Table 1. Open in new tab Patient...

	PW	HW
Demographics and socioeconomic characteristics
Age, years, mean (SD)	53.7 (8.5)	50.4 (12.9)	57.0 (11.0)	65.3 (6.8)	64.0 (13.1)	71.3 (9.2)
Gender,^a female, n (%)	17 (51.5)	86 (77.5)	20 (80.0)	–	–	–
College graduate,^a n (%)		99 (89.2)	24 (96.0)	26 (96.3)	–	–
BMI, kg/m², mean (SD)	24.7 (5.6)	21.8 (3.3)	22.4 (3.0)	21.9 (4.1)	22.0 (2.9)	21.6 (4.4)
Comorbidities
Cancer, n (%)	2 (6.1)	2 (1.8)	1 (4.0)	5 (18.5)	5 (9.8)	5 (17.9)
Serious infection, n (%)	2 (6.1)	5 (4.5)	3 (12.0)	4 (14.8)	4 (7.8)	6 (21.4)
Herpes zoster, n (%)	4 (12.1)	11 (9.9)	1 (4.0)	2 (7.4)	5 (9.8)	5 (17.9)
Cardio/cerebrovascular disease, n (%)	1 (3.0)	4 (3.6)	2 (8.0)	2 (7.4)	9 (17.6)	3 (10.7)
Hypertension, n (%)	5 (15.2)	16 (14.4)	8 (32.0)	12 (44.4)	16 (31.4)	16 (57.1)
Hyperlipidaemia, n (%)	3 (9.1)	10 (9.0)	6 (24.0)	6 (22.2)	12 (23.5)	8 (28.6)
Diabetes mellitus, n (%)	5 (15.2)	1 (0.9)	5 (20.0)	1 (3.7)	5 (9.8)	5 (17.9)
Disease activity characteristics
RA duration, years, mean (SD)	7.7 (8.8)	4.7 (5.7)	4.6 (5.0)	10.4 (10.3)	7.5 (8.5)	14.9 (13.7)
Seropositive, n (%)	27 (87.1)	81 (78.6)	19 (79.2)	25 (92.6)	36 (76.6)	23 (85.2)
CDAI, mean (SD)	19.2 (13.3)	21.3 (11.5)	19.9 (10.7)	22.2 (9.7)	25.2 (12.5)	19.8 (8.7)
DAS28-ESR, mean (SD)	4.5 (1.3)	4.5 (1.3)	4.8 (1.5)	5.3 (1.0)	5.3 (1.1)	4.8 (1.2)
Tender joint count-28, mean (SD)	4.9 (6.3)	6.1 (5.3)	5.9 (4.3)	6.0 (3.9)	8.5 (7.5)	5.7 (5.6)
Swollen joint count-28, mean (SD)	5.5 (5.3)	5.8 (4.6)	5.4 (4.0)	6.3 (4.7)	6.4 (4.4)	5.2 (3.1)
Physician global assessment, VAS range 0–100, mean (SD)	45.1 (22.4)	47.5 (23.0)	39.0 (19.4)	50.3 (21.4)	50.7 (25.0)	43.4 (17.5)
Treatment characteristics
Concomitant therapy, n (%)
Methotrexate	23 (69.7)	100 (90.1)	17 (68.0)	12 (44.4)	43 (84.3)	15 (53.6)
Prednisone	12 (36.4)	29 (26.1)	6 (24.0)	10 (37.0)	14 (27.5)	9 (32.1)
Other csDMARDs	17 (51.5)	28 (25.2)	8 (32.0)	9 (33.3)	20 (39.2)	14 (50.0)
Patient-reported measures
Patient global assessment, VAS range 0–100, mean (SD)	43.5 (25.0)	44.2 (24.8)	47.2 (25.8)	52.8 (25.1)	49.4 (25.0)	40.3 (21.4)
Patient fatigue, VAS range 0–100, mean (SD)	39.0 (25.2)	38.9 (27.1)	52.2 (26.9)	47.7 (26.2)	43.3 (27.8)	40.7 (27.6)
Patient pain, VAS range 0–100, mean (SD)	43.1 (25.0)	47.7 (26.1)	49.6 (25.3)	53.2 (29.7)	48.8 (24.4)	43.3 (25.3)
J-HAQ-DI, mean (SD)	0.9 (0.6)	0.6 (0.6)	0.8 (0.8)	1.1 (0.7)	1.1 (0.7)	1.3 (0.8)
WPAI
Absenteeism,^b %, mean (SD)	15.6 (28.7)	4.6 (16.2)	11.5 (28.1)	–	–	–
Absenteeism,^b 0%, n (%)	19 (65.5)	83 (86.5)	15 (78.9)	–	–	–
Absenteeism,^b >0%, n (%)	10 (34.5)	13 (13.5)	4 (21.1)	–	–	–
Presenteeism,^b %, mean (SD)	38.3 (30.1)	35.1 (27.8)	42.1 (29.8)	–	–	–
OWI,^b %, mean (SD)	15.9 (23.6)	7.9 (16.1)	10.2 (18.5)	–	–	–
AI, %, mean (SD)	46.5 (33.0)	39.3 (27.2)	42.1 (29.5)	55.4 (29.0)	47.4 (27.6)	53.5 (31.0)
HCRU
Outpatient visits, mean (SD)	5.1 (4.0)	5.2 (3.6)	7.1 (4.3)	9.1 (14.6)	5.6 (4.2)	5.5 (3.7)
ER visits, mean (SD)	0.0 (0.2)	0.0 (0.1)	0.0 (0.0)	0.1 (0.6)	0.1 (0.3)	0.0 (0.2)
Hospitalisations, mean (SD)	0.3 (0.5)	0.1 (0.4)	0.3 (0.5)	0.9 (3.5)	0.4 (0.7)	0.3 (0.4)
Outpatient surgeries or procedures, mean (SD)	0.2 (0.4)	0.1 (0.4)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.2)	0.1 (0.5)	0.0 (0.0)
Non-Western medical encounters, mean (SD)	1.6 (3.3)	0.5 (2.0)	0.2 (0.6)	3.7 (9.3)	4.2 (13.1)	1.6 (5.2)

