Table 3. Open in new tab Factors...

	Univariate	Multivariable regression
Age (as a scale variable)	0.997 (0.996, 0.999)	<0.001	–0.015	0.98 (0.96, 1.00)	0.057
Female gender (ref. males)	2.6 (1.5, 4.4)	<0.001	0.469	1.5 (0.9, 2.8)	0.101
Asian (ref. Caucasians)	1.4 (0.7, 2.8)	0.268	0.276	1.3 (0.6, 2.7)	0.459
Native American (ref. Caucasians)	10.7 (0.6, 172.9)	0.094	1.971	7.1 (0.4, 125.4)	0.177
African American or African origin (ref. Caucasians)	1.8 (0.7, 4.2)	0.153	0.343	1.4 (0.5, 3.4)	0.454
Hispanic (ref. Caucasians)	1.9 (0.8, 4.2)	0.095	0.487	1.6 (0.7, 3.7)	0.258
Mixed (ref. Caucasians)	4.0 (1.5, 10.5)	0.004	1.029	2.7 (0.9, 8.1)	0.059
Others (ref. Caucasians)	1.6 (0.3, 7.4)	0.514	0.458	1.5 (0.3, 7.6)	0.570
AID comorbidity (ref. those without AID comorbidity)	1.8 (1.2, 2.6)	0.002	0.331	1.3 (0.9, 2.1)	0.116
Any comorbidity (non-AID) (ref. those without non-AID comorbidities)	1.0 (0.7, 1.6)	0.767	0.383	1.4 (0.9, 2.3)	0.121
Mental health disorders (ref. those without mental health disorders)	1.9 (1.3, 2.8)	<0.001	–0.184	0.8 (0.4, 1.6)	0.579
Asthma (ref. no asthma)	1.8 (1.1, 2.8)	0.009	0.288	1.3 (0.7, 2.2)	0.280
Anxiety (ref. no anxiety)	2.1 (1.4, 3.2)	<0.001	0.697	2.0 (1.04, 3.8)	0.037
Insomnia (ref. no insomnia)	2.3 (1.3, 3.9)	0.002	0.599	1.8 (0.9, 3.4)	0.068
Diabetes mellitus (ref. no diabetes)	0.5 (0.2, 1.0)	0.056	–0.696	0.4 (0.2, 1.1)	0.063
Pfizer vaccine (ref. rest of vaccine)	1.1 (0.7, 1.6)	0.507	0.915	1.0 (0.6, 1.5)	0.915
Oxford vaccine (ref. rest of vaccine)	0.5 (0.2, 1.1)	0.112	–0.344	0.7 (0.3, 1.5)	0.398
DM (ref. other IIM)	1.5 (1.01, 2.3)	0.041	0.211	1.2 (0.7, 1.9)	0.355
IBM (ref. other IIM)	0.3 (0.1, 0.7)	0.002	–0.658	0.5 (0.2, 1.1)	0.083
Rituximab use (ref. rituximab non users)	0.4 (0.2, 1.0)	0.055	–1.074	0.3 (0.1, 0.7)	0.010
AZA use (ref. AZA non users)	0.4 (0.1, 1.0)	0.060	–1.067	0.3 (0.1, 0.8)	0.016

Univariate

Multivariable regression

OR (95% CI)

Beta

OR (95% CI)^a

Age (as a scale variable)

0.997 (0.996, 0.999)

<0.001

–0.015

0.98 (0.96, 1.00)

0.057

Female gender (ref. males)

2.6 (1.5, 4.4)

<0.001

0.469

1.5 (0.9, 2.8)

0.101

Asian (ref. Caucasians)

1.4 (0.7, 2.8)

0.268

0.276

1.3 (0.6, 2.7)

0.459

Native American (ref. Caucasians)

10.7 (0.6, 172.9)

0.094

1.971

7.1 (0.4, 125.4)

0.177

African American or African origin (ref. Caucasians)

1.8 (0.7, 4.2)

0.153

0.343

1.4 (0.5, 3.4)

0.454

Hispanic (ref. Caucasians)

1.9 (0.8, 4.2)

0.095

0.487

1.6 (0.7, 3.7)

