Clinical Data for PWH With Invasive Meningococcal Disease Reported by Active Bacterial Core Surveillance Sites, 2009–2019 (n = 16)
| Medical History, Physical Examination on Admission, and Complications . | PWH With AIDS, . | PWH Without AIDS, . | Total, . | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. (%) . | No. (%) . | No. (%) . | ||
| No. | 8 | 8 | 16 | |
| History | Tobacco use | 5 (62.5) | 0 | 5 (31.3) |
| Asplenia | 1 (12.5) | 0 | 1 (6.3) | |
| Complement deficiency | 0 | 1 (12.5) | 1 (6.3) | |
| Diabetes | 1 (12.5) | 1 (12.5) | 2 (12.5) | |
| Hepatitis C infection | 4 (50.0) | 1 (12.5) | 5 (31.3) | |
| Chronic renal disease | 1 (12.5) | 1 (12.5) | 2 (12.5) | |
| Previous meningococcal vaccination | Vaccinated | 0 | 1 (12.5) | 1 (6.3) |
| Unvaccinated | 4 (50.0) | 4 (50.0) | 8 (50.0) | |
| Unknown | 4 (50.0) | 3 (37.5) | 7 (43.8) | |
| Exam | Cachexia, malnourishment, or wasting | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Fever ≥100.5°F (38°C) | 5 (83.3) | 7 (87.5) | 12 (85.7) | |
| Rash | 1 (25.0) | 2 (33.3) | 3 (30.0) | |
| Altered mental status or comatose | 4 (66.7) | 5 (71.4) | 9 (69.2) | |
| Complications | ICU admission | 4 (66.7) | 4 (50.0) | 8 (57.1) |
| Respiratory failure requiring intubation | 4 (50.0) | 2 (25.0) | 6 (37.5) | |
| Purpura fulminans | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Waterhouse-Friederichsen syndrome | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Outcome | ||||
| Survived | 5 (62.5) | 8 (100) | 13 (81.3) | |
| Died | 3 (37.5) | 0 | 3 (18.8) | |
| HIV-related clinical dataa | ||||
| CDC AIDS surveillance case definition met | 8 (100) | - | 8 (50.0) | |
| History of AIDS-defining condition | 3 (37.5) | - | 3 (18.8) | |
| History of CD4 ever <200 cells/µL only | 5 (62.5) | - | 5 (31.3) | |
| Both AIDS-defining condition and CD4 criteria met | 3 (37.5) | - | 3 (18.8) | |
| Concurrent CD4 count available | 7 (87.5) | 5 (62.5) | 12 (75.0) | |
| ≥500 cells/µL | 0 | 1 (20.0) | 1 (8.3) | |
| 200–499 cells/µL | 0 | 4 (80.0) | 4 (33.3) | |
| <200 cells/µL | 7 (100) | 0 | 7 (58.3) | |
| Reported cART use | ||||
| Currently taking at time of presentation | 2 (33.3) | 3 (75.0) | 5 (50.0) | |
| Previous use | 3 (50.0) | 0 | 3 (30.0) | |
| Never used | 1 (16.7) | 1 (25.0) | 2 (20.0) | |
| Currently taking opportunistic infection prophylaxis at time of presentationb | 2 (28.6) | 0 | 2 (13.3) | |
| Medical History, Physical Examination on Admission, and Complications . | PWH With AIDS, . | PWH Without AIDS, . | Total, . | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. (%) . | No. (%) . | No. (%) . | ||
| No. | 8 | 8 | 16 | |
| History | Tobacco use | 5 (62.5) | 0 | 5 (31.3) |
| Asplenia | 1 (12.5) | 0 | 1 (6.3) | |
| Complement deficiency | 0 | 1 (12.5) | 1 (6.3) | |
| Diabetes | 1 (12.5) | 1 (12.5) | 2 (12.5) | |
| Hepatitis C infection | 4 (50.0) | 1 (12.5) | 5 (31.3) | |
| Chronic renal disease | 1 (12.5) | 1 (12.5) | 2 (12.5) | |
| Previous meningococcal vaccination | Vaccinated | 0 | 1 (12.5) | 1 (6.3) |
| Unvaccinated | 4 (50.0) | 4 (50.0) | 8 (50.0) | |
| Unknown | 4 (50.0) | 3 (37.5) | 7 (43.8) | |
| Exam | Cachexia, malnourishment, or wasting | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Fever ≥100.5°F (38°C) | 5 (83.3) | 7 (87.5) | 12 (85.7) | |
| Rash | 1 (25.0) | 2 (33.3) | 3 (30.0) | |
| Altered mental status or comatose | 4 (66.7) | 5 (71.4) | 9 (69.2) | |
| Complications | ICU admission | 4 (66.7) | 4 (50.0) | 8 (57.1) |