TCZ
(n = 33)

TNFi (n = 111)

ABT
(n = 25)

TCZ
(n = 27)

TNFi (n = 51)

ABT
(n = 28)

Demographics and socioeconomic characteristics

Age, years, mean (SD)

53.7
(8.5)

50.4
(12.9)

57.0
(11.0)

65.3
(6.8)

64.0
(13.1)

71.3
(9.2)

Gender,^a female,
n (%)

17
(51.5)

86
(77.5)

20
(80.0)

–

College graduate,^a n (%)

99
(89.2)

24
(96.0)

26
(96.3)

–

BMI, kg/m²,
mean (SD)

24.7
(5.6)

21.8
(3.3)

22.4
(3.0)

21.9
(4.1)

22.0
(2.9)

21.6
(4.4)

Comorbidities

Cancer, n (%)

2 (6.1)

2 (1.8)

1 (4.0)

5 (18.5)

5 (9.8)

5 (17.9)

Serious infection, n (%)

2 (6.1)

5 (4.5)

3 (12.0)

4 (14.8)

4 (7.8)

6 (21.4)

Herpes zoster, n (%)

4 (12.1)

11 (9.9)

1 (4.0)

2 (7.4)

5 (9.8)

5 (17.9)

Cardio/cerebrovascular disease, n (%)

1 (3.0)

4 (3.6)

2 (8.0)

2 (7.4)

9 (17.6)

3 (10.7)

Hypertension, n (%)

5 (15.2)

16 (14.4)

8 (32.0)

12 (44.4)

16 (31.4)

16 (57.1)

Hyperlipidaemia, n (%)

3 (9.1)

10 (9.0)

6 (24.0)

6 (22.2)

12 (23.5)

8 (28.6)

Diabetes mellitus, n (%)

5 (15.2)

1 (0.9)

5 (20.0)

1 (3.7)

5 (9.8)

5 (17.9)

Disease activity characteristics

RA duration, years, mean (SD)

7.7
(8.8)

4.7
(5.7)

4.6
(5.0)

10.4
(10.3)

7.5
(8.5)

14.9
(13.7)

Seropositive, n (%)

27
(87.1)

81
(78.6)

19
(79.2)

25
(92.6)

36
(76.6)

23
(85.2)

CDAI, mean (SD)

19.2
(13.3)

21.3
(11.5)

19.9
(10.7)

22.2
(9.7)

25.2
(12.5)

19.8
(8.7)

DAS28-ESR, mean (SD)

4.5
(1.3)

4.8
(1.5)

5.3
(1.0)

5.3
(1.1)

4.8
(1.2)

Tender joint count-28, mean (SD)

4.9
(6.3)

6.1
(5.3)

5.9
(4.3)

6.0
(3.9)

8.5
(7.5)

5.7
(5.6)

Swollen joint count-28, mean (SD)

5.5
(5.3)

5.8
(4.6)

5.4
(4.0)

6.3
(4.7)

6.4
(4.4)

5.2
(3.1)

Physician global assessment, VAS range 0–100, mean (SD)

45.1
(22.4)

47.5
(23.0)

39.0
(19.4)

50.3
(21.4)

50.7
(25.0)

43.4
(17.5)

Treatment characteristics

Concomitant therapy, n (%)