0.258

Mixed (ref. Caucasians)

4.0 (1.5, 10.5)

0.004

1.029

2.7 (0.9, 8.1)

0.059

Others (ref. Caucasians)

1.6 (0.3, 7.4)

0.514

0.458

1.5 (0.3, 7.6)

0.570

AID comorbidity (ref. those without AID comorbidity)

1.8 (1.2, 2.6)

0.002

0.331

1.3 (0.9, 2.1)

0.116

Any comorbidity (non-AID) (ref. those without non-AID comorbidities)

1.0 (0.7, 1.6)

0.767

0.383

1.4 (0.9, 2.3)

0.121

Mental health disorders (ref. those without mental health disorders)

1.9 (1.3, 2.8)

<0.001

–0.184

0.8 (0.4, 1.6)

0.579

Asthma (ref. no asthma)

1.8 (1.1, 2.8)

0.009

0.288

1.3 (0.7, 2.2)

0.280

Anxiety (ref. no anxiety)

2.1 (1.4, 3.2)

<0.001

0.697

2.0 (1.04, 3.8)

0.037

Insomnia (ref. no insomnia)

2.3 (1.3, 3.9)

0.002

0.599

1.8 (0.9, 3.4)

0.068

Diabetes mellitus (ref. no diabetes)

0.5 (0.2, 1.0)

0.056

–0.696

0.4 (0.2, 1.1)

0.063

Pfizer vaccine (ref. rest of vaccine)

1.1 (0.7, 1.6)

0.507

0.915

1.0 (0.6, 1.5)

0.915

Oxford vaccine (ref. rest of vaccine)

0.5 (0.2, 1.1)

0.112

–0.344

0.7 (0.3, 1.5)

0.398

DM (ref. other IIM)

1.5 (1.01, 2.3)

0.041

0.211

1.2 (0.7, 1.9)

0.355

IBM (ref. other IIM)

0.3 (0.1, 0.7)

0.002

–0.658

0.5 (0.2, 1.1)

0.083

Rituximab use (ref. rituximab non users)

0.4 (0.2, 1.0)

0.055

–1.074

0.3 (0.1, 0.7)

0.010

AZA use (ref. AZA non users)

0.4 (0.1, 1.0)

0.060

–1.067

0.3 (0.1, 0.8)

0.016

	Univariate	Multivariable regression
Age (as a scale variable)	0.997 (0.996, 0.999)	<0.001	–0.015	0.98 (0.96, 1.00)	0.057
Female gender (ref. males)	2.6 (1.5, 4.4)	<0.001	0.469	1.5 (0.9, 2.8)	0.101
Asian (ref. Caucasians)	1.4 (0.7, 2.8)	0.268	0.276	1.3 (0.6, 2.7)	0.459
Native American (ref. Caucasians)	10.7 (0.6, 172.9)	0.094	1.971	7.1 (0.4, 125.4)	0.177
African American or African origin (ref. Caucasians)	1.8 (0.7, 4.2)	0.153	0.343	1.4 (0.5, 3.4)	0.454
Hispanic (ref. Caucasians)	1.9 (0.8, 4.2)	0.095	0.487	1.6 (0.7, 3.7)	0.258
Mixed (ref. Caucasians)	4.0 (1.5, 10.5)	0.004	1.029	2.7 (0.9, 8.1)	0.059
Others (ref. Caucasians)	1.6 (0.3, 7.4)	0.514	0.458	1.5 (0.3, 7.6)	0.570
AID comorbidity (ref. those without AID comorbidity)	1.8 (1.2, 2.6)	0.002	0.331	1.3 (0.9, 2.1)	0.116
Any comorbidity (non-AID) (ref. those without non-AID comorbidities)	1.0 (0.7, 1.6)	0.767	0.383	1.4 (0.9, 2.3)	0.121
Mental health disorders (ref. those without mental health disorders)	1.9 (1.3, 2.8)	<0.001	–0.184	0.8 (0.4, 1.6)	0.579
Asthma (ref. no asthma)	1.8 (1.1, 2.8)	0.009	0.288	1.3 (0.7, 2.2)	0.280
Anxiety (ref. no anxiety)	2.1 (1.4, 3.2)	<0.001	0.697	2.0 (1.04, 3.8)	0.037
Insomnia (ref. no insomnia)	2.3 (1.3, 3.9)	0.002	0.599	1.8 (0.9, 3.4)	0.068
Diabetes mellitus (ref. no diabetes)	0.5 (0.2, 1.0)	0.056	–0.696	0.4 (0.2, 1.1)	0.063
Pfizer vaccine (ref. rest of vaccine)	1.1 (0.7, 1.6)	0.507	0.915	1.0 (0.6, 1.5)	0.915
Oxford vaccine (ref. rest of vaccine)	0.5 (0.2, 1.1)	0.112	–0.344	0.7 (0.3, 1.5)	0.398
DM (ref. other IIM)	1.5 (1.01, 2.3)	0.041	0.211	1.2 (0.7, 1.9)	0.355
IBM (ref. other IIM)	0.3 (0.1, 0.7)	0.002	–0.658	0.5 (0.2, 1.1)	0.083
Rituximab use (ref. rituximab non users)	0.4 (0.2, 1.0)	0.055	–1.074	0.3 (0.1, 0.7)	0.010
AZA use (ref. AZA non users)	0.4 (0.1, 1.0)	0.060	–1.067	0.3 (0.1, 0.8)	0.016