| Respiratory failure requiring intubation | 4 (50.0) | 2 (25.0) | 6 (37.5) | |
| Purpura fulminans | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Waterhouse-Friederichsen syndrome | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Outcome | ||||
| Survived | 5 (62.5) | 8 (100) | 13 (81.3) | |
| Died | 3 (37.5) | 0 | 3 (18.8) | |
| HIV-related clinical dataa | ||||
| CDC AIDS surveillance case definition met | 8 (100) | - | 8 (50.0) | |
| History of AIDS-defining condition | 3 (37.5) | - | 3 (18.8) | |
| History of CD4 ever <200 cells/µL only | 5 (62.5) | - | 5 (31.3) | |
| Both AIDS-defining condition and CD4 criteria met | 3 (37.5) | - | 3 (18.8) | |
| Concurrent CD4 count available | 7 (87.5) | 5 (62.5) | 12 (75.0) | |
| ≥500 cells/µL | 0 | 1 (20.0) | 1 (8.3) | |
| 200–499 cells/µL | 0 | 4 (80.0) | 4 (33.3) | |
| <200 cells/µL | 7 (100) | 0 | 7 (58.3) | |
| Reported cART use | ||||
| Currently taking at time of presentation | 2 (33.3) | 3 (75.0) | 5 (50.0) | |
| Previous use | 3 (50.0) | 0 | 3 (30.0) | |
| Never used | 1 (16.7) | 1 (25.0) | 2 (20.0) | |
| Currently taking opportunistic infection prophylaxis at time of presentationb | 2 (28.6) | 0 | 2 (13.3) | |
Percentages, shown in parentheses, were calculated based on the total with known information for each characteristic.
Abbreviations: cART, combination antiretroviral therapy; CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; ICU, intensive care unit.
aReported data on CD4 percentages and HIV viral load testing were limited and are not shown.
bDefined as taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, azithromycin, dapsone, or other medication specifically for prophylaxis against Pneumocystis pneumonia or Mycobacteriam avium complex infection.
Clinical Data for PWH With Invasive Meningococcal Disease Reported by Active Bacterial Core Surveillance Sites, 2009–2019 (n = 16)
| Medical History, Physical Examination on Admission, and Complications . | PWH With AIDS, . | PWH Without AIDS, . | Total, . | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. (%) . | No. (%) . | No. (%) . | ||
| No. | 8 | 8 | 16 | |
| History | Tobacco use | 5 (62.5) | 0 | 5 (31.3) |
| Asplenia | 1 (12.5) | 0 | 1 (6.3) | |
| Complement deficiency | 0 | 1 (12.5) | 1 (6.3) | |
| Diabetes | 1 (12.5) | 1 (12.5) | 2 (12.5) | |
| Hepatitis C infection | 4 (50.0) | 1 (12.5) | 5 (31.3) | |
| Chronic renal disease | 1 (12.5) | 1 (12.5) | 2 (12.5) | |
| Previous meningococcal vaccination | Vaccinated | 0 | 1 (12.5) | 1 (6.3) |
| Unvaccinated | 4 (50.0) | 4 (50.0) | 8 (50.0) | |
| Unknown | 4 (50.0) | 3 (37.5) | 7 (43.8) | |
| Exam | Cachexia, malnourishment, or wasting | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Fever ≥100.5°F (38°C) | 5 (83.3) | 7 (87.5) | 12 (85.7) | |
| Rash | 1 (25.0) | 2 (33.3) | 3 (30.0) | |
| Altered mental status or comatose | 4 (66.7) | 5 (71.4) | 9 (69.2) | |
| Complications | ICU admission | 4 (66.7) | 4 (50.0) | 8 (57.1) |
| Respiratory failure requiring intubation | 4 (50.0) | 2 (25.0) | 6 (37.5) | |
| Purpura fulminans | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Waterhouse-Friederichsen syndrome | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Outcome | ||||
| Survived | 5 (62.5) | 8 (100) | 13 (81.3) | |
| Died | 3 (37.5) | 0 | 3 (18.8) | |
| HIV-related clinical dataa | ||||
| CDC AIDS surveillance case definition met | 8 (100) | - | 8 (50.0) | |
| History of AIDS-defining condition | 3 (37.5) | - | 3 (18.8) | |
| History of CD4 ever <200 cells/µL only | 5 (62.5) | - | 5 (31.3) | |