Methotrexate

23 (69.7)

100 (90.1)

17 (68.0)

12 (44.4)

43 (84.3)

15 (53.6)

Prednisone

12 (36.4)

29 (26.1)

6 (24.0)

10 (37.0)

14 (27.5)

9 (32.1)

Other csDMARDs

17 (51.5)

28 (25.2)

8 (32.0)

9 (33.3)

20 (39.2)

14 (50.0)

Patient-reported measures

Patient global assessment,
VAS range 0–100, mean (SD)

43.5
(25.0)

44.2
(24.8)

47.2
(25.8)

52.8
(25.1)

49.4
(25.0)

40.3
(21.4)

Patient fatigue,
VAS range 0–100, mean (SD)

39.0
(25.2)

38.9
(27.1)

52.2
(26.9)

47.7
(26.2)

43.3
(27.8)

40.7
(27.6)

Patient pain,
VAS range 0–100, mean (SD)

43.1
(25.0)

47.7
(26.1)

49.6
(25.3)

53.2
(29.7)

48.8
(24.4)

43.3
(25.3)

J-HAQ-DI, mean (SD)

0.9
(0.6)

0.6
(0.6)

0.8
(0.8)

1.1
(0.7)

1.3
(0.8)

WPAI

Absenteeism,^b %, mean (SD)

15.6
(28.7)

4.6
(16.2)

11.5
(28.1)

–

Absenteeism,^b 0%, n (%)

19
(65.5)

83
(86.5)

15
(78.9)

–

Absenteeism,^b >0%, n (%)

10
(34.5)

13
(13.5)

4
(21.1)

–

Presenteeism,^b %, mean (SD)

38.3
(30.1)

35.1
(27.8)

42.1
(29.8)

–

OWI,^b %, mean (SD)

15.9
(23.6)

7.9
(16.1)

10.2
(18.5)

–

AI, %, mean (SD)

46.5
(33.0)

39.3
(27.2)

42.1
(29.5)

55.4
(29.0)

47.4
(27.6)

53.5
(31.0)

HCRU

Outpatient visits, mean (SD)

5.1
(4.0)

5.2
(3.6)

7.1
(4.3)

9.1
(14.6)

5.6
(4.2)

5.5
(3.7)

ER visits, mean (SD)

0.0
(0.2)

0.0
(0.1)

0.0
(0.0)

0.1
(0.6)

0.1
(0.3)

0.0
(0.2)

Hospitalisations, mean (SD)

0.3
(0.5)

0.1
(0.4)

0.3
(0.5)

0.9
(3.5)

0.4
(0.7)

0.3
(0.4)

Outpatient surgeries or procedures, mean (SD)

0.2
(0.4)

0.1
(0.4)

0.0
(0.0)

0.0
(0.2)

0.1
(0.5)

0.0
(0.0)

Non-Western medical encounters, mean (SD)

1.6
(3.3)

0.5
(2.0)

0.2
(0.6)

3.7
(9.3)

4.2
(13.1)

1.6
(5.2)