Table 3.

Open in new tab

Factors associated with patient-reported flares following vaccination among IIM patients

	Univariate		Multivariable regression
	OR (95% CI)	P	Beta	OR (95% CI)^a	P
Age (as a scale variable)	0.997 (0.996, 0.999)	<0.001	–0.015	0.98 (0.96, 1.00)	0.057
Female gender (ref. males)	2.6 (1.5, 4.4)	<0.001	0.469	1.5 (0.9, 2.8)	0.101
Asian (ref. Caucasians)	1.4 (0.7, 2.8)	0.268	0.276	1.3 (0.6, 2.7)	0.459
Native American (ref. Caucasians)	10.7 (0.6, 172.9)	0.094	1.971	7.1 (0.4, 125.4)	0.177
African American or African origin (ref. Caucasians)	1.8 (0.7, 4.2)	0.153	0.343	1.4 (0.5, 3.4)	0.454
Hispanic (ref. Caucasians)	1.9 (0.8, 4.2)	0.095	0.487	1.6 (0.7, 3.7)	0.258
Mixed (ref. Caucasians)	4.0 (1.5, 10.5)	0.004	1.029	2.7 (0.9, 8.1)	0.059
Others (ref. Caucasians)	1.6 (0.3, 7.4)	0.514	0.458	1.5 (0.3, 7.6)	0.570
AID comorbidity (ref. those without AID comorbidity)	1.8 (1.2, 2.6)	0.002	0.331	1.3 (0.9, 2.1)	0.116
Any comorbidity (non-AID) (ref. those without non-AID comorbidities)	1.0 (0.7, 1.6)	0.767	0.383	1.4 (0.9, 2.3)	0.121
Mental health disorders (ref. those without mental health disorders)	1.9 (1.3, 2.8)	<0.001	–0.184	0.8 (0.4, 1.6)	0.579
Asthma (ref. no asthma)	1.8 (1.1, 2.8)	0.009	0.288	1.3 (0.7, 2.2)	0.280
Anxiety (ref. no anxiety)	2.1 (1.4, 3.2)	<0.001	0.697	2.0 (1.04, 3.8)	0.037
Insomnia (ref. no insomnia)	2.3 (1.3, 3.9)	0.002	0.599	1.8 (0.9, 3.4)	0.068
Diabetes mellitus (ref. no diabetes)	0.5 (0.2, 1.0)	0.056	–0.696	0.4 (0.2, 1.1)	0.063
Pfizer vaccine (ref. rest of vaccine)	1.1 (0.7, 1.6)	0.507	0.915	1.0 (0.6, 1.5)	0.915
Oxford vaccine (ref. rest of vaccine)	0.5 (0.2, 1.1)	0.112	–0.344	0.7 (0.3, 1.5)	0.398
DM (ref. other IIM)	1.5 (1.01, 2.3)	0.041	0.211	1.2 (0.7, 1.9)	0.355
IBM (ref. other IIM)	0.3 (0.1, 0.7)	0.002	–0.658	0.5 (0.2, 1.1)	0.083
Rituximab use (ref. rituximab non users)	0.4 (0.2, 1.0)	0.055	–1.074	0.3 (0.1, 0.7)	0.010
AZA use (ref. AZA non users)	0.4 (0.1, 1.0)	0.060	–1.067	0.3 (0.1, 0.8)	0.016

