Table 2: Open in new tab Clinical...

Variables

Total cohort (N = 2519)

Time-averaged Hb <100 g/l (n = 823)

Time-averaged Hb ≥100 g/l (n = 1696)

P-value

Clinical characteristics

Age (years), mean ± SD

50.2 ± 13.8

48.7 ± 14.3

50.9 ± 13.5

<.001^a

Female, n (%)

1068 (42.4)

360 (43.7)

708 (41.7)

.341^b

Height (cm), mean ± SD

165.5 ± 8.1

165.8 ± 8.0

165.3 ± 8.2

.205^a

Weight (kg), mean ± SD

63.7 ± 12.4

64.2 ± 12.2

63.5 ± 12.4

.150^a

BMI (kg/m²), mean ± SD

23.2 ± 3.6

23.3 ± 3.6

23.1 ± 3.6

.237^a

Education level, n (%)

.026^b

≤Primary school

631 (25.1)

232 (28.2)

399 (23.5)

Middle school

850 (33.8)

280 (34.0)

570 (33.6)

High school

538 (21.4)

169 (20.5)

369 (21.8)

>High school

499 (19.8)

142 (17.3)

357 (21.1)

Annual income (10 000¥), n (%)

.293^b

758 (30.1)

249 (30.3)

509 (30.0)

2–5

1026 (40.8)

348 (42.3)

678 (40.0)

5–10

516 (20.5)

167 (20.3)

349 (20.6)

>10

217 (8.6)

59 (7.2)

158 (9.3)

Health insurance, n (%)

<.001^b

Medical insurance for urban residents

1251 (49.7)

352 (42.8)

899 (53.0)

New rural cooperative medical care

1195 (47.4)

445 (54.1)

750 (44.2)

Other

73 (2.9)

26 (3.2)

47 (2.8)

Residence, n (%)

<.001^b

Urban

1109 (44.0)

315 (38.3)

794 (46.8)

Rural

1091 (43.3)

390 (47.4)

701 (41.3)

Other

319 (12.7)

118 (14.3)

201 (11.9)

DM, n (%)

733 (29.1)

245 (29.8)

488 (28.8)

.606^b

CVD, n (%)

629 (25.0)

194 (23.6)

435 (25.6)

.259^b

Primary kidney disease, n (%)

0.177^b

Hypertensive nephrosclerosis

371 (14.7)

136 (16.5)

235 (13.9)

Diabetic nephropathy

474 (18.8)

158 (19.2)

316 (18.6)

Glomerular disease

980 (38.9)

299 (36.3)

681 (40.2)

Other

694 (27.6)

230 (27.9)

464 (27.4)

Charlson comorbidity index, median (IQR)

2 (2–4)

.496^b

Time-averaged SBP (mmHg), mean ± SD

141.7 ± 14.0

145.6 ± 14.0

139.9 ± 13.7

<.001^a

Time-averaged DBP (mmHg), mean ± SD

87.6 ± 11.1

89.4 ± 11.7

86.7 ± 10.8

<.001^a

Laboratory variables (time averaged)

Serum albumin (g/l), mean ± SD

35.9 ± 4.9

33.9 ± 5.1

36.8 ± 4.6

<.001^a

Hb (g/l), mean ± SD

105.1 ± 15.0

87.9 ± 9.4

113.4 ± 8.9

hs-CRP (mg/l), median (IQR)

2.44 (0.96–5.57)

2.98 (1.08–8.34)

2.31 (0.92–5.03)

<.001^c

CRP (mg/l), median (IQR)

5.00 (2.16–8.23)

5.00 (2.62–16.98)

5.00 (1.98–7.60)

.0133^c

Inflammation status*, n (%)

644 (34.0)

231 (40.0)

413 (31.4)