	PW	HW
Demographics and socioeconomic characteristics
Age, years, mean (SD)	53.7 (8.5)	50.4 (12.9)	57.0 (11.0)	65.3 (6.8)	64.0 (13.1)	71.3 (9.2)
Gender,^a female, n (%)	17 (51.5)	86 (77.5)	20 (80.0)	–	–	–
College graduate,^a n (%)		99 (89.2)	24 (96.0)	26 (96.3)	–	–
BMI, kg/m², mean (SD)	24.7 (5.6)	21.8 (3.3)	22.4 (3.0)	21.9 (4.1)	22.0 (2.9)	21.6 (4.4)
Comorbidities
Cancer, n (%)	2 (6.1)	2 (1.8)	1 (4.0)	5 (18.5)	5 (9.8)	5 (17.9)
Serious infection, n (%)	2 (6.1)	5 (4.5)	3 (12.0)	4 (14.8)	4 (7.8)	6 (21.4)
Herpes zoster, n (%)	4 (12.1)	11 (9.9)	1 (4.0)	2 (7.4)	5 (9.8)	5 (17.9)
Cardio/cerebrovascular disease, n (%)	1 (3.0)	4 (3.6)	2 (8.0)	2 (7.4)	9 (17.6)	3 (10.7)
Hypertension, n (%)	5 (15.2)	16 (14.4)	8 (32.0)	12 (44.4)	16 (31.4)	16 (57.1)
Hyperlipidaemia, n (%)	3 (9.1)	10 (9.0)	6 (24.0)	6 (22.2)	12 (23.5)	8 (28.6)
Diabetes mellitus, n (%)	5 (15.2)	1 (0.9)	5 (20.0)	1 (3.7)	5 (9.8)	5 (17.9)
Disease activity characteristics
RA duration, years, mean (SD)	7.7 (8.8)	4.7 (5.7)	4.6 (5.0)	10.4 (10.3)	7.5 (8.5)	14.9 (13.7)
Seropositive, n (%)	27 (87.1)	81 (78.6)	19 (79.2)	25 (92.6)	36 (76.6)	23 (85.2)
CDAI, mean (SD)	19.2 (13.3)	21.3 (11.5)	19.9 (10.7)	22.2 (9.7)	25.2 (12.5)	19.8 (8.7)
DAS28-ESR, mean (SD)	4.5 (1.3)	4.5 (1.3)	4.8 (1.5)	5.3 (1.0)	5.3 (1.1)	4.8 (1.2)
Tender joint count-28, mean (SD)	4.9 (6.3)	6.1 (5.3)	5.9 (4.3)	6.0 (3.9)	8.5 (7.5)	5.7 (5.6)
Swollen joint count-28, mean (SD)	5.5 (5.3)	5.8 (4.6)	5.4 (4.0)	6.3 (4.7)	6.4 (4.4)	5.2 (3.1)
Physician global assessment, VAS range 0–100, mean (SD)	45.1 (22.4)	47.5 (23.0)	39.0 (19.4)	50.3 (21.4)	50.7 (25.0)	43.4 (17.5)
Treatment characteristics
Concomitant therapy, n (%)
Methotrexate	23 (69.7)	100 (90.1)	17 (68.0)	12 (44.4)	43 (84.3)	15 (53.6)
Prednisone	12 (36.4)	29 (26.1)	6 (24.0)	10 (37.0)	14 (27.5)	9 (32.1)
Other csDMARDs	17 (51.5)	28 (25.2)	8 (32.0)	9 (33.3)	20 (39.2)	14 (50.0)
Patient-reported measures
Patient global assessment, VAS range 0–100, mean (SD)	43.5 (25.0)	44.2 (24.8)	47.2 (25.8)	52.8 (25.1)	49.4 (25.0)	40.3 (21.4)
Patient fatigue, VAS range 0–100, mean (SD)	39.0 (25.2)	38.9 (27.1)	52.2 (26.9)	47.7 (26.2)	43.3 (27.8)	40.7 (27.6)
Patient pain, VAS range 0–100, mean (SD)	43.1 (25.0)	47.7 (26.1)	49.6 (25.3)	53.2 (29.7)	48.8 (24.4)	43.3 (25.3)
J-HAQ-DI, mean (SD)	0.9 (0.6)	0.6 (0.6)	0.8 (0.8)	1.1 (0.7)	1.1 (0.7)	1.3 (0.8)
WPAI
Absenteeism,^b %, mean (SD)	15.6 (28.7)	4.6 (16.2)	11.5 (28.1)	–	–	–
Absenteeism,^b 0%, n (%)	19 (65.5)	83 (86.5)	15 (78.9)	–	–	–
Absenteeism,^b >0%, n (%)	10 (34.5)	13 (13.5)	4 (21.1)	–	–	–
Presenteeism,^b %, mean (SD)	38.3 (30.1)	35.1 (27.8)	42.1 (29.8)	–	–	–
OWI,^b %, mean (SD)	15.9 (23.6)	7.9 (16.1)	10.2 (18.5)	–	–	–
AI, %, mean (SD)	46.5 (33.0)	39.3 (27.2)	42.1 (29.5)	55.4 (29.0)	47.4 (27.6)	53.5 (31.0)
HCRU
Outpatient visits, mean (SD)	5.1 (4.0)	5.2 (3.6)	7.1 (4.3)	9.1 (14.6)	5.6 (4.2)	5.5 (3.7)
ER visits, mean (SD)	0.0 (0.2)	0.0 (0.1)	0.0 (0.0)	0.1 (0.6)	0.1 (0.3)	0.0 (0.2)
Hospitalisations, mean (SD)	0.3 (0.5)	0.1 (0.4)	0.3 (0.5)	0.9 (3.5)	0.4 (0.7)	0.3 (0.4)
Outpatient surgeries or procedures, mean (SD)	0.2 (0.4)	0.1 (0.4)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.2)	0.1 (0.5)	0.0 (0.0)
Non-Western medical encounters, mean (SD)	1.6 (3.3)	0.5 (2.0)	0.2 (0.6)	3.7 (9.3)	4.2 (13.1)	1.6 (5.2)

TCZ
(n = 33)

TNFi (n = 111)

ABT
(n = 25)

TCZ
(n = 27)

TNFi (n = 51)

ABT
(n = 28)

Demographics and socioeconomic characteristics

Age, years, mean (SD)

53.7
(8.5)

50.4
(12.9)

