| Variable | Analysis cohort N = 3871b | Alive at end of follow‐up n = 1521b | Died n = 2350b | p Valuea | |
| Age (years) | 77.0 ± 3.6 | 75.5 ± 2.7 | 77.9 ± 3.7 | <0.001 | |
| Education level | Primary or less | 550 (14.2) | 186 (12.2) | 364 (15.5) | <0.001 |
| Some high school | 1425 (36.8) | 541 (35.6) | 884 (37.6) | ||
| Completed HS/further | 1893 (48.9) | 793 (52.2) | 1100 (46.8) | ||
| Smoking status | Never | 1308 (33.8) | 599 (39.4) | 709 (30.2) | <0.001 |
| Former | 2372 (61.3) | 867 (57.0) | 1505 (64.1) | ||
| Current | 187 (4.8) | 54 (3.6) | 133 (5.7) | ||
| Alcohol (drinks/d) | None | 572 (18.0) | 218 (17.0) | 354 (18.6) | 0.088 |
| 1–2 | 1934 (60.8) | 807 (63.1) | 1127 (59.2) | ||
| 3+ | 676 (21.2) | 254 (19.9) | 422 (22.2) | ||
| Physical activityc | 2735 (70.8) | 1093 (72.0) | 1642 (70.0) | 0.179 | |
| Blood pressure treatment | 2319 (59.9) | 791 (52.0) | 1528 (65.0) | <0.001 | |
| Lipid‐lowering treatment | 1479 (38.2) | 585 (38.5) | 894 (38.0) | 0.793 | |
| Prevalent diabetes | 595 (15.4) | 176 (11.6) | 419 (17.8) | <0.001 | |
| Prevalent cardiovascular disease | 1989 (51.4) | 719 (47.3) | 1270 (54.0) | <0.001 | |
| Prevalent cancer | 1885 (48.7) | 672 (44.2) | 1213 (51.7) | <0.001 | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.6 ± 3.6 | 26.6 ± 3.3 | 26.5 ± 3.7 | 0.426 | |
| Waist (cm) | 99.2 ± 9.9 | 98.7 ± 9.0 | 99.4 ± 10.4 | 0.028 | |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 146.2 ± 20.1 | 146.4 ± 19.5 | 146.1 ± 20.4 | 0.653 | |
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.9 ± 1.0 | 5.0 ± 0.9 | 4.9 ± 1.0 | <0.001 | |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 0.063 | |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 93.8 ± 31.6 | 89.3 ± 17.1 | 96.8 ± 37.9 | <0.001 | |
| Vitamin D (nmol/L) | 68.4 ± 23.2 | 69.9 ± 23.8 | 67.4 ± 22.7 | <0.001 | |
| Fasting at time of blood sampling | 3030 (78.6) | 1211 (79.8) | 1819 (77.8) | 0.212 | |
| Undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ng/mL) | 11.3 ± 5.4 | 10.5 ± 4.0 | 11.8 ± 6.2 | <0.001 | |
| Total osteocalcin (ng/mL) | 21.0 ± 12.7 | 19.5 ± 10.1 | 22.0 ± 14.1 | <0.001 | |
| PINP (ng/mL) | 44.0 ± 36.9 | 41.1 ± 24.9 | 45.9 ± 43.0 | <0.001 | |
| CTX (ng/mL) | 0.32 ± 0.18 | 0.30 ± 0.15 | 0.34 ± 0.20 | <0.001 |
| Variable | Analysis cohort N = 3871b | Alive at end of follow‐up n = 1521b | Died n = 2350b | p Valuea | |
| Age (years) | 77.0 ± 3.6 | 75.5 ± 2.7 | 77.9 ± 3.7 | <0.001 | |
| Education level | Primary or less | 550 (14.2) | 186 (12.2) | 364 (15.5) | <0.001 |
| Some high school | 1425 (36.8) | 541 (35.6) | 884 (37.6) | ||
| Completed HS/further | 1893 (48.9) | 793 (52.2) | 1100 (46.8) | ||
| Smoking status | Never | 1308 (33.8) | 599 (39.4) | 709 (30.2) | <0.001 |
| Former | 2372 (61.3) | 867 (57.0) | 1505 (64.1) | ||
| Current | 187 (4.8) | 54 (3.6) | 133 (5.7) | ||
| Alcohol (drinks/d) | None | 572 (18.0) | 218 (17.0) | 354 (18.6) | 0.088 |
| 1–2 | 1934 (60.8) | 807 (63.1) | 1127 (59.2) | ||
| 3+ | 676 (21.2) | 254 (19.9) | 422 (22.2) | ||
| Physical activityc | 2735 (70.8) | 1093 (72.0) | 1642 (70.0) | 0.179 | |
| Blood pressure treatment | 2319 (59.9) | 791 (52.0) | 1528 (65.0) | <0.001 | |
| Lipid‐lowering treatment | 1479 (38.2) | 585 (38.5) | 894 (38.0) | 0.793 | |
| Prevalent diabetes | 595 (15.4) | 176 (11.6) | 419 (17.8) | <0.001 | |
