Table 2 Open in new tab Hazard ratios...

	Events (n)	Follow-up duration (person-years)	Incidence rate (per 1000 person-years)	Unadjusted HR (95% CI)	Multivariable model 1 HR (95% CI)	Multivariable model 2 HR (95% CI)	IPW-adjusted HR (95% CI)
MACCE
Non-smokers	6713	124 017	54.130	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)
Ex-smokers	5217	102 482	50.907	.936 (.902–.970)	1.035 (.991–1.080)	1.036 (.992–1.081)	1.084 (1.047–1.123)
Current smokers	2478	42 157	58.781	1.078 (1.030–1.129)	1.226 (1.164–1.292)	1.198 (1.137–1.263)	1.191 (1.138–1.245)
Death
Non-smokers	2177	139 304	15.628	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)
Ex-smokers	1382	114 914	12.026	.774 (.723–.828)	1.090 (1.008–1.178)	1.080 (.999–1.168)	1.354 (1.271–1.441)
Current smokers	781	47 554	16.423	1.060 (.977–1.150)	1.658 (1.513–1.817)	1.606 (1.465–1.760)	1.660 (1.540–1.790)
Myocardial infarction
Non-smokers	612	137 805	4.441	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)
Ex-smokers	626	113 226	5.529	1.242 (1.111–1.389)	1.216 (1.065–1.388)	1.155 (1.011–1.318)	1.099 (.983–1.228)
Current smokers	367	46 668	7.864	1.768 (1.554–2.013)	1.721 (1.482–1.998)	1.560 (1.343–1.812)	1.557 (1.367–1.772)
Stroke
Non-smokers	1197	136 648	8.760	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)
Ex-smokers	660	113 422	5.819	.665 (.605–.731)	.960 (.857–1.074)	.954 (.852–1.068)	.949 (.866–1.041)
Current smokers	332	46 885	7.081	.810 (.717–.915)	1.263 (1.101–1.449)	1.225 (1.068–1.406)	1.176 (1.049–1.317)
Revascularization
Non-smokers	4159	126 221	32.950	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)
Ex-smokers	3663	103 738	35.310	1.060 (1.014–1.108)	1.019 (.966–1.074)	1.028 (.975–1.084)	1.018 (.975–1.064)
Current smokers	1630	42 706	38.168	1.142 (1.078–1.209)	1.090 (1.022–1.163)	1.078 (1.010–1.150)	1.043 (.985–1.105)

Events
(n)

Follow-up
duration (person-years)

Incidence rate
(per 1000 person-years)

Unadjusted
HR (95% CI)

Multivariable model 1
HR (95% CI)

Multivariable model 2
HR (95% CI)

IPW-adjusted HR (95% CI)

MACCE

Non-smokers

6713

124 017

54.130

1 (ref)

Ex-smokers

5217

102 482

50.907

.936 (.902–.970)

1.035 (.991–1.080)

1.036 (.992–1.081)

1.084 (1.047–1.123)

Current smokers

2478

42 157

58.781

1.078 (1.030–1.129)

1.226 (1.164–1.292)

1.198 (1.137–1.263)

1.191 (1.138–1.245)

Death

Non-smokers

2177

139 304

15.628

1 (ref)

Ex-smokers

1382

114 914

12.026

.774 (.723–.828)

1.090 (1.008–1.178)

1.080 (.999–1.168)

1.354 (1.271–1.441)

Current smokers

781

47 554

16.423

1.060 (.977–1.150)

1.658 (1.513–1.817)

1.606 (1.465–1.760)

1.660 (1.540–1.790)

Myocardial infarction

Non-smokers

612

137 805

4.441

1 (ref)

Ex-smokers

626

113 226

5.529

1.242 (1.111–1.389)

1.216 (1.065–1.388)

1.155 (1.011–1.318)

1.099 (.983–1.228)

Current smokers

367

46 668

7.864

1.768 (1.554–2.013)

1.721 (1.482–1.998)

1.560 (1.343–1.812)

1.557 (1.367–1.772)

Stroke

Non-smokers

1197

136 648

8.760

1 (ref)

Ex-smokers

660

113 422

5.819

.665 (.605–.731)

.960 (.857–1.074)

.954 (.852–1.068)

.949 (.866–1.041)