57.0
(11.0)

65.3
(6.8)

64.0
(13.1)

71.3
(9.2)

Gender,^a female,
n (%)

17
(51.5)

86
(77.5)

20
(80.0)

–

College graduate,^a n (%)

99
(89.2)

24
(96.0)

26
(96.3)

–

BMI, kg/m²,
mean (SD)

24.7
(5.6)

21.8
(3.3)

22.4
(3.0)

21.9
(4.1)

22.0
(2.9)

21.6
(4.4)

Comorbidities

Cancer, n (%)

2 (6.1)

2 (1.8)

1 (4.0)

5 (18.5)

5 (9.8)

5 (17.9)

Serious infection, n (%)

2 (6.1)

5 (4.5)

3 (12.0)

4 (14.8)

4 (7.8)

6 (21.4)

Herpes zoster, n (%)

4 (12.1)

11 (9.9)

1 (4.0)

2 (7.4)

5 (9.8)

5 (17.9)

Cardio/cerebrovascular disease, n (%)

1 (3.0)

4 (3.6)

2 (8.0)

2 (7.4)

9 (17.6)

3 (10.7)

Hypertension, n (%)

5 (15.2)

16 (14.4)

8 (32.0)

12 (44.4)

16 (31.4)

16 (57.1)

Hyperlipidaemia, n (%)

3 (9.1)

10 (9.0)

6 (24.0)

6 (22.2)

12 (23.5)

8 (28.6)

Diabetes mellitus, n (%)

5 (15.2)

1 (0.9)

5 (20.0)

1 (3.7)

5 (9.8)

5 (17.9)

Disease activity characteristics

RA duration, years, mean (SD)

7.7
(8.8)

4.7
(5.7)

4.6
(5.0)

10.4
(10.3)

7.5
(8.5)

14.9
(13.7)

Seropositive, n (%)

27
(87.1)

81
(78.6)

19
(79.2)

25
(92.6)

36
(76.6)

23
(85.2)

CDAI, mean (SD)

19.2
(13.3)

21.3
(11.5)

19.9
(10.7)

22.2
(9.7)

25.2
(12.5)

19.8
(8.7)

DAS28-ESR, mean (SD)

4.5
(1.3)

4.8
(1.5)

5.3
(1.0)

5.3
(1.1)

4.8
(1.2)

Tender joint count-28, mean (SD)

4.9
(6.3)

6.1
(5.3)

5.9
(4.3)

6.0
(3.9)

8.5
(7.5)

5.7
(5.6)

Swollen joint count-28, mean (SD)

5.5
(5.3)

5.8
(4.6)

5.4
(4.0)

6.3
(4.7)

6.4
(4.4)

5.2
(3.1)

Physician global assessment, VAS range 0–100, mean (SD)

45.1
(22.4)

47.5
(23.0)

39.0
(19.4)

50.3
(21.4)

50.7
(25.0)

43.4
(17.5)

Treatment characteristics

Concomitant therapy, n (%)

Methotrexate

23 (69.7)

100 (90.1)

17 (68.0)

12 (44.4)

43 (84.3)

15 (53.6)

Prednisone

12 (36.4)

29 (26.1)

6 (24.0)

10 (37.0)

14 (27.5)

9 (32.1)

Other csDMARDs

17 (51.5)

28 (25.2)

8 (32.0)

9 (33.3)

20 (39.2)

14 (50.0)

Patient-reported measures

Patient global assessment,
VAS range 0–100, mean (SD)

43.5
(25.0)

44.2
(24.8)

47.2
(25.8)

52.8
(25.1)

49.4
(25.0)

40.3
(21.4)

Patient fatigue,
VAS range 0–100, mean (SD)

39.0
(25.2)

38.9
(27.1)

52.2
(26.9)

47.7
(26.2)

43.3
(27.8)

40.7
(27.6)

Patient pain,
VAS range 0–100, mean (SD)

43.1
(25.0)

47.7
(26.1)

49.6
(25.3)

53.2
(29.7)

48.8
(24.4)

43.3
(25.3)

J-HAQ-DI, mean (SD)

0.9
(0.6)

0.6
(0.6)

0.8
(0.8)

1.1
(0.7)

1.3
(0.8)

WPAI

Absenteeism,^b %, mean (SD)

15.6
(28.7)

4.6
(16.2)

11.5
(28.1)

–

Absenteeism,^b 0%, n (%)

19
(65.5)

83
(86.5)

15
(78.9)

–

Absenteeism,^b >0%, n (%)

10
(34.5)

13
(13.5)

4
(21.1)

–

Presenteeism,^b %, mean (SD)

38.3
(30.1)

35.1
(27.8)

42.1
(29.8)

–

OWI,^b %, mean (SD)

