Table 1 Open in new tab Characteristics...

Table 1

Characteristics of included literature (n = 120).

Characteristic	No. of articles	Total articles, %
Method type
Expert review	9	8
Name list	27	23
Name algorithm	55	46
Machine learning	14	12
Data linkage	9	8
Other	6	5
Race/ethnicity improved^a
American Indian/Alaska Native	14	12
Asian	56	47
Black	42	35
Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin	49	41
Middle Eastern or North African	14	12
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander	7	6
White	51	43
Multiracial	9	8
Other	35	29
Publication year range
1970–1979	1	1
1980–1989	3	3
1990–1999	16	13
2000–2009	37	31
2010–2019	45	38
2020–2022	18	15
Geographic context
United States	65	54
United Kingdom	16	13
Canada	13	11
Australia	5	4
Multiple countries	10	8
Other	11	9
Reference population size
0–99	0	0
100–999	0	0
1000–9999	2	2
10 000–99 999	8	7
100 000–999 999	8	7
>1 000 000	10	8
Not applicable	92	77
Target population size
0–99	0	0
100–999	11	9
1000–9999	17	14
10 000–99 999	20	17
100 000–999 999	26	22
>1 000 000	30	25
Not applicable	16	13
Method validated
Yes	86	72
No	34	28

Characteristic	No. of articles	Total articles, %
Method type
Expert review	9	8
Name list	27	23
Name algorithm	55	46
Machine learning	14	12
Data linkage	9	8
Other	6	5
Race/ethnicity improved^a
American Indian/Alaska Native	14	12
Asian	56	47
Black	42	35
Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin	49	41
Middle Eastern or North African	14	12
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander	7	6
White	51	43
Multiracial	9	8
Other	35	29
Publication year range
1970–1979	1	1
1980–1989	3	3
1990–1999	16	13
2000–2009	37	31
2010–2019	45	38
2020–2022	18	15
Geographic context
United States	65	54
United Kingdom	16	13
Canada	13	11
Australia	5	4
Multiple countries	10	8
Other	11	9
Reference population size
0–99	0	0
100–999	0	0
1000–9999	2	2
10 000–99 999	8	7
100 000–999 999	8	7
>1 000 000	10	8
Not applicable	92	77
Target population size
0–99	0	0
100–999	11	9
1000–9999	17	14
10 000–99 999	20	17
100 000–999 999	26	22
>1 000 000	30	25
Not applicable	16	13
Method validated
Yes	86	72
No	34	28

^a Not mutually exclusive.