Table 1.

Summary of the simulations presented in this study. The first column specifies the type of system simulated. Second column denotes if the space–time was fixed or evolved dynamically. Third column indicates if the mesh was moving during the simulation. The fourth column contains information about the symmetry of the initial grids, which we employ in the different simulations. Fifth column indicates whether we employ cell refinement and derefinement in the respective simulation. In the sixth column, we provide an estimate for the resolution. In moving-mesh simulations, the resolution changes dynamically (see main text for more details on each simulation). In the case of the BNS systems, the resolution refers to the high-density regime in the post-merger phase. Columns seven and eight list the EOS and masses of the systems. Finally, the last column reports the characteristic frequency extracted in every simulation. In the case of TOV stars this refers to the frequency of the radial mode (f0), while for the BNS systems it is the dominant frequency in the post-merger phase. The seventeenth row ‘pert. TOV star’ provides the perturbative result of the isolated TOV star for comparison. The TOV simulations marked with * and refer to the simulation with arepo’s standard slope-limited gradient and the run with the regularization parameters set to (fshaping, β) = (0.5, 3), respectively. The systems marked with refer to the simulations discussed in Appendix D2. For the BNS simulation labelled with we do not provide a characteristic frequency, because we evolve the system for <5 ms in the post-merger phase. For simulations labelled ‘case (i)’, ‘case (ii)’, and ‘case (iii)’ see Appendix D1.

SystemSpace–timeMeshHydro grid set-upCell refinement/ResolutionEOSGravitationalCharacteristic
motion(region around stars)derefinement(m)Mass (M)Frequency
TOV starFixedMovingUniform CartesianNo≈221.4Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.664 kHz
TOV starFixedMovingUniform CartesianNo≈184.5Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.668 kHz
TOV starFixedMovingUniform CartesianNo≈147.6Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.672 kHz
TOV starFixedMovingUniform CartesianNo≈110.7Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.674 kHz
TOV star*FixedMovingUniform CartesianNo≈147.6Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.677 kHz
TOV starFixedMovingUniform CartesianNo≈147.6Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.672 kHz
TOV starFixedMovingSphericalNo≈191Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.661 kHz
TOV starFixedStaticUniform CartesianNo≈147.6Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.682 kHz
TOV starFixedStaticCartesian (lower crust resolution)No≈147.6 & 295.3Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.674 kHz
TOV starDynamicalMovingSphericalNo≈253.7H4 + Γth = 1.751.41f0 = 2.318 kHz
TOV starDynamicalMovingSphericalNo≈253.7H4 + Γth = 1.751.41f0 = 2.316 kHz
TOV starDynamicalMovingSphericalNo≈191H4 + Γth = 1.751.41f0 = 2.343 kHz
TOV starDynamicalMovingSphericalNo≈191H4 + Γth = 1.751.41f0 = 2.344 kHz
TOV starDynamicalMovingSpherical + RandomNo≈191H4 + Γth = 1.751.41f0 = 2.349 kHz
TOV starDynamicalMovingSphericalNo≈162.4H4 + Γth = 1.751.41f0 = 2.352 kHz
TOV starDynamicalStaticSphericalNo≈191H4 + Γth = 1.751.41f0 = 2.358 kHz
pert. TOV starDynamicalH41.41f0 = 2.385 kHz
BNS mergerDynamicalMovingSpherical (basedYes≈162DD2 + Γth = 1.751.35 + 1.35fpeak = 2.56 kHz
on mass distribution)
BNS mergerDynamicalMovingSpherical (basedYes≈182DD2 + Γth = 1.751.35 + 1.35fpeak = 2.55 kHz
(case (i))on mass distribution)
BNS mergerDynamicalMovingSpherical (basedYes≈162DD2 + Γth = 1.751.35 + 1.35fpeak = 2.56 kHz
(case (ii))on mass distribution)
BNS mergerDynamicalMovingSpherical (basedYes≈155DD2 + Γth = 1.751.35 + 1.35fpeak = 2.57 kHz
(case (iii))on mass distribution)
BNS mergerDynamicalMovingSpherical (basedYes≈170DD2 + Γth = 1.751.35 + 1.35
on mass distribution)