| Prevalent cardiovascular disease | 1989 (51.4) | 719 (47.3) | 1270 (54.0) | <0.001 | |
| Prevalent cancer | 1885 (48.7) | 672 (44.2) | 1213 (51.7) | <0.001 | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.6 ± 3.6 | 26.6 ± 3.3 | 26.5 ± 3.7 | 0.426 | |
| Waist (cm) | 99.2 ± 9.9 | 98.7 ± 9.0 | 99.4 ± 10.4 | 0.028 | |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 146.2 ± 20.1 | 146.4 ± 19.5 | 146.1 ± 20.4 | 0.653 | |
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.9 ± 1.0 | 5.0 ± 0.9 | 4.9 ± 1.0 | <0.001 | |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 0.063 | |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 93.8 ± 31.6 | 89.3 ± 17.1 | 96.8 ± 37.9 | <0.001 | |
| Vitamin D (nmol/L) | 68.4 ± 23.2 | 69.9 ± 23.8 | 67.4 ± 22.7 | <0.001 | |
| Fasting at time of blood sampling | 3030 (78.6) | 1211 (79.8) | 1819 (77.8) | 0.212 | |
| Undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ng/mL) | 11.3 ± 5.4 | 10.5 ± 4.0 | 11.8 ± 6.2 | <0.001 | |
| Total osteocalcin (ng/mL) | 21.0 ± 12.7 | 19.5 ± 10.1 | 22.0 ± 14.1 | <0.001 | |
| PINP (ng/mL) | 44.0 ± 36.9 | 41.1 ± 24.9 | 45.9 ± 43.0 | <0.001 | |
| CTX (ng/mL) | 0.32 ± 0.18 | 0.30 ± 0.15 | 0.34 ± 0.20 | <0.001 |
Results are shown as mean ± standard deviation or n (%).
Comparison of baseline characteristics of men alive at end of follow‐up versus those who died during follow‐up.
Numbers in tabulated columns may not add up exactly to these totals as some men had missing data for particular variables.
Achieved 75 minutes or more of vigorous exercise per week or 150 minutes or more of non‐vigorous exercise per week or an equivalent combination of both moderate and vigorous physical activity.
| Variable | Analysis cohort N = 3871b | Alive at end of follow‐up n = 1521b | Died n = 2350b | p Valuea | |
| Age (years) | 77.0 ± 3.6 | 75.5 ± 2.7 | 77.9 ± 3.7 | <0.001 | |
| Education level | Primary or less | 550 (14.2) | 186 (12.2) | 364 (15.5) | <0.001 |
| Some high school | 1425 (36.8) | 541 (35.6) | 884 (37.6) | ||
| Completed HS/further | 1893 (48.9) | 793 (52.2) | 1100 (46.8) | ||
| Smoking status | Never | 1308 (33.8) | 599 (39.4) | 709 (30.2) | <0.001 |
| Former | 2372 (61.3) | 867 (57.0) | 1505 (64.1) | ||
| Current | 187 (4.8) | 54 (3.6) | 133 (5.7) | ||
| Alcohol (drinks/d) | None | 572 (18.0) | 218 (17.0) | 354 (18.6) | 0.088 |
| 1–2 | 1934 (60.8) | 807 (63.1) | 1127 (59.2) | ||
| 3+ | 676 (21.2) | 254 (19.9) | 422 (22.2) | ||
| Physical activityc | 2735 (70.8) | 1093 (72.0) | 1642 (70.0) | 0.179 | |
| Blood pressure treatment | 2319 (59.9) | 791 (52.0) | 1528 (65.0) | <0.001 | |
| Lipid‐lowering treatment | 1479 (38.2) | 585 (38.5) | 894 (38.0) | 0.793 | |
| Prevalent diabetes | 595 (15.4) | 176 (11.6) | 419 (17.8) | <0.001 | |
| Prevalent cardiovascular disease | 1989 (51.4) | 719 (47.3) | 1270 (54.0) | <0.001 | |
| Prevalent cancer | 1885 (48.7) | 672 (44.2) | 1213 (51.7) | <0.001 | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.6 ± 3.6 | 26.6 ± 3.3 | 26.5 ± 3.7 | 0.426 | |
| Waist (cm) | 99.2 ± 9.9 | 98.7 ± 9.0 | 99.4 ± 10.4 | 0.028 | |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 146.2 ± 20.1 | 146.4 ± 19.5 | 146.1 ± 20.4 | 0.653 | |
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.9 ± 1.0 | 5.0 ± 0.9 | 4.9 ± 1.0 | <0.001 | |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 0.063 | |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 93.8 ± 31.6 | 89.3 ± 17.1 | 96.8 ± 37.9 | <0.001 | |