<.001^b

Blood glucose (mmol/l), mean ± SD

6.0 ± 2.9

6.1 ± 4.1

6.0 ± 2.1

.456^a

Urea nitrogen (mmol/l), mean ± SD

20.7 ± 6.2

21.9 ± 6.3

20.2 ± 6.0

<.001^a

Serum creatinine (μmol/l), mean ± SD

804.5 ± 256.9

876.4 ± 281.2

769.7 ± 236.6

<.001^a

Uric acid (μmol/l), mean ± SD

395.3 ± 75.6

405.4 ±8 1.4

390.3 ± 72.1

<.001^a

Serum calcium (mmol/l), mean ± SD

2.16 ± 0.19

2.09 ± 0.20

2.20 ± 0.18

<.001^a

Serum phosphorus (mmol/l), mean ± SD

1.58 ± 0.36

1.70 ± 0.41

1.53 ± 0.32

<.001^a

Serum sodium (mmol/l), mean ± SD

139.8 ± 2.5

139.8 ± 2.9

140.1 ± 2.5

.010^a

Serum potassium (mmol/l), mean ± SD

4.25 ± 0.55

4.29 ± 0.62

4.24 ± 0.52

.031^a

Total cholesterol (mmol/l), mean ± SD

4.8 ± 1.2

4.7 ± 1.1

4.8 ± 1.3

.041^a

Triglycerides (mmol/l), median (IQR)

1.49 (1.13–2.04)

1.39 (1.06–1.93)

1.53 (1.19–2.11)

<.001^c

Bicarbonate (mmol/l), mean ± SD

25.8 ± 3.3

25.5 ± 3.8

25.9 ± 3.0

.002^a

iPTH (pg/ml), median (IQR)

280.4 (170.4–425.6)

299.1 (191.6–457.0)

271.8 (164.7–411.2)

<.001^c

TIBC (μmol/l), mean ± SD

45.6 ± 8.5

43.8 ± 8.9

46.5 ± 8.2

<.001^a

Ferritin (ng/ml), median (IQR)

190.0 (99.0–352.5)

220.4 (112.6–418.3)

178.5 (91.9–312.0)

<.001^c

Serum iron (μmol/l), median (IQR)

12.8 (10.2–15.7)

12.1 (9.1–15.4)

13.0 (10.6–15.8)

<.001^c

TSAT (%), median (IQR)

28.4 (22.6–35.9)

28.1 (21.3–37.7)

28.6 (23.1–35.1)

.581^c

Total CrCl (l/w/1.73 m²), median (IQR)

63.3 (52.0–78.4)

61.2 (51.6–75.0)

65.0 (52.1–79.6)

.001^c

Renal CrCl (l/w/1.73 m²), median (IQR)

24.4 (12.5–40.6)

20.2 (9.6–35.4)

26.6 (13.5–42.7)

<.001^c

Peritoneal CrCl (l/w/1.73 m²), median (IQR)

38.3 (31.0–45.1)

39.9 (31.4–47.2)

37.8 (30.7–44.4)

<.001^c

Total Kt/V, median (IQR)

2.01 (1.71–2.37)

1.87 (1.60–2.24)

2.07 (1.76–2.41)

<.001^c

Renal Kt/V, median (IQR)

0.61 (0.34–0.95)

0.48 (0.25–0.84)

0.67 (0.41–1.00)

<.001^c

Peritoneal Kt/V, median (IQR)

1.37 (1.11–1.63)

1.37 (1.11–1.66)

1.37 (1.12–1.63)

.966^c

RRF (ml/min), median (IQR)

2.43 (1.24–4.03)

2.01 (0.95–3.51)

2.64 (1.34–4.23)

<.001^c

Anaemia-related medicine (time averaged variables)

Iron supplementation (%), median (IQR)

–

Total iron element (mg/day), median (IQR)

66.0 (22.5–20.0)

60.0 (16.6–120.0)

71.7 (27.5–122.5)

.029^c

ESA administration (%), median (IQR)

–

Epoetin dosage (U/kg/week), median (IQR)

110.1 (76.1–154.1)

142.9 (104.0–190.2)

96.1 (67.9–137.5)

<.001^c

Variables

Total cohort (N = 2519)

Time-averaged Hb <100 g/l (n = 823)