Current smokers

332

46 885

7.081

.810 (.717–.915)

1.263 (1.101–1.449)

1.225 (1.068–1.406)

1.176 (1.049–1.317)

Revascularization

Non-smokers

4159

126 221

32.950

1 (ref)

Ex-smokers

3663

103 738

35.310

1.060 (1.014–1.108)

1.019 (.966–1.074)

1.028 (.975–1.084)

1.018 (.975–1.064)

Current smokers

1630

42 706

38.168

1.142 (1.078–1.209)

1.090 (1.022–1.163)

1.078 (1.010–1.150)

1.043 (.985–1.105)

	Events (n)	Follow-up duration (person-years)	Incidence rate (per 1000 person-years)	Unadjusted HR (95% CI)	Multivariable model 1 HR (95% CI)	Multivariable model 2 HR (95% CI)	IPW-adjusted HR (95% CI)
MACCE
Non-smokers	6713	124 017	54.130	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)
Ex-smokers	5217	102 482	50.907	.936 (.902–.970)	1.035 (.991–1.080)	1.036 (.992–1.081)	1.084 (1.047–1.123)
Current smokers	2478	42 157	58.781	1.078 (1.030–1.129)	1.226 (1.164–1.292)	1.198 (1.137–1.263)	1.191 (1.138–1.245)
Death
Non-smokers	2177	139 304	15.628	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)
Ex-smokers	1382	114 914	12.026	.774 (.723–.828)	1.090 (1.008–1.178)	1.080 (.999–1.168)	1.354 (1.271–1.441)
Current smokers	781	47 554	16.423	1.060 (.977–1.150)	1.658 (1.513–1.817)	1.606 (1.465–1.760)	1.660 (1.540–1.790)
Myocardial infarction
Non-smokers	612	137 805	4.441	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)
Ex-smokers	626	113 226	5.529	1.242 (1.111–1.389)	1.216 (1.065–1.388)	1.155 (1.011–1.318)	1.099 (.983–1.228)
Current smokers	367	46 668	7.864	1.768 (1.554–2.013)	1.721 (1.482–1.998)	1.560 (1.343–1.812)	1.557 (1.367–1.772)
Stroke
Non-smokers	1197	136 648	8.760	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)
Ex-smokers	660	113 422	5.819	.665 (.605–.731)	.960 (.857–1.074)	.954 (.852–1.068)	.949 (.866–1.041)
Current smokers	332	46 885	7.081	.810 (.717–.915)	1.263 (1.101–1.449)	1.225 (1.068–1.406)	1.176 (1.049–1.317)
Revascularization
Non-smokers	4159	126 221	32.950	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)
Ex-smokers	3663	103 738	35.310	1.060 (1.014–1.108)	1.019 (.966–1.074)	1.028 (.975–1.084)	1.018 (.975–1.064)
Current smokers	1630	42 706	38.168	1.142 (1.078–1.209)	1.090 (1.022–1.163)	1.078 (1.010–1.150)	1.043 (.985–1.105)

Table 2

Open in new tab

Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of MACCE, all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, and revascularization by smoking status