15.9
(23.6)

7.9
(16.1)

10.2
(18.5)

–

AI, %, mean (SD)

46.5
(33.0)

39.3
(27.2)

42.1
(29.5)

55.4
(29.0)

47.4
(27.6)

53.5
(31.0)

HCRU

Outpatient visits, mean (SD)

5.1
(4.0)

5.2
(3.6)

7.1
(4.3)

9.1
(14.6)

5.6
(4.2)

5.5
(3.7)

ER visits, mean (SD)

0.0
(0.2)

0.0
(0.1)

0.0
(0.0)

0.1
(0.6)

0.1
(0.3)

0.0
(0.2)

Hospitalisations, mean (SD)

0.3
(0.5)

0.1
(0.4)

0.3
(0.5)

0.9
(3.5)

0.4
(0.7)

0.3
(0.4)

Outpatient surgeries or procedures, mean (SD)

0.2
(0.4)

0.1
(0.4)

0.0
(0.0)

0.0
(0.2)

0.1
(0.5)

0.0
(0.0)

Non-Western medical encounters, mean (SD)

1.6
(3.3)

0.5
(2.0)

0.2
(0.6)

3.7
(9.3)

4.2
(13.1)

1.6
(5.2)

Table 1.

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Patient demographics and clinical characteristics at baseline among PWs and HWs.

	PW			HW
	TCZ (n = 33)	TNFi (n = 111)	ABT (n = 25)	TCZ (n = 27)	TNFi (n = 51)	ABT (n = 28)
Demographics and socioeconomic characteristics
Age, years, mean (SD)	53.7 (8.5)	50.4 (12.9)	57.0 (11.0)	65.3 (6.8)	64.0 (13.1)	71.3 (9.2)
Gender,^a female, n (%)	17 (51.5)	86 (77.5)	20 (80.0)	–	–	–
College graduate,^a n (%)		99 (89.2)	24 (96.0)	26 (96.3)	–	–
BMI, kg/m², mean (SD)	24.7 (5.6)	21.8 (3.3)	22.4 (3.0)	21.9 (4.1)	22.0 (2.9)	21.6 (4.4)
Comorbidities
Cancer, n (%)	2 (6.1)	2 (1.8)	1 (4.0)	5 (18.5)	5 (9.8)	5 (17.9)
Serious infection, n (%)	2 (6.1)	5 (4.5)	3 (12.0)	4 (14.8)	4 (7.8)	6 (21.4)
Herpes zoster, n (%)	4 (12.1)	11 (9.9)	1 (4.0)	2 (7.4)	5 (9.8)	5 (17.9)
Cardio/cerebrovascular disease, n (%)	1 (3.0)	4 (3.6)	2 (8.0)	2 (7.4)	9 (17.6)	3 (10.7)
Hypertension, n (%)	5 (15.2)	16 (14.4)	8 (32.0)	12 (44.4)	16 (31.4)	16 (57.1)
Hyperlipidaemia, n (%)	3 (9.1)	10 (9.0)	6 (24.0)	6 (22.2)	12 (23.5)	8 (28.6)
Diabetes mellitus, n (%)	5 (15.2)	1 (0.9)	5 (20.0)	1 (3.7)	5 (9.8)	5 (17.9)
Disease activity characteristics
RA duration, years, mean (SD)	7.7 (8.8)	4.7 (5.7)	4.6 (5.0)	10.4 (10.3)	7.5 (8.5)	14.9 (13.7)
Seropositive, n (%)	27 (87.1)	81 (78.6)	19 (79.2)	25 (92.6)	36 (76.6)	23 (85.2)
CDAI, mean (SD)	19.2 (13.3)	21.3 (11.5)	19.9 (10.7)	22.2 (9.7)	25.2 (12.5)	19.8 (8.7)