Time-averaged Hb ≥100 g/l (n = 1696)

P-value

Clinical characteristics

Age (years), mean ± SD

50.2 ± 13.8

48.7 ± 14.3

50.9 ± 13.5

<.001^a

Female, n (%)

1068 (42.4)

360 (43.7)

708 (41.7)

.341^b

Height (cm), mean ± SD

165.5 ± 8.1

165.8 ± 8.0

165.3 ± 8.2

.205^a

Weight (kg), mean ± SD

63.7 ± 12.4

64.2 ± 12.2

63.5 ± 12.4

.150^a

BMI (kg/m²), mean ± SD

23.2 ± 3.6

23.3 ± 3.6

23.1 ± 3.6

.237^a

Education level, n (%)

.026^b

≤Primary school

631 (25.1)

232 (28.2)

399 (23.5)

Middle school

850 (33.8)

280 (34.0)

570 (33.6)

High school

538 (21.4)

169 (20.5)

369 (21.8)

>High school

499 (19.8)

142 (17.3)

357 (21.1)

Annual income (10 000¥), n (%)

.293^b

758 (30.1)

249 (30.3)

509 (30.0)

2–5

1026 (40.8)

348 (42.3)

678 (40.0)

5–10

516 (20.5)

167 (20.3)

349 (20.6)

>10

217 (8.6)

59 (7.2)

158 (9.3)

Health insurance, n (%)

<.001^b

Medical insurance for urban residents

1251 (49.7)

352 (42.8)

899 (53.0)

New rural cooperative medical care

1195 (47.4)

445 (54.1)

750 (44.2)

Other

73 (2.9)

26 (3.2)

47 (2.8)

Residence, n (%)

<.001^b

Urban

1109 (44.0)

315 (38.3)

794 (46.8)

Rural

1091 (43.3)

390 (47.4)

701 (41.3)

Other

319 (12.7)

118 (14.3)

201 (11.9)

DM, n (%)

733 (29.1)

245 (29.8)

488 (28.8)

.606^b

CVD, n (%)

629 (25.0)

194 (23.6)

435 (25.6)

.259^b

Primary kidney disease, n (%)

0.177^b

Hypertensive nephrosclerosis

371 (14.7)

136 (16.5)

235 (13.9)

Diabetic nephropathy

474 (18.8)

158 (19.2)

316 (18.6)

Glomerular disease

980 (38.9)

299 (36.3)

681 (40.2)

Other

694 (27.6)

230 (27.9)

464 (27.4)

Charlson comorbidity index, median (IQR)

2 (2–4)

.496^b

Time-averaged SBP (mmHg), mean ± SD

141.7 ± 14.0

145.6 ± 14.0

139.9 ± 13.7

<.001^a

Time-averaged DBP (mmHg), mean ± SD

87.6 ± 11.1

89.4 ± 11.7

86.7 ± 10.8

<.001^a

Laboratory variables (time averaged)

Serum albumin (g/l), mean ± SD

35.9 ± 4.9

33.9 ± 5.1

36.8 ± 4.6

<.001^a

Hb (g/l), mean ± SD

105.1 ± 15.0

87.9 ± 9.4

113.4 ± 8.9

hs-CRP (mg/l), median (IQR)

2.44 (0.96–5.57)

2.98 (1.08–8.34)

2.31 (0.92–5.03)

<.001^c

CRP (mg/l), median (IQR)

5.00 (2.16–8.23)

5.00 (2.62–16.98)

5.00 (1.98–7.60)

.0133^c

Inflammation status*, n (%)

644 (34.0)

231 (40.0)

413 (31.4)