| Vitamin D (nmol/L) | 68.4 ± 23.2 | 69.9 ± 23.8 | 67.4 ± 22.7 | <0.001 | |
| Fasting at time of blood sampling | 3030 (78.6) | 1211 (79.8) | 1819 (77.8) | 0.212 | |
| Undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ng/mL) | 11.3 ± 5.4 | 10.5 ± 4.0 | 11.8 ± 6.2 | <0.001 | |
| Total osteocalcin (ng/mL) | 21.0 ± 12.7 | 19.5 ± 10.1 | 22.0 ± 14.1 | <0.001 | |
| PINP (ng/mL) | 44.0 ± 36.9 | 41.1 ± 24.9 | 45.9 ± 43.0 | <0.001 | |
| CTX (ng/mL) | 0.32 ± 0.18 | 0.30 ± 0.15 | 0.34 ± 0.20 | <0.001 |
| Variable | Analysis cohort N = 3871b | Alive at end of follow‐up n = 1521b | Died n = 2350b | p Valuea | |
| Age (years) | 77.0 ± 3.6 | 75.5 ± 2.7 | 77.9 ± 3.7 | <0.001 | |
| Education level | Primary or less | 550 (14.2) | 186 (12.2) | 364 (15.5) | <0.001 |
| Some high school | 1425 (36.8) | 541 (35.6) | 884 (37.6) | ||
| Completed HS/further | 1893 (48.9) | 793 (52.2) | 1100 (46.8) | ||
| Smoking status | Never | 1308 (33.8) | 599 (39.4) | 709 (30.2) | <0.001 |
| Former | 2372 (61.3) | 867 (57.0) | 1505 (64.1) | ||
| Current | 187 (4.8) | 54 (3.6) | 133 (5.7) | ||
| Alcohol (drinks/d) | None | 572 (18.0) | 218 (17.0) | 354 (18.6) | 0.088 |
| 1–2 | 1934 (60.8) | 807 (63.1) | 1127 (59.2) | ||
| 3+ | 676 (21.2) | 254 (19.9) | 422 (22.2) | ||
| Physical activityc | 2735 (70.8) | 1093 (72.0) | 1642 (70.0) | 0.179 | |
| Blood pressure treatment | 2319 (59.9) | 791 (52.0) | 1528 (65.0) | <0.001 | |
| Lipid‐lowering treatment | 1479 (38.2) | 585 (38.5) | 894 (38.0) | 0.793 | |
| Prevalent diabetes | 595 (15.4) | 176 (11.6) | 419 (17.8) | <0.001 | |
| Prevalent cardiovascular disease | 1989 (51.4) | 719 (47.3) | 1270 (54.0) | <0.001 | |
| Prevalent cancer | 1885 (48.7) | 672 (44.2) | 1213 (51.7) | <0.001 | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.6 ± 3.6 | 26.6 ± 3.3 | 26.5 ± 3.7 | 0.426 | |
| Waist (cm) | 99.2 ± 9.9 | 98.7 ± 9.0 | 99.4 ± 10.4 | 0.028 | |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 146.2 ± 20.1 | 146.4 ± 19.5 | 146.1 ± 20.4 | 0.653 | |
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.9 ± 1.0 | 5.0 ± 0.9 | 4.9 ± 1.0 | <0.001 | |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 0.063 | |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 93.8 ± 31.6 | 89.3 ± 17.1 | 96.8 ± 37.9 | <0.001 | |
| Vitamin D (nmol/L) | 68.4 ± 23.2 | 69.9 ± 23.8 | 67.4 ± 22.7 | <0.001 | |
| Fasting at time of blood sampling | 3030 (78.6) | 1211 (79.8) | 1819 (77.8) | 0.212 | |
| Undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ng/mL) | 11.3 ± 5.4 | 10.5 ± 4.0 | 11.8 ± 6.2 | <0.001 | |
| Total osteocalcin (ng/mL) | 21.0 ± 12.7 | 19.5 ± 10.1 | 22.0 ± 14.1 | <0.001 | |
| PINP (ng/mL) | 44.0 ± 36.9 | 41.1 ± 24.9 | 45.9 ± 43.0 | <0.001 | |
| CTX (ng/mL) | 0.32 ± 0.18 | 0.30 ± 0.15 | 0.34 ± 0.20 | <0.001 |
Results are shown as mean ± standard deviation or n (%).
Comparison of baseline characteristics of men alive at end of follow‐up versus those who died during follow‐up.
Numbers in tabulated columns may not add up exactly to these totals as some men had missing data for particular variables.
Achieved 75 minutes or more of vigorous exercise per week or 150 minutes or more of non‐vigorous exercise per week or an equivalent combination of both moderate and vigorous physical activity.
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