	Univariate		Multivariable regression
	OR (95% CI)	P	Beta	OR (95% CI)^a	P
Age (as a scale variable)	0.997 (0.996, 0.999)	<0.001	–0.015	0.98 (0.96, 1.00)	0.057
Female gender (ref. males)	2.6 (1.5, 4.4)	<0.001	0.469	1.5 (0.9, 2.8)	0.101
Asian (ref. Caucasians)	1.4 (0.7, 2.8)	0.268	0.276	1.3 (0.6, 2.7)	0.459
Native American (ref. Caucasians)	10.7 (0.6, 172.9)	0.094	1.971	7.1 (0.4, 125.4)	0.177
African American or African origin (ref. Caucasians)	1.8 (0.7, 4.2)	0.153	0.343	1.4 (0.5, 3.4)	0.454
Hispanic (ref. Caucasians)	1.9 (0.8, 4.2)	0.095	0.487	1.6 (0.7, 3.7)	0.258
Mixed (ref. Caucasians)	4.0 (1.5, 10.5)	0.004	1.029	2.7 (0.9, 8.1)	0.059
Others (ref. Caucasians)	1.6 (0.3, 7.4)	0.514	0.458	1.5 (0.3, 7.6)	0.570
AID comorbidity (ref. those without AID comorbidity)	1.8 (1.2, 2.6)	0.002	0.331	1.3 (0.9, 2.1)	0.116
Any comorbidity (non-AID) (ref. those without non-AID comorbidities)	1.0 (0.7, 1.6)	0.767	0.383	1.4 (0.9, 2.3)	0.121
Mental health disorders (ref. those without mental health disorders)	1.9 (1.3, 2.8)	<0.001	–0.184	0.8 (0.4, 1.6)	0.579
Asthma (ref. no asthma)	1.8 (1.1, 2.8)	0.009	0.288	1.3 (0.7, 2.2)	0.280
Anxiety (ref. no anxiety)	2.1 (1.4, 3.2)	<0.001	0.697	2.0 (1.04, 3.8)	0.037
Insomnia (ref. no insomnia)	2.3 (1.3, 3.9)	0.002	0.599	1.8 (0.9, 3.4)	0.068
Diabetes mellitus (ref. no diabetes)	0.5 (0.2, 1.0)	0.056	–0.696	0.4 (0.2, 1.1)	0.063
Pfizer vaccine (ref. rest of vaccine)	1.1 (0.7, 1.6)	0.507	0.915	1.0 (0.6, 1.5)	0.915
Oxford vaccine (ref. rest of vaccine)	0.5 (0.2, 1.1)	0.112	–0.344	0.7 (0.3, 1.5)	0.398
DM (ref. other IIM)	1.5 (1.01, 2.3)	0.041	0.211	1.2 (0.7, 1.9)	0.355
IBM (ref. other IIM)	0.3 (0.1, 0.7)	0.002	–0.658	0.5 (0.2, 1.1)	0.083
Rituximab use (ref. rituximab non users)	0.4 (0.2, 1.0)	0.055	–1.074	0.3 (0.1, 0.7)	0.010
AZA use (ref. AZA non users)	0.4 (0.1, 1.0)	0.060	–1.067	0.3 (0.1, 0.8)	0.016

Binary logistic regression was adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, vaccine type and other factors significant (P < 0.05) or nearing significance (P < 0.07) in univariate analysis were used as covariates using enter method. Bold indicates statistical significance (P < 0.05). IIM: idiopathic inflammatory myopathies; OR: odds ratio; ref: reference group; AID: autoimmune disease.

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