<.001^b

Blood glucose (mmol/l), mean ± SD

6.0 ± 2.9

6.1 ± 4.1

6.0 ± 2.1

.456^a

Urea nitrogen (mmol/l), mean ± SD

20.7 ± 6.2

21.9 ± 6.3

20.2 ± 6.0

<.001^a

Serum creatinine (μmol/l), mean ± SD

804.5 ± 256.9

876.4 ± 281.2

769.7 ± 236.6

<.001^a

Uric acid (μmol/l), mean ± SD

395.3 ± 75.6

405.4 ±8 1.4

390.3 ± 72.1

<.001^a

Serum calcium (mmol/l), mean ± SD

2.16 ± 0.19

2.09 ± 0.20

2.20 ± 0.18

<.001^a

Serum phosphorus (mmol/l), mean ± SD

1.58 ± 0.36

1.70 ± 0.41

1.53 ± 0.32

<.001^a

Serum sodium (mmol/l), mean ± SD

139.8 ± 2.5

139.8 ± 2.9

140.1 ± 2.5

.010^a

Serum potassium (mmol/l), mean ± SD

4.25 ± 0.55

4.29 ± 0.62

4.24 ± 0.52

.031^a

Total cholesterol (mmol/l), mean ± SD

4.8 ± 1.2

4.7 ± 1.1

4.8 ± 1.3

.041^a

Triglycerides (mmol/l), median (IQR)

1.49 (1.13–2.04)

1.39 (1.06–1.93)

1.53 (1.19–2.11)

<.001^c

Bicarbonate (mmol/l), mean ± SD

25.8 ± 3.3

25.5 ± 3.8

25.9 ± 3.0

.002^a

iPTH (pg/ml), median (IQR)

280.4 (170.4–425.6)

299.1 (191.6–457.0)

271.8 (164.7–411.2)

<.001^c

TIBC (μmol/l), mean ± SD

45.6 ± 8.5

43.8 ± 8.9

46.5 ± 8.2

<.001^a

Ferritin (ng/ml), median (IQR)

190.0 (99.0–352.5)

220.4 (112.6–418.3)

178.5 (91.9–312.0)

<.001^c

Serum iron (μmol/l), median (IQR)

12.8 (10.2–15.7)

12.1 (9.1–15.4)

13.0 (10.6–15.8)

<.001^c

TSAT (%), median (IQR)

28.4 (22.6–35.9)

28.1 (21.3–37.7)

28.6 (23.1–35.1)

.581^c

Total CrCl (l/w/1.73 m²), median (IQR)

63.3 (52.0–78.4)

61.2 (51.6–75.0)

65.0 (52.1–79.6)

.001^c

Renal CrCl (l/w/1.73 m²), median (IQR)

24.4 (12.5–40.6)

20.2 (9.6–35.4)

26.6 (13.5–42.7)

<.001^c

Peritoneal CrCl (l/w/1.73 m²), median (IQR)

38.3 (31.0–45.1)

39.9 (31.4–47.2)

37.8 (30.7–44.4)

<.001^c

Total Kt/V, median (IQR)

2.01 (1.71–2.37)

1.87 (1.60–2.24)

2.07 (1.76–2.41)

<.001^c

Renal Kt/V, median (IQR)

0.61 (0.34–0.95)

0.48 (0.25–0.84)

0.67 (0.41–1.00)

<.001^c

Peritoneal Kt/V, median (IQR)

1.37 (1.11–1.63)

1.37 (1.11–1.66)

1.37 (1.12–1.63)

.966^c

RRF (ml/min), median (IQR)

2.43 (1.24–4.03)

2.01 (0.95–3.51)

2.64 (1.34–4.23)

<.001^c

Anaemia-related medicine (time averaged variables)

Iron supplementation (%), median (IQR)

–

Total iron element (mg/day), median (IQR)

66.0 (22.5–20.0)

60.0 (16.6–120.0)

71.7 (27.5–122.5)

.029^c

ESA administration (%), median (IQR)

–

Epoetin dosage (U/kg/week), median (IQR)

110.1 (76.1–154.1)

142.9 (104.0–190.2)

96.1 (67.9–137.5)

<.001^c

Table 2:

Open in new tab

Clinical characteristics of total cohort and patients with time-averaged Hb <100 g/l or ≥100 g/l.