	Events (n)	Follow-up duration (person-years)	Incidence rate (per 1000 person-years)	Unadjusted HR (95% CI)	Multivariable model 1 HR (95% CI)	Multivariable model 2 HR (95% CI)	IPW-adjusted HR (95% CI)
MACCE
Non-smokers	6713	124 017	54.130	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)
Ex-smokers	5217	102 482	50.907	.936 (.902–.970)	1.035 (.991–1.080)	1.036 (.992–1.081)	1.084 (1.047–1.123)
Current smokers	2478	42 157	58.781	1.078 (1.030–1.129)	1.226 (1.164–1.292)	1.198 (1.137–1.263)	1.191 (1.138–1.245)
Death
Non-smokers	2177	139 304	15.628	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)
Ex-smokers	1382	114 914	12.026	.774 (.723–.828)	1.090 (1.008–1.178)	1.080 (.999–1.168)	1.354 (1.271–1.441)
Current smokers	781	47 554	16.423	1.060 (.977–1.150)	1.658 (1.513–1.817)	1.606 (1.465–1.760)	1.660 (1.540–1.790)
Myocardial infarction
Non-smokers	612	137 805	4.441	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)
Ex-smokers	626	113 226	5.529	1.242 (1.111–1.389)	1.216 (1.065–1.388)	1.155 (1.011–1.318)	1.099 (.983–1.228)
Current smokers	367	46 668	7.864	1.768 (1.554–2.013)	1.721 (1.482–1.998)	1.560 (1.343–1.812)	1.557 (1.367–1.772)
Stroke
Non-smokers	1197	136 648	8.760	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)
Ex-smokers	660	113 422	5.819	.665 (.605–.731)	.960 (.857–1.074)	.954 (.852–1.068)	.949 (.866–1.041)
Current smokers	332	46 885	7.081	.810 (.717–.915)	1.263 (1.101–1.449)	1.225 (1.068–1.406)	1.176 (1.049–1.317)
Revascularization
Non-smokers	4159	126 221	32.950	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)
Ex-smokers	3663	103 738	35.310	1.060 (1.014–1.108)	1.019 (.966–1.074)	1.028 (.975–1.084)	1.018 (.975–1.064)
Current smokers	1630	42 706	38.168	1.142 (1.078–1.209)	1.090 (1.022–1.163)	1.078 (1.010–1.150)	1.043 (.985–1.105)

	Events (n)	Follow-up duration (person-years)	Incidence rate (per 1000 person-years)	Unadjusted HR (95% CI)	Multivariable model 1 HR (95% CI)	Multivariable model 2 HR (95% CI)	IPW-adjusted HR (95% CI)
MACCE
Non-smokers	6713	124 017	54.130	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)
Ex-smokers	5217	102 482	50.907	.936 (.902–.970)	1.035 (.991–1.080)	1.036 (.992–1.081)	1.084 (1.047–1.123)
Current smokers	2478	42 157	58.781	1.078 (1.030–1.129)	1.226 (1.164–1.292)	1.198 (1.137–1.263)	1.191 (1.138–1.245)
Death
Non-smokers	2177	139 304	15.628	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)
Ex-smokers	1382	114 914	12.026	.774 (.723–.828)	1.090 (1.008–1.178)	1.080 (.999–1.168)	1.354 (1.271–1.441)
Current smokers	781	47 554	16.423	1.060 (.977–1.150)	1.658 (1.513–1.817)	1.606 (1.465–1.760)	1.660 (1.540–1.790)
Myocardial infarction
Non-smokers	612	137 805	4.441	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)
Ex-smokers	626	113 226	5.529	1.242 (1.111–1.389)	1.216 (1.065–1.388)	1.155 (1.011–1.318)	1.099 (.983–1.228)
Current smokers	367	46 668	7.864	1.768 (1.554–2.013)	1.721 (1.482–1.998)	1.560 (1.343–1.812)	1.557 (1.367–1.772)
Stroke
Non-smokers	1197	136 648	8.760	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)
Ex-smokers	660	113 422	5.819	.665 (.605–.731)	.960 (.857–1.074)	.954 (.852–1.068)	.949 (.866–1.041)
Current smokers	332	46 885	7.081	.810 (.717–.915)	1.263 (1.101–1.449)	1.225 (1.068–1.406)	1.176 (1.049–1.317)
Revascularization
Non-smokers	4159	126 221	32.950	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)
Ex-smokers	3663	103 738	35.310	1.060 (1.014–1.108)	1.019 (.966–1.074)	1.028 (.975–1.084)	1.018 (.975–1.064)
Current smokers	1630	42 706	38.168	1.142 (1.078–1.209)	1.090 (1.022–1.163)	1.078 (1.010–1.150)	1.043 (.985–1.105)

CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; IPW, inverse probability-weighted; MACCE, major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.

Multivariable model 1: HRs are adjusted for age, sex, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, body mass index, social income, regular exercise, and alcohol drinking status.

Multivariable model 2: HRs are adjusted for age, sex, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, body mass index, social income, regular exercise, alcohol drinking status, myocardial infarction, heart failure, aspirin, clopidogrel, potent P2Y12 inhibitors, and statin.

IPW model: weights are calculated by age, sex, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, body mass index, social income, regular exercise, alcohol drinking status, myocardial infarction, heart failure, aspirin, clopidogrel, potent P2Y12 inhibitors, and statin.

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