Table 1 Open in new tab Summary of... | Oxford Academic

Table 1

Open in new tab

Summary of literature review

Reference	Finding	Research gap/suggestion
[17]	In Thailand, EVs can be charged with solar PV and wind turbines, reducing the overall energy cost	• Scaling up to the country’s level
[18]	The high penetration of EV cars such as the EV100 could change the peak demand from afternoon to night, which needs additional generation capacity from this case	• More power generation will require natural gas and coal to support EVs
[19]	The EV@30 policy could increase electricity demand by 12% from the BAU trend in 2035	• A rapid increase in power demand may occur due to rising EVs
[20]	In the Alternative Energy Development Program 2018 scenario, high renewable-energy penetrations could reduce CO $_{2}$ emissions by 38 million tons in 2037 compared with BAU scenarios	• Energy storage and smart grid need to be supported by the system
[21]	There could be 30 MtCO $_{2 e q}$ of greenhouse gas emissions from electricity generation for EVs 2050. Also, Thailand has the highest emission compared with the regional countries	• EV charging system should be prepared • Green energy should supply EV charging
[22]	Two-fifths of the electricity generation will be supported by the charging demand for EVs in 2040, which is increased from the Government Electric Vehicle expansion roadmap, which states that all newly registered vehicles after 2035 will be zero-emission vehicles	• Should develop the charging behaviour, corresponding peak load and grid impact
[23]	EV charging negatively affects generating schedule and reliability of Thailand’s power system because the spinning reserve cannot support the charging strategy	• Unit commitment and economic dispatch need to be simulated with the Power Development Plan
[24]	Using the demand–response system through direct load control can decrease peak load, making the system more stable and reliable for EV charging services	• Based on Provincial Electricity Authority feeder data and EV direct current chargers
[25]	In 2027, CO $_{2}$ emissions could be increased by 5% due to the adoption goal of 15.58 million EVs by 2035	• The impact of EVs increased in the electricity sector
[26]	Subsidized off-peak tariff to maintain the charging power at 60% of the transformer sharing can release stress on the power system by ensuring voltage reduction	• Residential load level • Technical results
[27]	More than US$1000/tCO $_{2}$ can help Thailand achieve the non-emissions goal by 2050. Likewise, wind and solar power are major factors for CO $_{2}$ reduction	• Investigate CO $_{2}$ mitigation in sectoral • Challenges in the use of high amounts of renewable energy
[28]	Increasing carbon taxes can make the number of renewable-energy technologies notable, while fossil fuel power plants are significantly reduced	• The Power Development Plan should consider the diversity of power sources and carbon taxes

Reference	Finding	Research gap/suggestion
[17]	In Thailand, EVs can be charged with solar PV and wind turbines, reducing the overall energy cost	• Scaling up to the country’s level
[18]	The high penetration of EV cars such as the EV100 could change the peak demand from afternoon to night, which needs additional generation capacity from this case	• More power generation will require natural gas and coal to support EVs
[19]	The EV@30 policy could increase electricity demand by 12% from the BAU trend in 2035	• A rapid increase in power demand may occur due to rising EVs
[20]	In the Alternative Energy Development Program 2018 scenario, high renewable-energy penetrations could reduce CO $_{2}$ emissions by 38 million tons in 2037 compared with BAU scenarios	• Energy storage and smart grid need to be supported by the system
[21]	There could be 30 MtCO $_{2 e q}$ of greenhouse gas emissions from electricity generation for EVs 2050. Also, Thailand has the highest emission compared with the regional countries	• EV charging system should be prepared • Green energy should supply EV charging
[22]	Two-fifths of the electricity generation will be supported by the charging demand for EVs in 2040, which is increased from the Government Electric Vehicle expansion roadmap, which states that all newly registered vehicles after 2035 will be zero-emission vehicles	• Should develop the charging behaviour, corresponding peak load and grid impact
[23]	EV charging negatively affects generating schedule and reliability of Thailand’s power system because the spinning reserve cannot support the charging strategy	• Unit commitment and economic dispatch need to be simulated with the Power Development Plan
[24]	Using the demand–response system through direct load control can decrease peak load, making the system more stable and reliable for EV charging services	• Based on Provincial Electricity Authority feeder data and EV direct current chargers
[25]	In 2027, CO $_{2}$ emissions could be increased by 5% due to the adoption goal of 15.58 million EVs by 2035	• The impact of EVs increased in the electricity sector
[26]	Subsidized off-peak tariff to maintain the charging power at 60% of the transformer sharing can release stress on the power system by ensuring voltage reduction	• Residential load level • Technical results
[27]	More than US$1000/tCO $_{2}$ can help Thailand achieve the non-emissions goal by 2050. Likewise, wind and solar power are major factors for CO $_{2}$ reduction	• Investigate CO $_{2}$ mitigation in sectoral • Challenges in the use of high amounts of renewable energy
[28]	Increasing carbon taxes can make the number of renewable-energy technologies notable, while fossil fuel power plants are significantly reduced	• The Power Development Plan should consider the diversity of power sources and carbon taxes