DAS28-ESR, mean (SD)	4.5 (1.3)	4.5 (1.3)	4.8 (1.5)	5.3 (1.0)	5.3 (1.1)	4.8 (1.2)
Tender joint count-28, mean (SD)	4.9 (6.3)	6.1 (5.3)	5.9 (4.3)	6.0 (3.9)	8.5 (7.5)	5.7 (5.6)
Swollen joint count-28, mean (SD)	5.5 (5.3)	5.8 (4.6)	5.4 (4.0)	6.3 (4.7)	6.4 (4.4)	5.2 (3.1)
Physician global assessment, VAS range 0–100, mean (SD)	45.1 (22.4)	47.5 (23.0)	39.0 (19.4)	50.3 (21.4)	50.7 (25.0)	43.4 (17.5)
Treatment characteristics
Concomitant therapy, n (%)
Methotrexate	23 (69.7)	100 (90.1)	17 (68.0)	12 (44.4)	43 (84.3)	15 (53.6)
Prednisone	12 (36.4)	29 (26.1)	6 (24.0)	10 (37.0)	14 (27.5)	9 (32.1)
Other csDMARDs	17 (51.5)	28 (25.2)	8 (32.0)	9 (33.3)	20 (39.2)	14 (50.0)
Patient-reported measures
Patient global assessment, VAS range 0–100, mean (SD)	43.5 (25.0)	44.2 (24.8)	47.2 (25.8)	52.8 (25.1)	49.4 (25.0)	40.3 (21.4)
Patient fatigue, VAS range 0–100, mean (SD)	39.0 (25.2)	38.9 (27.1)	52.2 (26.9)	47.7 (26.2)	43.3 (27.8)	40.7 (27.6)
Patient pain, VAS range 0–100, mean (SD)	43.1 (25.0)	47.7 (26.1)	49.6 (25.3)	53.2 (29.7)	48.8 (24.4)	43.3 (25.3)
J-HAQ-DI, mean (SD)	0.9 (0.6)	0.6 (0.6)	0.8 (0.8)	1.1 (0.7)	1.1 (0.7)	1.3 (0.8)
WPAI
Absenteeism,^b %, mean (SD)	15.6 (28.7)	4.6 (16.2)	11.5 (28.1)	–	–	–
Absenteeism,^b 0%, n (%)	19 (65.5)	83 (86.5)	15 (78.9)	–	–	–
Absenteeism,^b >0%, n (%)	10 (34.5)	13 (13.5)	4 (21.1)	–	–	–
Presenteeism,^b %, mean (SD)	38.3 (30.1)	35.1 (27.8)	42.1 (29.8)	–	–	–
OWI,^b %, mean (SD)	15.9 (23.6)	7.9 (16.1)	10.2 (18.5)	–	–	–
AI, %, mean (SD)	46.5 (33.0)	39.3 (27.2)	42.1 (29.5)	55.4 (29.0)	47.4 (27.6)	53.5 (31.0)
HCRU
Outpatient visits, mean (SD)	5.1 (4.0)	5.2 (3.6)	7.1 (4.3)	9.1 (14.6)	5.6 (4.2)	5.5 (3.7)
ER visits, mean (SD)	0.0 (0.2)	0.0 (0.1)	0.0 (0.0)	0.1 (0.6)	0.1 (0.3)	0.0 (0.2)
Hospitalisations, mean (SD)	0.3 (0.5)	0.1 (0.4)	0.3 (0.5)	0.9 (3.5)	0.4 (0.7)	0.3 (0.4)
Outpatient surgeries or procedures, mean (SD)	0.2 (0.4)	0.1 (0.4)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.2)	0.1 (0.5)	0.0 (0.0)
Non-Western medical encounters, mean (SD)	1.6 (3.3)	0.5 (2.0)	0.2 (0.6)	3.7 (9.3)	4.2 (13.1)	1.6 (5.2)