Variables	Total cohort (N = 2519)	Time-averaged Hb <100 g/l (n = 823)	Time-averaged Hb ≥100 g/l (n = 1696)	P-value
Clinical characteristics
Age (years), mean ± SD	50.2 ± 13.8	48.7 ± 14.3	50.9 ± 13.5	<.001^a
Female, n (%)	1068 (42.4)	360 (43.7)	708 (41.7)	.341^b
Height (cm), mean ± SD	165.5 ± 8.1	165.8 ± 8.0	165.3 ± 8.2	.205^a
Weight (kg), mean ± SD	63.7 ± 12.4	64.2 ± 12.2	63.5 ± 12.4	.150^a
BMI (kg/m²), mean ± SD	23.2 ± 3.6	23.3 ± 3.6	23.1 ± 3.6	.237^a
Education level, n (%)				.026^b
≤Primary school	631 (25.1)	232 (28.2)	399 (23.5)
Middle school	850 (33.8)	280 (34.0)	570 (33.6)
High school	538 (21.4)	169 (20.5)	369 (21.8)
>High school	499 (19.8)	142 (17.3)	357 (21.1)
Annual income (10 000¥), n (%)				.293^b
<2	758 (30.1)	249 (30.3)	509 (30.0)
2–5	1026 (40.8)	348 (42.3)	678 (40.0)
5–10	516 (20.5)	167 (20.3)	349 (20.6)
>10	217 (8.6)	59 (7.2)	158 (9.3)
Health insurance, n (%)				<.001^b
Medical insurance for urban residents	1251 (49.7)	352 (42.8)	899 (53.0)
New rural cooperative medical care	1195 (47.4)	445 (54.1)	750 (44.2)
Other	73 (2.9)	26 (3.2)	47 (2.8)
Residence, n (%)				<.001^b
Urban	1109 (44.0)	315 (38.3)	794 (46.8)
Rural	1091 (43.3)	390 (47.4)	701 (41.3)
Other	319 (12.7)	118 (14.3)	201 (11.9)
DM, n (%)	733 (29.1)	245 (29.8)	488 (28.8)	.606^b
CVD, n (%)	629 (25.0)	194 (23.6)	435 (25.6)	.259^b
Primary kidney disease, n (%)				0.177^b
Hypertensive nephrosclerosis	371 (14.7)	136 (16.5)	235 (13.9)
Diabetic nephropathy	474 (18.8)	158 (19.2)	316 (18.6)
Glomerular disease	980 (38.9)	299 (36.3)	681 (40.2)
Other	694 (27.6)	230 (27.9)	464 (27.4)
Charlson comorbidity index, median (IQR)	2 (2–4)	2 (2–4)	2 (2–4)	.496^b
Time-averaged SBP (mmHg), mean ± SD	141.7 ± 14.0	145.6 ± 14.0	139.9 ± 13.7	<.001^a
Time-averaged DBP (mmHg), mean ± SD	87.6 ± 11.1	89.4 ± 11.7	86.7 ± 10.8	<.001^a
Laboratory variables (time averaged)
Serum albumin (g/l), mean ± SD	35.9 ± 4.9	33.9 ± 5.1	36.8 ± 4.6	<.001^a
Hb (g/l), mean ± SD	105.1 ± 15.0	87.9 ± 9.4	113.4 ± 8.9	NA
hs-CRP (mg/l), median (IQR)	2.44 (0.96–5.57)	2.98 (1.08–8.34)	2.31 (0.92–5.03)	<.001^c
CRP (mg/l), median (IQR)	5.00 (2.16–8.23)	5.00 (2.62–16.98)	5.00 (1.98–7.60)	.0133^c
Inflammation status*, n (%)	644 (34.0)	231 (40.0)	413 (31.4)	<.001^b
Blood glucose (mmol/l), mean ± SD	6.0 ± 2.9	6.1 ± 4.1	6.0 ± 2.1	.456^a
