Table 1.

Data sources used in mendelian randomization analyses

TraitExposure/Outcome/potential mediatorDescription of data sourceName of consortium/cohortAncestrySample sizeNo. SNVsExplained variance by lead SNPs
EAExposureCoding of EA variable in these data followed previous large-scale GWASs of EA. Previous GWAS excluded individuals aged <30 y when EA was measured, but this GWAS included individuals aged 16-29 y69 cohorts (excluding UKBB and 23andMe), 23andMe, and UKBBEuropean3 037 49910 946 4690.0102
HypothyroidismOutcomeHypothyroidism defined as self-reported history of hypothyroidism/myxedemaUKBBEuropean484 5989 886 8680.0327
HyperthyroidismOutcomeHyperthyroidism defined as self-reported history of hyperthyroidism/thyrotoxicosisUKBBEuropean484 5989 886 8680.0089
TSHOutcomeHUNT study: patients with self-reported thyroid disease excluded
MGI: individuals with any thyroid disorders excluded
ThyroidOmics Consortium: individuals of non-European ancestry, use of thyroid medication, or previous thyroid surgery excluded
HUNT, MGI, and ThyroidOmics ConsortiumEuropean119 71522 397 0800.0900
FT4OutcomeIndividuals of non-European ancestry, use of thyroid medication, or previous thyroid surgery were excluded, and FT4 levels were within reference rangeThyroidOmics ConsortiumEuropean72 1677 963 1500.0264
SmokingPotential mediatorGWAS data for smoking defined as ever smoker (whether one has ever been a smoker)European518 63311 514 6540.0138
TraitExposure/Outcome/potential mediatorDescription of data sourceName of consortium/cohortAncestrySample sizeNo. SNVsExplained variance by lead SNPs
EAExposureCoding of EA variable in these data followed previous large-scale GWASs of EA. Previous GWAS excluded individuals aged <30 y when EA was measured, but this GWAS included individuals aged 16-29 y69 cohorts (excluding UKBB and 23andMe), 23andMe, and UKBBEuropean3 037 49910 946 4690.0102
HypothyroidismOutcomeHypothyroidism defined as self-reported history of hypothyroidism/myxedemaUKBBEuropean484 5989 886 8680.0327
HyperthyroidismOutcomeHyperthyroidism defined as self-reported history of hyperthyroidism/thyrotoxicosisUKBBEuropean484 5989 886 8680.0089
TSHOutcomeHUNT study: patients with self-reported thyroid disease excluded
MGI: individuals with any thyroid disorders excluded
ThyroidOmics Consortium: individuals of non-European ancestry, use of thyroid medication, or previous thyroid surgery excluded
HUNT, MGI, and ThyroidOmics ConsortiumEuropean119 71522 397 0800.0900
FT4OutcomeIndividuals of non-European ancestry, use of thyroid medication, or previous thyroid surgery were excluded, and FT4 levels were within reference rangeThyroidOmics ConsortiumEuropean72 1677 963 1500.0264
SmokingPotential mediatorGWAS data for smoking defined as ever smoker (whether one has ever been a smoker)European518 63311 514 6540.0138

Abbreviations: EA, educational attainment; FT4, free thyroxine; GWAS, genome-wide association study; HUNT, Nord-Trøndelag Health Study; MGI, Michigan Genomics Initiative; SNV, single-nucleotide variation; TSH, thyrotropin; UKBB, UK Biobank.

Table 1.

Data sources used in mendelian randomization analyses

TraitExposure/Outcome/potential mediatorDescription of data sourceName of consortium/cohortAncestrySample sizeNo. SNVsExplained variance by lead SNPs
EAExposureCoding of EA variable in these data followed previous large-scale GWASs of EA. Previous GWAS excluded individuals aged <30 y when EA was measured, but this GWAS included individuals aged 16-29 y69 cohorts (excluding UKBB and 23andMe), 23andMe, and UKBBEuropean3 037 49910 946 4690.0102
HypothyroidismOutcomeHypothyroidism defined as self-reported history of hypothyroidism/myxedemaUKBBEuropean484 5989 886 8680.0327
HyperthyroidismOutcomeHyperthyroidism defined as self-reported history of hyperthyroidism/thyrotoxicosisUKBBEuropean484 5989 886 8680.0089
TSHOutcomeHUNT study: patients with self-reported thyroid disease excluded
MGI: individuals with any thyroid disorders excluded
ThyroidOmics Consortium: individuals of non-European ancestry, use of thyroid medication, or previous thyroid surgery excluded
HUNT, MGI, and ThyroidOmics ConsortiumEuropean119 71522 397 0800.0900
FT4OutcomeIndividuals of non-European ancestry, use of thyroid medication, or previous thyroid surgery were excluded, and FT4 levels were within reference rangeThyroidOmics ConsortiumEuropean72 1677 963 1500.0264
SmokingPotential mediatorGWAS data for smoking defined as ever smoker (whether one has ever been a smoker)European518 63311 514 6540.0138
TraitExposure/Outcome/potential mediatorDescription of data sourceName of consortium/cohortAncestrySample sizeNo. SNVsExplained variance by lead SNPs
EAExposureCoding of EA variable in these data followed previous large-scale GWASs of EA. Previous GWAS excluded individuals aged <30 y when EA was measured, but this GWAS included individuals aged 16-29 y69 cohorts (excluding UKBB and 23andMe), 23andMe, and UKBBEuropean3 037 49910 946 4690.0102
HypothyroidismOutcomeHypothyroidism defined as self-reported history of hypothyroidism/myxedemaUKBBEuropean484 5989 886 8680.0327
HyperthyroidismOutcomeHyperthyroidism defined as self-reported history of hyperthyroidism/thyrotoxicosisUKBBEuropean484 5989 886 8680.0089
TSHOutcomeHUNT study: patients with self-reported thyroid disease excluded
MGI: individuals with any thyroid disorders excluded
ThyroidOmics Consortium: individuals of non-European ancestry, use of thyroid medication, or previous thyroid surgery excluded
HUNT, MGI, and ThyroidOmics ConsortiumEuropean119 71522 397 0800.0900
FT4OutcomeIndividuals of non-European ancestry, use of thyroid medication, or previous thyroid surgery were excluded, and FT4 levels were within reference rangeThyroidOmics ConsortiumEuropean72 1677 963 1500.0264
SmokingPotential mediatorGWAS data for smoking defined as ever smoker (whether one has ever been a smoker)European518 63311 514 6540.0138

Abbreviations: EA, educational attainment; FT4, free thyroxine; GWAS, genome-wide association study; HUNT, Nord-Trøndelag Health Study; MGI, Michigan Genomics Initiative; SNV, single-nucleotide variation; TSH, thyrotropin; UKBB, UK Biobank.

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