	PW			HW
	TCZ (n = 33)	TNFi (n = 111)	ABT (n = 25)	TCZ (n = 27)	TNFi (n = 51)	ABT (n = 28)
Demographics and socioeconomic characteristics
Age, years, mean (SD)	53.7 (8.5)	50.4 (12.9)	57.0 (11.0)	65.3 (6.8)	64.0 (13.1)	71.3 (9.2)
Gender,^a female, n (%)	17 (51.5)	86 (77.5)	20 (80.0)	–	–	–
College graduate,^a n (%)		99 (89.2)	24 (96.0)	26 (96.3)	–	–
BMI, kg/m², mean (SD)	24.7 (5.6)	21.8 (3.3)	22.4 (3.0)	21.9 (4.1)	22.0 (2.9)	21.6 (4.4)
Comorbidities
Cancer, n (%)	2 (6.1)	2 (1.8)	1 (4.0)	5 (18.5)	5 (9.8)	5 (17.9)
Serious infection, n (%)	2 (6.1)	5 (4.5)	3 (12.0)	4 (14.8)	4 (7.8)	6 (21.4)
Herpes zoster, n (%)	4 (12.1)	11 (9.9)	1 (4.0)	2 (7.4)	5 (9.8)	5 (17.9)
Cardio/cerebrovascular disease, n (%)	1 (3.0)	4 (3.6)	2 (8.0)	2 (7.4)	9 (17.6)	3 (10.7)
Hypertension, n (%)	5 (15.2)	16 (14.4)	8 (32.0)	12 (44.4)	16 (31.4)	16 (57.1)
Hyperlipidaemia, n (%)	3 (9.1)	10 (9.0)	6 (24.0)	6 (22.2)	12 (23.5)	8 (28.6)
Diabetes mellitus, n (%)	5 (15.2)	1 (0.9)	5 (20.0)	1 (3.7)	5 (9.8)	5 (17.9)
Disease activity characteristics
RA duration, years, mean (SD)	7.7 (8.8)	4.7 (5.7)	4.6 (5.0)	10.4 (10.3)	7.5 (8.5)	14.9 (13.7)
Seropositive, n (%)	27 (87.1)	81 (78.6)	19 (79.2)	25 (92.6)	36 (76.6)	23 (85.2)
CDAI, mean (SD)	19.2 (13.3)	21.3 (11.5)	19.9 (10.7)	22.2 (9.7)	25.2 (12.5)	19.8 (8.7)
DAS28-ESR, mean (SD)	4.5 (1.3)	4.5 (1.3)	4.8 (1.5)	5.3 (1.0)	5.3 (1.1)	4.8 (1.2)
Tender joint count-28, mean (SD)	4.9 (6.3)	6.1 (5.3)	5.9 (4.3)	6.0 (3.9)	8.5 (7.5)	5.7 (5.6)
Swollen joint count-28, mean (SD)	5.5 (5.3)	5.8 (4.6)	5.4 (4.0)	6.3 (4.7)	6.4 (4.4)	5.2 (3.1)
Physician global assessment, VAS range 0–100, mean (SD)	45.1 (22.4)	47.5 (23.0)	39.0 (19.4)	50.3 (21.4)	50.7 (25.0)	43.4 (17.5)
Treatment characteristics
Concomitant therapy, n (%)
Methotrexate	23 (69.7)	100 (90.1)	17 (68.0)	12 (44.4)	43 (84.3)	15 (53.6)
Prednisone	12 (36.4)	29 (26.1)	6 (24.0)	10 (37.0)	14 (27.5)	9 (32.1)
Other csDMARDs	17 (51.5)	28 (25.2)	8 (32.0)	9 (33.3)	20 (39.2)	14 (50.0)
Patient-reported measures
Patient global assessment, VAS range 0–100, mean (SD)	43.5 (25.0)	44.2 (24.8)	47.2 (25.8)	52.8 (25.1)	49.4 (25.0)	40.3 (21.4)
Patient fatigue, VAS range 0–100, mean (SD)	39.0 (25.2)	38.9 (27.1)	52.2 (26.9)	47.7 (26.2)	43.3 (27.8)	40.7 (27.6)
Patient pain, VAS range 0–100, mean (SD)	43.1 (25.0)	47.7 (26.1)	49.6 (25.3)	53.2 (29.7)	48.8 (24.4)	43.3 (25.3)
J-HAQ-DI, mean (SD)	0.9 (0.6)	0.6 (0.6)	0.8 (0.8)	1.1 (0.7)	1.1 (0.7)	1.3 (0.8)
WPAI
Absenteeism,^b %, mean (SD)	15.6 (28.7)	4.6 (16.2)	11.5 (28.1)	–	–	–
Absenteeism,^b 0%, n (%)	19 (65.5)	83 (86.5)	15 (78.9)	–	–	–
Absenteeism,^b >0%, n (%)	10 (34.5)	13 (13.5)	4 (21.1)	–	–	–
Presenteeism,^b %, mean (SD)	38.3 (30.1)	35.1 (27.8)	42.1 (29.8)	–	–	–
OWI,^b %, mean (SD)	15.9 (23.6)	7.9 (16.1)	10.2 (18.5)	–	–	–
AI, %, mean (SD)	46.5 (33.0)	39.3 (27.2)	42.1 (29.5)	55.4 (29.0)	47.4 (27.6)	53.5 (31.0)
HCRU
Outpatient visits, mean (SD)	5.1 (4.0)	5.2 (3.6)	7.1 (4.3)	9.1 (14.6)	5.6 (4.2)	5.5 (3.7)
ER visits, mean (SD)	0.0 (0.2)	0.0 (0.1)	0.0 (0.0)	0.1 (0.6)	0.1 (0.3)	0.0 (0.2)
Hospitalisations, mean (SD)	0.3 (0.5)	0.1 (0.4)	0.3 (0.5)	0.9 (3.5)	0.4 (0.7)	0.3 (0.4)
Outpatient surgeries or procedures, mean (SD)	0.2 (0.4)	0.1 (0.4)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.2)	0.1 (0.5)	0.0 (0.0)
Non-Western medical encounters, mean (SD)	1.6 (3.3)	0.5 (2.0)	0.2 (0.6)	3.7 (9.3)	4.2 (13.1)	1.6 (5.2)

To reduce the risk of patient identification, identifiable characteristics with less than five patients assigned are not provided in the CorEvitas RA Japan Registry.

Since HWs do not work outside of the home, values for this field for HWs are not available.

n: number of patients.

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