Urea nitrogen (mmol/l), mean ± SD	20.7 ± 6.2	21.9 ± 6.3	20.2 ± 6.0	<.001^a
Serum creatinine (μmol/l), mean ± SD	804.5 ± 256.9	876.4 ± 281.2	769.7 ± 236.6	<.001^a
Uric acid (μmol/l), mean ± SD	395.3 ± 75.6	405.4 ±8 1.4	390.3 ± 72.1	<.001^a
Serum calcium (mmol/l), mean ± SD	2.16 ± 0.19	2.09 ± 0.20	2.20 ± 0.18	<.001^a
Serum phosphorus (mmol/l), mean ± SD	1.58 ± 0.36	1.70 ± 0.41	1.53 ± 0.32	<.001^a
Serum sodium (mmol/l), mean ± SD	139.8 ± 2.5	139.8 ± 2.9	140.1 ± 2.5	.010^a
Serum potassium (mmol/l), mean ± SD	4.25 ± 0.55	4.29 ± 0.62	4.24 ± 0.52	.031^a
Total cholesterol (mmol/l), mean ± SD	4.8 ± 1.2	4.7 ± 1.1	4.8 ± 1.3	.041^a
Triglycerides (mmol/l), median (IQR)	1.49 (1.13–2.04)	1.39 (1.06–1.93)	1.53 (1.19–2.11)	<.001^c
Bicarbonate (mmol/l), mean ± SD	25.8 ± 3.3	25.5 ± 3.8	25.9 ± 3.0	.002^a
iPTH (pg/ml), median (IQR)	280.4 (170.4–425.6)	299.1 (191.6–457.0)	271.8 (164.7–411.2)	<.001^c
TIBC (μmol/l), mean ± SD	45.6 ± 8.5	43.8 ± 8.9	46.5 ± 8.2	<.001^a
Ferritin (ng/ml), median (IQR)	190.0 (99.0–352.5)	220.4 (112.6–418.3)	178.5 (91.9–312.0)	<.001^c
Serum iron (μmol/l), median (IQR)	12.8 (10.2–15.7)	12.1 (9.1–15.4)	13.0 (10.6–15.8)	<.001^c
TSAT (%), median (IQR)	28.4 (22.6–35.9)	28.1 (21.3–37.7)	28.6 (23.1–35.1)	.581^c
Total CrCl (l/w/1.73 m²), median (IQR)	63.3 (52.0–78.4)	61.2 (51.6–75.0)	65.0 (52.1–79.6)	.001^c
Renal CrCl (l/w/1.73 m²), median (IQR)	24.4 (12.5–40.6)	20.2 (9.6–35.4)	26.6 (13.5–42.7)	<.001^c
Peritoneal CrCl (l/w/1.73 m²), median (IQR)	38.3 (31.0–45.1)	39.9 (31.4–47.2)	37.8 (30.7–44.4)	<.001^c
Total Kt/V, median (IQR)	2.01 (1.71–2.37)	1.87 (1.60–2.24)	2.07 (1.76–2.41)	<.001^c
Renal Kt/V, median (IQR)	0.61 (0.34–0.95)	0.48 (0.25–0.84)	0.67 (0.41–1.00)	<.001^c
Peritoneal Kt/V, median (IQR)	1.37 (1.11–1.63)	1.37 (1.11–1.66)	1.37 (1.12–1.63)	.966^c
RRF (ml/min), median (IQR)	2.43 (1.24–4.03)	2.01 (0.95–3.51)	2.64 (1.34–4.23)	<.001^c
Anaemia-related medicine (time averaged variables)
Iron supplementation (%), median (IQR)	–	–	–
Total iron element (mg/day), median (IQR)	66.0 (22.5–20.0)	60.0 (16.6–120.0)	71.7 (27.5–122.5)	.029^c
ESA administration (%), median (IQR)	–	–	–
Epoetin dosage (U/kg/week), median (IQR)	110.1 (76.1–154.1)	142.9 (104.0–190.2)	96.1 (67.9–137.5)	<.001^c

