.28) | 1.41 (0.99 to 2.01) | 1.15 (0.79 to 1.67) |
| Cranial RT | 1.97 (1.67 to 2.32) | 1.46 (1.11 to 1.91) | 1.49 (1.20 to 1.86) | 1.97 (1.63 to 2.38) |
| Model 2 | ||||
| Treatment exposure | ||||
| Surgery only | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) |
| Chemotherapy | 1.24 (0.92 to 1.66) | 0.72 (0.42 to 1.26) | 1.34 (0.94 to 1.90) | 1.10 (0.76 to 1.60) |
| Cranial RT | 1.91 (1.62 to 2.25) | 1.49 (1.13 to 1.96) | 1.56 (1.25 to 1.95) | 2.04 (1.69 to 2.46) |
| Treatment era | ||||
| 1970-1979 | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) |
| 1980-1989 | 0.99 (0.79 to 1.25) | 1.07 (0.66 to 1.73) | 1.73 (1.19 to 2.50) | 1.62 (1.20 to 2.19) |
| 1990-1999 | 0.83 (0.64 to 1.07) | 1.19 (0.72 to 1.98) | 1.96 (1.32 to 2.90) | 1.75 (1.27 to 2.40) |
Multivariable models adjusted for sex, race and ethnicity, age at diagnosis, age at assessment, relapse and/or subsequent neoplasm, and neurofibromatosis 1 status. Confidence intervals (CIs) that do not include the value of 1 indicate statistically significant differences between the group of interest and the referent; relative risk (RR) >1 or <1 indicate higher or lower risk in the group of interest compared with the referent, respectively. RT = radiation therapy.
Associations between treatment exposures and neurocognitive impairment among glioma survivorsa
| Model and variables . | Task efficiency . | Emotional regulation . | Organization . | Memory . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RR (95% CI) . | RR (95% CI) . | RR (95% CI) . | RR (95% CI) . | |
| Model 1 | ||||
| Treatment exposure | ||||
| Surgery only | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) |
| Chemotherapy | 1.19 (0.89 to 1.59) | 0.74 (0.43 to 1.28) | 1.41 (0.99 to 2.01) | 1.15 (0.79 to 1.67) |
| Cranial RT | 1.97 (1.67 to 2.32) | 1.46 (1.11 to 1.91) | 1.49 (1.20 to 1.86) | 1.97 (1.63 to 2.38) |
| Model 2 | ||||
| Treatment exposure | ||||
| Surgery only | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) |
| Chemotherapy | 1.24 (0.92 to 1.66) | 0.72 (0.42 to 1.26) | 1.34 (0.94 to 1.90) | 1.10 (0.76 to 1.60) |
| Cranial RT | 1.91 (1.62 to 2.25) | 1.49 (1.13 to 1.96) | 1.56 (1.25 to 1.95) | 2.04 (1.69 to 2.46) |
| Treatment era | ||||
| 1970-1979 | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) |
| 1980-1989 | 0.99 (0.79 to 1.25) | 1.07 (0.66 to 1.73) | 1.73 (1.19 to 2.50) | 1.62 (1.20 to 2.19) |
| 1990-1999 | 0.83 (0.64 to 1.07) | 1.19 (0.72 to 1.98) | 1.96 (1.32 to 2.90) | 1.75 (1.27 to 2.40) |
| Model and variables . | Task efficiency . | Emotional regulation . | Organization . | Memory . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RR (95% CI) . | RR (95% CI) . | RR (95% CI) . | RR (95% CI) . | |
| Model 1 | ||||
| Treatment exposure | ||||
| Surgery only | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) |
| Chemotherapy | 1.19 (0.89 to 1.59) | 0.74 (0.43 to 1.28) | 1.41 (0.99 to 2.01) | 1.15 (0.79 to 1.67) |
| Cranial RT | 1.97 (1.67 to 2.32) | 1.46 (1.11 to 1.91) | 1.49 (1.20 to 1.86) | 1.97 (1.63 to 2.38) |
| Model 2 | ||||
| Treatment exposure | ||||
| Surgery only | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) |
| Chemotherapy | 1.24 (0.92 to 1.66) | 0.72 (0.42 to 1.26) | 1.34 (0.94 to 1.90) | 1.10 (0.76 to 1.60) |
| Cranial RT | 1.91 (1.62 to 2.25) | 1.49 (1.13 to 1.96) | 1.56 (1.25 to 1.95) | 2.04 (1.69 to 2.46) |
| Treatment era | ||||
| 1970-1979 | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) |
| 1980-1989 | 0.99 (0.79 to 1.25) | 1.07 (0.66 to 1.73) | 1.73 (1.19 to 2.50) | 1.62 (1.20 to 2.19) |
| 1990-1999 | 0.83 (0.64 to 1.07) | 1.19 (0.72 to 1.98) | 1.96 (1.32 to 2.90) | 1.75 (1.27 to 2.40) |
Multivariable models adjusted for sex, race and ethnicity, age at diagnosis, age at assessment, relapse and/or subsequent neoplasm, and neurofibromatosis 1 status. Confidence intervals (CIs) that do not include the value of 1 indicate statistically significant differences between the group of interest and the referent; relative risk (RR) >1 or <1 indicate higher or lower risk in the group of interest compared with the referent, respectively. RT = radiation therapy.
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