| Included reviewsa . | Level of comparison . | Random-effects summary ES (95% CI); P value . | Sample size; N of included studies . | ES (95% CI) in the largest study . | I2 (%) . | Egger’s test P value . | Excess statistical significance test P value . | 95% prediction interval . | Robustness of evidence . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Air pollution | |||||||||
| Alexeeff et al.34 Chen et al. 2020 | RR per 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 for IHD mortality | 1.21 (1.10–1.33); < 0.0001 | >1000; 29 studies | 1.64 (1.62–1.66) | 98.16% | 0.36 | 0.21 | 0.7852–1.8617 | Highly suggestive |
| Yang et al.41 Chen et al. 2020 | RR per 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 for CVD mortality | 1.11 (1.09–1.14); < 0.0001 | >1000; 26 studies | 1.06 (1.04–1.08) | 74.23% | 0.08 | 0.37 | 1.0303–1.1959 | Highly suggestive |
| Stieb et al.40 Atkinson et al.35 | HR per 10 ppb increase in NO2 for CeVD mortality | 1.03 (1.00–1.06); 0.07 | >1000; 14 studies | 1.01 (0.98–1.05) | 45.64% | 0.09 | 0.41 | 0.9581–1.1044 | Non-significant |
| Ambient temperature | |||||||||
| Bunker et al.49 Moghadamnia et al.50 | RR per 1°C change of temperature (heat) for CVD mortality | 1.04 (1.03–1.04); < 0.0001 | >1000; 62 studies | 1.013 (1.010–1.015) | 98.63% | < 0.0001 | < 0.01 | 1.0225–1.0538 | Highly suggestive |
| Included reviewsa . | Level of comparison . | Random-effects summary ES (95% CI); P value . | Sample size; N of included studies . | ES (95% CI) in the largest study . | I2 (%) . | Egger’s test P value . | Excess statistical significance test P value . | 95% prediction interval . | Robustness of evidence . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Air pollution | |||||||||
| Alexeeff et al.34 Chen et al. 2020 | RR per 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 for IHD mortality | 1.21 (1.10–1.33); < 0.0001 | >1000; 29 studies | 1.64 (1.62–1.66) | 98.16% | 0.36 | 0.21 | 0.7852–1.8617 | Highly suggestive |
| Yang et al.41 Chen et al. 2020 | RR per 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 for CVD mortality | 1.11 (1.09–1.14); < 0.0001 | >1000; 26 studies | 1.06 (1.04–1.08) | 74.23% | 0.08 | 0.37 | 1.0303–1.1959 | Highly suggestive |
| Stieb et al.40 Atkinson et al.35 | HR per 10 ppb increase in NO2 for CeVD mortality | 1.03 (1.00–1.06); 0.07 | >1000; 14 studies | 1.01 (0.98–1.05) | 45.64% | 0.09 | 0.41 | 0.9581–1.1044 | Non-significant |
| Ambient temperature | |||||||||
| Bunker et al.49 Moghadamnia et al.50 | RR per 1°C change of temperature (heat) for CVD mortality | 1.04 (1.03–1.04); < 0.0001 | >1000; 62 studies | 1.013 (1.010–1.015) | 98.63% | < 0.0001 | < 0.01 | 1.0225–1.0538 | Highly suggestive |
RR, relative risk; HR, hazard ratio; CVD, cardiovascular disease; IHD, ischaemic heart disease; CeVD, cerebrovascular disease.
A bibliography of the abovementioned reviews is presented in Supplementary material online, Appendix S3.
| Included reviewsa . | Level of comparison . | Random-effects summary ES (95% CI); P value . | Sample size; N of included studies . | ES (95% CI) in the largest study . | I2 (%) . | Egger’s test P value . | Excess statistical significance test P value . | 95% prediction interval . | Robustness of evidence . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Air pollution | |||||||||
| Alexeeff et al.34 Chen et al. 2020 | RR per 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 for IHD mortality | 1.21 (1.10–1.33); < 0.0001 | >1000; 29 studies | 1.64 (1.62–1.66) | 98.16% | 0.36 | 0.21 | 0.7852–1.8617 | Highly suggestive |
| Yang et al.41 Chen et al. 2020 | RR per 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 for CVD mortality | 1.11 (1.09–1.14); < 0.0001 | >1000; 26 studies | 1.06 (1.04–1.08) | 74.23% | 0.08 | 0.37 | 1.0303–1.1959 | Highly suggestive |
| Stieb et al.40 Atkinson et al.35 | HR per 10 ppb increase in NO2 for CeVD mortality | 1.03 (1.00–1.06); 0.07 | >1000; 14 studies | 1.01 (0.98–1.05) | 45.64% | 0.09 | 0.41 | 0.9581–1.1044 | Non-significant |
| Ambient temperature | |||||||||
| Bunker et al.49 Moghadamnia et al.50 | RR per 1°C change of temperature (heat) for CVD mortality | 1.04 (1.03–1.04); < 0.0001 | >1000; 62 studies | 1.013 (1.010–1.015) | 98.63% | < 0.0001 | < 0.01 | 1.0225–1.0538 | Highly suggestive |
| Included reviewsa . | Level of comparison . | Random-effects summary ES (95% CI); P value . | Sample size; N of included studies . | ES (95% CI) in the largest study . | I2 (%) . | Egger’s test P value . | Excess statistical significance test P value . | 95% prediction interval . | Robustness of evidence . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Air pollution | |||||||||
| Alexeeff et al.34 Chen et al. 2020 | RR per 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 for IHD mortality | 1.21 (1.10–1.33); < 0.0001 | >1000; 29 studies | 1.64 (1.62–1.66) | 98.16% | 0.36 | 0.21 | 0.7852–1.8617 | Highly suggestive |
| Yang et al.41 Chen et al. 2020 | RR per 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 for CVD mortality | 1.11 (1.09–1.14); < 0.0001 | >1000; 26 studies | 1.06 (1.04–1.08) | 74.23% | 0.08 | 0.37 | 1.0303–1.1959 | Highly suggestive |
| Stieb et al.40 Atkinson et al.35 | HR per 10 ppb increase in NO2 for CeVD mortality | 1.03 (1.00–1.06); 0.07 | >1000; 14 studies | 1.01 (0.98–1.05) | 45.64% | 0.09 | 0.41 | 0.9581–1.1044 | Non-significant |
| Ambient temperature | |||||||||
| Bunker et al.49 Moghadamnia et al.50 | RR per 1°C change of temperature (heat) for CVD mortality | 1.04 (1.03–1.04); < 0.0001 | >1000; 62 studies | 1.013 (1.010–1.015) | 98.63% | < 0.0001 | < 0.01 | 1.0225–1.0538 | Highly suggestive |
RR, relative risk; HR, hazard ratio; CVD, cardiovascular disease; IHD, ischaemic heart disease; CeVD, cerebrovascular disease.
A bibliography of the abovementioned reviews is presented in Supplementary material online, Appendix S3.
This PDF is available to Subscribers Only
View Article Abstract & Purchase OptionsFor full access to this pdf, sign in to an existing account, or purchase an annual subscription.