| Both AIDS-defining condition and CD4 criteria met | 3 (37.5) | - | 3 (18.8) | |
| Concurrent CD4 count available | 7 (87.5) | 5 (62.5) | 12 (75.0) | |
| ≥500 cells/µL | 0 | 1 (20.0) | 1 (8.3) | |
| 200–499 cells/µL | 0 | 4 (80.0) | 4 (33.3) | |
| <200 cells/µL | 7 (100) | 0 | 7 (58.3) | |
| Reported cART use | ||||
| Currently taking at time of presentation | 2 (33.3) | 3 (75.0) | 5 (50.0) | |
| Previous use | 3 (50.0) | 0 | 3 (30.0) | |
| Never used | 1 (16.7) | 1 (25.0) | 2 (20.0) | |
| Currently taking opportunistic infection prophylaxis at time of presentationb | 2 (28.6) | 0 | 2 (13.3) | |
| Medical History, Physical Examination on Admission, and Complications . | PWH With AIDS, . | PWH Without AIDS, . | Total, . | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. (%) . | No. (%) . | No. (%) . | ||
| No. | 8 | 8 | 16 | |
| History | Tobacco use | 5 (62.5) | 0 | 5 (31.3) |
| Asplenia | 1 (12.5) | 0 | 1 (6.3) | |
| Complement deficiency | 0 | 1 (12.5) | 1 (6.3) | |
| Diabetes | 1 (12.5) | 1 (12.5) | 2 (12.5) | |
| Hepatitis C infection | 4 (50.0) | 1 (12.5) | 5 (31.3) | |
| Chronic renal disease | 1 (12.5) | 1 (12.5) | 2 (12.5) | |
| Previous meningococcal vaccination | Vaccinated | 0 | 1 (12.5) | 1 (6.3) |
| Unvaccinated | 4 (50.0) | 4 (50.0) | 8 (50.0) | |
| Unknown | 4 (50.0) | 3 (37.5) | 7 (43.8) | |
| Exam | Cachexia, malnourishment, or wasting | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Fever ≥100.5°F (38°C) | 5 (83.3) | 7 (87.5) | 12 (85.7) | |
| Rash | 1 (25.0) | 2 (33.3) | 3 (30.0) | |
| Altered mental status or comatose | 4 (66.7) | 5 (71.4) | 9 (69.2) | |
| Complications | ICU admission | 4 (66.7) | 4 (50.0) | 8 (57.1) |
| Respiratory failure requiring intubation | 4 (50.0) | 2 (25.0) | 6 (37.5) | |
| Purpura fulminans | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Waterhouse-Friederichsen syndrome | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Outcome | ||||
| Survived | 5 (62.5) | 8 (100) | 13 (81.3) | |
| Died | 3 (37.5) | 0 | 3 (18.8) | |
| HIV-related clinical dataa | ||||
| CDC AIDS surveillance case definition met | 8 (100) | - | 8 (50.0) | |
| History of AIDS-defining condition | 3 (37.5) | - | 3 (18.8) | |
| History of CD4 ever <200 cells/µL only | 5 (62.5) | - | 5 (31.3) | |
| Both AIDS-defining condition and CD4 criteria met | 3 (37.5) | - | 3 (18.8) | |
| Concurrent CD4 count available | 7 (87.5) | 5 (62.5) | 12 (75.0) | |
| ≥500 cells/µL | 0 | 1 (20.0) | 1 (8.3) | |
| 200–499 cells/µL | 0 | 4 (80.0) | 4 (33.3) | |
| <200 cells/µL | 7 (100) | 0 | 7 (58.3) | |
| Reported cART use | ||||
| Currently taking at time of presentation | 2 (33.3) | 3 (75.0) | 5 (50.0) | |
| Previous use | 3 (50.0) | 0 | 3 (30.0) | |
| Never used | 1 (16.7) | 1 (25.0) | 2 (20.0) | |
| Currently taking opportunistic infection prophylaxis at time of presentationb | 2 (28.6) | 0 | 2 (13.3) | |
Percentages, shown in parentheses, were calculated based on the total with known information for each characteristic.
Abbreviations: cART, combination antiretroviral therapy; CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; ICU, intensive care unit.
aReported data on CD4 percentages and HIV viral load testing were limited and are not shown.
bDefined as taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, azithromycin, dapsone, or other medication specifically for prophylaxis against Pneumocystis pneumonia or Mycobacteriam avium complex infection.
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