Variables	Total cohort (N = 2519)	Time-averaged Hb <100 g/l (n = 823)	Time-averaged Hb ≥100 g/l (n = 1696)	P-value
Clinical characteristics
Age (years), mean ± SD	50.2 ± 13.8	48.7 ± 14.3	50.9 ± 13.5	<.001^a
Female, n (%)	1068 (42.4)	360 (43.7)	708 (41.7)	.341^b
Height (cm), mean ± SD	165.5 ± 8.1	165.8 ± 8.0	165.3 ± 8.2	.205^a
Weight (kg), mean ± SD	63.7 ± 12.4	64.2 ± 12.2	63.5 ± 12.4	.150^a
BMI (kg/m²), mean ± SD	23.2 ± 3.6	23.3 ± 3.6	23.1 ± 3.6	.237^a
Education level, n (%)				.026^b
≤Primary school	631 (25.1)	232 (28.2)	399 (23.5)
Middle school	850 (33.8)	280 (34.0)	570 (33.6)
High school	538 (21.4)	169 (20.5)	369 (21.8)
>High school	499 (19.8)	142 (17.3)	357 (21.1)
Annual income (10 000¥), n (%)				.293^b
<2	758 (30.1)	249 (30.3)	509 (30.0)
2–5	1026 (40.8)	348 (42.3)	678 (40.0)
5–10	516 (20.5)	167 (20.3)	349 (20.6)
>10	217 (8.6)	59 (7.2)	158 (9.3)
Health insurance, n (%)				<.001^b
Medical insurance for urban residents	1251 (49.7)	352 (42.8)	899 (53.0)
New rural cooperative medical care	1195 (47.4)	445 (54.1)	750 (44.2)
Other	73 (2.9)	26 (3.2)	47 (2.8)
Residence, n (%)				<.001^b
Urban	1109 (44.0)	315 (38.3)	794 (46.8)
Rural	1091 (43.3)	390 (47.4)	701 (41.3)
Other	319 (12.7)	118 (14.3)	201 (11.9)
DM, n (%)	733 (29.1)	245 (29.8)	488 (28.8)	.606^b
CVD, n (%)	629 (25.0)	194 (23.6)	435 (25.6)	.259^b
Primary kidney disease, n (%)				0.177^b
Hypertensive nephrosclerosis	371 (14.7)	136 (16.5)	235 (13.9)
Diabetic nephropathy	474 (18.8)	158 (19.2)	316 (18.6)
Glomerular disease	980 (38.9)	299 (36.3)	681 (40.2)
Other	694 (27.6)	230 (27.9)	464 (27.4)
Charlson comorbidity index, median (IQR)	2 (2–4)	2 (2–4)	2 (2–4)	.496^b
Time-averaged SBP (mmHg), mean ± SD	141.7 ± 14.0	145.6 ± 14.0	139.9 ± 13.7	<.001^a
Time-averaged DBP (mmHg), mean ± SD	87.6 ± 11.1	89.4 ± 11.7	86.7 ± 10.8	<.001^a
Laboratory variables (time averaged)
Serum albumin (g/l), mean ± SD	35.9 ± 4.9	33.9 ± 5.1	36.8 ± 4.6	<.001^a
Hb (g/l), mean ± SD	105.1 ± 15.0	87.9 ± 9.4	113.4 ± 8.9	NA
hs-CRP (mg/l), median (IQR)	2.44 (0.96–5.57)	2.98 (1.08–8.34)	2.31 (0.92–5.03)	<.001^c
CRP (mg/l), median (IQR)	5.00 (2.16–8.23)	5.00 (2.62–16.98)	5.00 (1.98–7.60)	.0133^c
Inflammation status*, n (%)	644 (34.0)	231 (40.0)	413 (31.4)	<.001^b
Blood glucose (mmol/l), mean ± SD	6.0 ± 2.9	6.1 ± 4.1	6.0 ± 2.1	.456^a
Urea nitrogen (mmol/l), mean ± SD	20.7 ± 6.2	21.9 ± 6.3	20.2 ± 6.0	<.001^a
Serum creatinine (μmol/l), mean ± SD	804.5 ± 256.9	876.4 ± 281.2	769.7 ± 236.6	<.001^a
