TABLE 1
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Detection experiment results. In experiment 1 all frogs were presented scaled to a common size (35 mm) and in experiment 2 frogs were presented at their natural sizes (S = 20 mm, M = 35 mm, L = 50 mm) relative to the background.

Experiment 1
Main effect of treatment: χ2 = 529.98, df = 11, p < 0.001
ABCD
S – Mz = 1.36, p = 0.836z = −0.18, p > 0.999z = −1.16, p = 0.926z = −1.22, p = 0.904
S – Lz = 3.29, p = 0.011z = −3.47, p = 0.006z = −7.55, p < 0.001z = −5.96, p < 0.001
M – Lz = 1.96, p = 0.407z = −3.28, p = 0.012z = −6.35, p < 0.001z = −4.75, p < 0.001
Experiment 1
Main effect of treatment: χ2 = 529.98, df = 11, p < 0.001
ABCD
S – Mz = 1.36, p = 0.836z = −0.18, p > 0.999z = −1.16, p = 0.926z = −1.22, p = 0.904
S – Lz = 3.29, p = 0.011z = −3.47, p = 0.006z = −7.55, p < 0.001z = −5.96, p < 0.001
M – Lz = 1.96, p = 0.407z = −3.28, p = 0.012z = −6.35, p < 0.001z = −4.75, p < 0.001
Experiment 2
Main effect of treatment: χ2 = 689.53, df = 11, p < 0.001
ABCD
S – Mz = 5.96, p < 0.001z = 9.02, p < 0.001z = 5.48, p < 0.001z = 7.31, p < 0.001
S – Lz = 8.50, p < 0.001z = 11.59, p < 0.001z = 4.38, p < 0.001z = 7.91, p < 0.001
M – Lz = 2.83, p = 0.051z = 2.61, p = 0.095z = −1.05, p = 0.957z = 0.62, p = 0.999
Experiment 2
Main effect of treatment: χ2 = 689.53, df = 11, p < 0.001
ABCD
S – Mz = 5.96, p < 0.001z = 9.02, p < 0.001z = 5.48, p < 0.001z = 7.31, p < 0.001
S – Lz = 8.50, p < 0.001z = 11.59, p < 0.001z = 4.38, p < 0.001z = 7.91, p < 0.001
M – Lz = 2.83, p = 0.051z = 2.61, p = 0.095z = −1.05, p = 0.957z = 0.62, p = 0.999

Note: Treatment codes: Size class (S = small, M = medium, L = large) and colour manipulations (A = dorsal only, B = dorsal and spots, C = dorsal and stripe, D = dorsal, spot, and stripe). Results from fitted generalized linear mixed effects models, and pairwise general linear hypothesis tests. Pairwise comparisons where p < 0.05 are highlighted in bold.

TABLE 1
Open in new tab

Detection experiment results. In experiment 1 all frogs were presented scaled to a common size (35 mm) and in experiment 2 frogs were presented at their natural sizes (S = 20 mm, M = 35 mm, L = 50 mm) relative to the background.

Experiment 1
Main effect of treatment: χ2 = 529.98, df = 11, p < 0.001
ABCD
S – Mz = 1.36, p = 0.836z = −0.18, p > 0.999z = −1.16, p = 0.926z = −1.22, p = 0.904
S – Lz = 3.29, p = 0.011z = −3.47, p = 0.006z = −7.55, p < 0.001z = −5.96, p < 0.001
M – Lz = 1.96, p = 0.407z = −3.28, p = 0.012z = −6.35, p < 0.001z = −4.75, p < 0.001
Experiment 1
Main effect of treatment: χ2 = 529.98, df = 11, p < 0.001
ABCD
S – Mz = 1.36, p = 0.836z = −0.18, p > 0.999z = −1.16, p = 0.926z = −1.22, p = 0.904
S – Lz = 3.29, p = 0.011z = −3.47, p = 0.006z = −7.55, p < 0.001z = −5.96, p < 0.001
M – Lz = 1.96, p = 0.407z = −3.28, p = 0.012z = −6.35, p < 0.001z = −4.75, p < 0.001
Experiment 2
Main effect of treatment: χ2 = 689.53, df = 11, p < 0.001
ABCD
S – Mz = 5.96, p < 0.001z = 9.02, p < 0.001z = 5.48, p < 0.001z = 7.31, p < 0.001
S – Lz = 8.50, p < 0.001z = 11.59, p < 0.001z = 4.38, p < 0.001z = 7.91, p < 0.001
M – Lz = 2.83, p = 0.051z = 2.61, p = 0.095z = −1.05, p = 0.957z = 0.62, p = 0.999
Experiment 2
Main effect of treatment: χ2 = 689.53, df = 11, p < 0.001
ABCD
S – Mz = 5.96, p < 0.001z = 9.02, p < 0.001z = 5.48, p < 0.001z = 7.31, p < 0.001
S – Lz = 8.50, p < 0.001z = 11.59, p < 0.001z = 4.38, p < 0.001z = 7.91, p < 0.001
M – Lz = 2.83, p = 0.051z = 2.61, p = 0.095z = −1.05, p = 0.957z = 0.62, p = 0.999

Note: Treatment codes: Size class (S = small, M = medium, L = large) and colour manipulations (A = dorsal only, B = dorsal and spots, C = dorsal and stripe, D = dorsal, spot, and stripe). Results from fitted generalized linear mixed effects models, and pairwise general linear hypothesis tests. Pairwise comparisons where p < 0.05 are highlighted in bold.

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