SystemSpace–timeMeshHydro grid set-upCell refinement/ResolutionEOSGravitationalCharacteristic
motion(region around stars)derefinement(m)Mass (M)Frequency
TOV starFixedMovingUniform CartesianNo≈221.4Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.664 kHz
TOV starFixedMovingUniform CartesianNo≈184.5Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.668 kHz
TOV starFixedMovingUniform CartesianNo≈147.6Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.672 kHz
TOV starFixedMovingUniform CartesianNo≈110.7Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.674 kHz
TOV star*FixedMovingUniform CartesianNo≈147.6Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.677 kHz
TOV starFixedMovingUniform CartesianNo≈147.6Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.672 kHz
TOV starFixedMovingSphericalNo≈191Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.661 kHz
TOV starFixedStaticUniform CartesianNo≈147.6Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.682 kHz
TOV starFixedStaticCartesian (lower crust resolution)No≈147.6 & 295.3Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.674 kHz
TOV starDynamicalMovingSphericalNo≈253.7H4 + Γth = 1.751.41f0 = 2.318 kHz
TOV starDynamicalMovingSphericalNo≈253.7H4 + Γth = 1.751.41f0 = 2.316 kHz
TOV starDynamicalMovingSphericalNo≈191H4 + Γth = 1.751.41f0 = 2.343 kHz
TOV starDynamicalMovingSphericalNo≈191H4 + Γth = 1.751.41f0 = 2.344 kHz
TOV starDynamicalMovingSpherical + RandomNo≈191H4 + Γth = 1.751.41f0 = 2.349 kHz
TOV starDynamicalMovingSphericalNo≈162.4H4 + Γth = 1.751.41f0 = 2.352 kHz
TOV starDynamicalStaticSphericalNo≈191H4 + Γth = 1.751.41f0 = 2.358 kHz
pert. TOV starDynamicalH41.41f0 = 2.385 kHz
BNS mergerDynamicalMovingSpherical (basedYes≈162DD2 + Γth = 1.751.35 + 1.35fpeak = 2.56 kHz
on mass distribution)
BNS mergerDynamicalMovingSpherical (basedYes≈182DD2 + Γth = 1.751.35 + 1.35fpeak = 2.55 kHz
(case (i))on mass distribution)
BNS mergerDynamicalMovingSpherical (basedYes≈162DD2 + Γth = 1.751.35 + 1.35fpeak = 2.56 kHz
(case (ii))on mass distribution)
BNS mergerDynamicalMovingSpherical (basedYes≈155DD2 + Γth = 1.751.35 + 1.35fpeak = 2.57 kHz
(case (iii))on mass distribution)
BNS mergerDynamicalMovingSpherical (basedYes≈170DD2 + Γth = 1.751.35 + 1.35
on mass distribution)
Table 1.

Summary of the simulations presented in this study. The first column specifies the type of system simulated. Second column denotes if the space–time was fixed or evolved dynamically. Third column indicates if the mesh was moving during the simulation. The fourth column contains information about the symmetry of the initial grids, which we employ in the different simulations. Fifth column indicates whether we employ cell refinement and derefinement in the respective simulation. In the sixth column, we provide an estimate for the resolution. In moving-mesh simulations, the resolution changes dynamically (see main text for more details on each simulation). In the case of the BNS systems, the resolution refers to the high-density regime in the post-merger phase. Columns seven and eight list the EOS and masses of the systems. Finally, the last column reports the characteristic frequency extracted in every simulation. In the case of TOV stars this refers to the frequency of the radial mode (f0), while for the BNS systems it is the dominant frequency in the post-merger phase. The seventeenth row ‘pert. TOV star’ provides the perturbative result of the isolated TOV star for comparison. The TOV simulations marked with * and refer to the simulation with arepo’s standard slope-limited gradient and the run with the regularization parameters set to (fshaping, β) = (0.5, 3), respectively. The systems marked with refer to the simulations discussed in Appendix D2. For the BNS simulation labelled with we do not provide a characteristic frequency, because we evolve the system for <5 ms in the post-merger phase. For simulations labelled ‘case (i)’, ‘case (ii)’, and ‘case (iii)’ see Appendix D1.