Table 1

Open in new tab

Summary of literature review

Reference	Finding	Research gap/suggestion
[17]	In Thailand, EVs can be charged with solar PV and wind turbines, reducing the overall energy cost	• Scaling up to the country’s level
[18]	The high penetration of EV cars such as the EV100 could change the peak demand from afternoon to night, which needs additional generation capacity from this case	• More power generation will require natural gas and coal to support EVs
[19]	The EV@30 policy could increase electricity demand by 12% from the BAU trend in 2035	• A rapid increase in power demand may occur due to rising EVs
[20]	In the Alternative Energy Development Program 2018 scenario, high renewable-energy penetrations could reduce CO $_{2}$ emissions by 38 million tons in 2037 compared with BAU scenarios	• Energy storage and smart grid need to be supported by the system
[21]	There could be 30 MtCO $_{2 e q}$ of greenhouse gas emissions from electricity generation for EVs 2050. Also, Thailand has the highest emission compared with the regional countries	• EV charging system should be prepared • Green energy should supply EV charging
[22]	Two-fifths of the electricity generation will be supported by the charging demand for EVs in 2040, which is increased from the Government Electric Vehicle expansion roadmap, which states that all newly registered vehicles after 2035 will be zero-emission vehicles	• Should develop the charging behaviour, corresponding peak load and grid impact
[23]	EV charging negatively affects generating schedule and reliability of Thailand’s power system because the spinning reserve cannot support the charging strategy	• Unit commitment and economic dispatch need to be simulated with the Power Development Plan
[24]	Using the demand–response system through direct load control can decrease peak load, making the system more stable and reliable for EV charging services	• Based on Provincial Electricity Authority feeder data and EV direct current chargers
[25]	In 2027, CO $_{2}$ emissions could be increased by 5% due to the adoption goal of 15.58 million EVs by 2035	• The impact of EVs increased in the electricity sector
[26]	Subsidized off-peak tariff to maintain the charging power at 60% of the transformer sharing can release stress on the power system by ensuring voltage reduction	• Residential load level • Technical results
[27]	More than US$1000/tCO $_{2}$ can help Thailand achieve the non-emissions goal by 2050. Likewise, wind and solar power are major factors for CO $_{2}$ reduction	• Investigate CO $_{2}$ mitigation in sectoral • Challenges in the use of high amounts of renewable energy
[28]	Increasing carbon taxes can make the number of renewable-energy technologies notable, while fossil fuel power plants are significantly reduced	• The Power Development Plan should consider the diversity of power sources and carbon taxes

Reference	Finding	Research gap/suggestion
[17]	In Thailand, EVs can be charged with solar PV and wind turbines, reducing the overall energy cost	• Scaling up to the country’s level
[18]	The high penetration of EV cars such as the EV100 could change the peak demand from afternoon to night, which needs additional generation capacity from this case	• More power generation will require natural gas and coal to support EVs
[19]	The EV@30 policy could increase electricity demand by 12% from the BAU trend in 2035	• A rapid increase in power demand may occur due to rising EVs
[20]	In the Alternative Energy Development Program 2018 scenario, high renewable-energy penetrations could reduce CO $_{2}$ emissions by 38 million tons in 2037 compared with BAU scenarios	• Energy storage and smart grid need to be supported by the system
[21]	There could be 30 MtCO $_{2 e q}$ of greenhouse gas emissions from electricity generation for EVs 2050. Also, Thailand has the highest emission compared with the regional countries	• EV charging system should be prepared • Green energy should supply EV charging
[22]	Two-fifths of the electricity generation will be supported by the charging demand for EVs in 2040, which is increased from the Government Electric Vehicle expansion roadmap, which states that all newly registered vehicles after 2035 will be zero-emission vehicles	• Should develop the charging behaviour, corresponding peak load and grid impact
[23]	EV charging negatively affects generating schedule and reliability of Thailand’s power system because the spinning reserve cannot support the charging strategy	• Unit commitment and economic dispatch need to be simulated with the Power Development Plan
[24]	Using the demand–response system through direct load control can decrease peak load, making the system more stable and reliable for EV charging services	• Based on Provincial Electricity Authority feeder data and EV direct current chargers
[25]	In 2027, CO $_{2}$ emissions could be increased by 5% due to the adoption goal of 15.58 million EVs by 2035	• The impact of EVs increased in the electricity sector
[26]	Subsidized off-peak tariff to maintain the charging power at 60% of the transformer sharing can release stress on the power system by ensuring voltage reduction	• Residential load level • Technical results
[27]	More than US$1000/tCO $_{2}$ can help Thailand achieve the non-emissions goal by 2050. Likewise, wind and solar power are major factors for CO $_{2}$ reduction	• Investigate CO $_{2}$ mitigation in sectoral • Challenges in the use of high amounts of renewable energy
[28]	Increasing carbon taxes can make the number of renewable-energy technologies notable, while fossil fuel power plants are significantly reduced	• The Power Development Plan should consider the diversity of power sources and carbon taxes