Uric acid (μmol/l), mean ± SD	395.3 ± 75.6	405.4 ±8 1.4	390.3 ± 72.1	<.001^a
Serum calcium (mmol/l), mean ± SD	2.16 ± 0.19	2.09 ± 0.20	2.20 ± 0.18	<.001^a
Serum phosphorus (mmol/l), mean ± SD	1.58 ± 0.36	1.70 ± 0.41	1.53 ± 0.32	<.001^a
Serum sodium (mmol/l), mean ± SD	139.8 ± 2.5	139.8 ± 2.9	140.1 ± 2.5	.010^a
Serum potassium (mmol/l), mean ± SD	4.25 ± 0.55	4.29 ± 0.62	4.24 ± 0.52	.031^a
Total cholesterol (mmol/l), mean ± SD	4.8 ± 1.2	4.7 ± 1.1	4.8 ± 1.3	.041^a
Triglycerides (mmol/l), median (IQR)	1.49 (1.13–2.04)	1.39 (1.06–1.93)	1.53 (1.19–2.11)	<.001^c
Bicarbonate (mmol/l), mean ± SD	25.8 ± 3.3	25.5 ± 3.8	25.9 ± 3.0	.002^a
iPTH (pg/ml), median (IQR)	280.4 (170.4–425.6)	299.1 (191.6–457.0)	271.8 (164.7–411.2)	<.001^c
TIBC (μmol/l), mean ± SD	45.6 ± 8.5	43.8 ± 8.9	46.5 ± 8.2	<.001^a
Ferritin (ng/ml), median (IQR)	190.0 (99.0–352.5)	220.4 (112.6–418.3)	178.5 (91.9–312.0)	<.001^c
Serum iron (μmol/l), median (IQR)	12.8 (10.2–15.7)	12.1 (9.1–15.4)	13.0 (10.6–15.8)	<.001^c
TSAT (%), median (IQR)	28.4 (22.6–35.9)	28.1 (21.3–37.7)	28.6 (23.1–35.1)	.581^c
Total CrCl (l/w/1.73 m²), median (IQR)	63.3 (52.0–78.4)	61.2 (51.6–75.0)	65.0 (52.1–79.6)	.001^c
Renal CrCl (l/w/1.73 m²), median (IQR)	24.4 (12.5–40.6)	20.2 (9.6–35.4)	26.6 (13.5–42.7)	<.001^c
Peritoneal CrCl (l/w/1.73 m²), median (IQR)	38.3 (31.0–45.1)	39.9 (31.4–47.2)	37.8 (30.7–44.4)	<.001^c
Total Kt/V, median (IQR)	2.01 (1.71–2.37)	1.87 (1.60–2.24)	2.07 (1.76–2.41)	<.001^c
Renal Kt/V, median (IQR)	0.61 (0.34–0.95)	0.48 (0.25–0.84)	0.67 (0.41–1.00)	<.001^c
Peritoneal Kt/V, median (IQR)	1.37 (1.11–1.63)	1.37 (1.11–1.66)	1.37 (1.12–1.63)	.966^c
RRF (ml/min), median (IQR)	2.43 (1.24–4.03)	2.01 (0.95–3.51)	2.64 (1.34–4.23)	<.001^c
Anaemia-related medicine (time averaged variables)
Iron supplementation (%), median (IQR)	–	–	–
Total iron element (mg/day), median (IQR)	66.0 (22.5–20.0)	60.0 (16.6–120.0)	71.7 (27.5–122.5)	.029^c
ESA administration (%), median (IQR)	–	–	–
Epoetin dosage (U/kg/week), median (IQR)	110.1 (76.1–154.1)	142.9 (104.0–190.2)	96.1 (67.9–137.5)	<.001^c

DBP: diastolic blood pressure; SBP: systolic blood pressure; total Kt/V: total urea clearance.

*Inflammation status during follow-up was defined as more than half of the time points for CRP >5 mg/l or hs-CRP >3 mg/l.

^aIndependent t-test.

^bχ² test.

^cMann–Whitney U test.

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