SystemSpace–timeMeshHydro grid set-upCell refinement/ResolutionEOSGravitationalCharacteristic
motion(region around stars)derefinement(m)Mass (M)Frequency
TOV starFixedMovingUniform CartesianNo≈221.4Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.664 kHz
TOV starFixedMovingUniform CartesianNo≈184.5Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.668 kHz
TOV starFixedMovingUniform CartesianNo≈147.6Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.672 kHz
TOV starFixedMovingUniform CartesianNo≈110.7Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.674 kHz
TOV star*FixedMovingUniform CartesianNo≈147.6Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.677 kHz
TOV starFixedMovingUniform CartesianNo≈147.6Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.672 kHz
TOV starFixedMovingSphericalNo≈191Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.661 kHz
TOV starFixedStaticUniform CartesianNo≈147.6Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.682 kHz
TOV starFixedStaticCartesian (lower crust resolution)No≈147.6 & 295.3Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.674 kHz
TOV starDynamicalMovingSphericalNo≈253.7H4 + Γth = 1.751.41f0 = 2.318 kHz
TOV starDynamicalMovingSphericalNo≈253.7H4 + Γth = 1.751.41f0 = 2.316 kHz
TOV starDynamicalMovingSphericalNo≈191H4 + Γth = 1.751.41f0 = 2.343 kHz
TOV starDynamicalMovingSphericalNo≈191H4 + Γth = 1.751.41f0 = 2.344 kHz
TOV starDynamicalMovingSpherical + RandomNo≈191H4 + Γth = 1.751.41f0 = 2.349 kHz
TOV starDynamicalMovingSphericalNo≈162.4H4 + Γth = 1.751.41f0 = 2.352 kHz
TOV starDynamicalStaticSphericalNo≈191H4 + Γth = 1.751.41f0 = 2.358 kHz
pert. TOV starDynamicalH41.41f0 = 2.385 kHz
BNS mergerDynamicalMovingSpherical (basedYes≈162DD2 + Γth = 1.751.35 + 1.35fpeak = 2.56 kHz
on mass distribution)
BNS mergerDynamicalMovingSpherical (basedYes≈182DD2 + Γth = 1.751.35 + 1.35fpeak = 2.55 kHz
(case (i))on mass distribution)
BNS mergerDynamicalMovingSpherical (basedYes≈162DD2 + Γth = 1.751.35 + 1.35fpeak = 2.56 kHz
(case (ii))on mass distribution)
BNS mergerDynamicalMovingSpherical (basedYes≈155DD2 + Γth = 1.751.35 + 1.35fpeak = 2.57 kHz
(case (iii))on mass distribution)
BNS mergerDynamicalMovingSpherical (basedYes≈170DD2 + Γth = 1.751.35 + 1.35
on mass distribution)
SystemSpace–timeMeshHydro grid set-upCell refinement/ResolutionEOSGravitationalCharacteristic
motion(region around stars)derefinement(m)Mass (M)Frequency
TOV starFixedMovingUniform CartesianNo≈221.4Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.664 kHz
TOV starFixedMovingUniform CartesianNo≈184.5Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.668 kHz
TOV starFixedMovingUniform CartesianNo≈147.6Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.672 kHz
TOV starFixedMovingUniform CartesianNo≈110.7Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.674 kHz
TOV star*FixedMovingUniform CartesianNo≈147.6Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.677 kHz
TOV starFixedMovingUniform CartesianNo≈147.6Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.672 kHz
TOV starFixedMovingSphericalNo≈191Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.661 kHz
TOV starFixedStaticUniform CartesianNo≈147.6Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.682 kHz
TOV starFixedStaticCartesian (lower crust resolution)No≈147.6 & 295.3Ideal gas1.4f0 = 2.674 kHz
TOV starDynamicalMovingSphericalNo≈253.7H4 + Γth = 1.751.41f0 = 2.318 kHz
TOV starDynamicalMovingSphericalNo≈253.7H4 + Γth = 1.751.41f0 = 2.316 kHz
TOV starDynamicalMovingSphericalNo≈191H4 + Γth = 1.751.41f0 = 2.343 kHz
TOV starDynamicalMovingSphericalNo≈191H4 + Γth = 1.751.41f0 = 2.344 kHz
TOV starDynamicalMovingSpherical + RandomNo≈191H4 + Γth = 1.751.41f0 = 2.349 kHz
TOV starDynamicalMovingSphericalNo≈162.4H4 + Γth = 1.751.41f0 = 2.352 kHz
TOV starDynamicalStaticSphericalNo≈191H4 + Γth = 1.751.41f0 = 2.358 kHz
pert. TOV starDynamicalH41.41f0 = 2.385 kHz
BNS mergerDynamicalMovingSpherical (basedYes≈162DD2 + Γth = 1.751.35 + 1.35fpeak = 2.56 kHz
on mass distribution)
BNS mergerDynamicalMovingSpherical (basedYes≈182DD2 + Γth = 1.751.35 + 1.35fpeak = 2.55 kHz
(case (i))on mass distribution)
BNS mergerDynamicalMovingSpherical (basedYes≈162DD2 + Γth = 1.751.35 + 1.35fpeak = 2.56 kHz
(case (ii))on mass distribution)
BNS mergerDynamicalMovingSpherical (basedYes≈155DD2 + Γth = 1.751.35 + 1.35fpeak = 2.57 kHz
(case (iii))on mass distribution)
BNS mergerDynamicalMovingSpherical (basedYes≈170DD2 + Γth = 1.751.35 + 1.35
on mass distribution)
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