Clinical characteristics of 136 of MVP patients with and without a severe ventricular arrhythmia
| . | Total . | No severe VA . | Severe VA . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | n = 136 . | n = 119 . | n = 17 . | . |
| Age at inclusion, year (IQR) | 48 (35–59) | 52 (38–60) | 34 (24–48) | <0.01 |
| Female, n (%) | 84 (61) | 73 (61) | 11 (64) | 0.79 |
| Family history of SCD, n (%) | 9 (7) | 8 (7) | 1 (6) | 0.99 |
| Exercise | ||||
| Total lifetime exercise dose, MET hours/week (IQR) | 14 (6–30) | 14 (6–31) | 17 (9–27) | 0.34 |
| Lifetime high intensity exercise dose, MET hours/week (IQR) | 10 (3–24) | 9 (2–23) | 10 (6–27) | 0.34 |
| Electrocardiogram | ||||
| T-wave inversions, n (%) | 29 (22) | 25 (21) | 4 (23) | 0.75 |
| Long QT, n (%) | 7 (5) | 7 (6) | 0 (0) | 0.31 |
| Echocardiography | ||||
| LVEF (%) | 56 ± 6 | 56 ± 6 | 53 ± 6 | 0.02 |
| Mitral regurgitation (grade) | 0.54a | |||
| Mild, n (%) | 58 (43) | 48 (41) | 10 (59) | |
| Moderate, n (%) | 27 (20) | 24 (21) | 3 (18) | |
| Severe, n (%) | 17 (13) | 16 (14) | 1 (6) | |
| MAD, n (%) | 125 (92) | 108 (91) | 17 (100) | 0.60 |
| Bileaflet MVP, n (%) | 58 (43) | 50 (42) | 8 (47) | 0.72 |
| Cardiac MR (n = 129) | ||||
| LGE myocardium, n (%) | 17 (19) | 14 (18) | 3 (21) | 0.72 |
| LGE papillary muscles, n (%) | 18 (20) | 13 (17) | 5 (35) | 0.15 |
| 24-h ECG (n = 103) | ||||
| PVC burden, n per 24 h (IQR) | 287 (50–3262) | 269 (43–1343) | 4640 (277–10 861) | 0.01 |
| nsVT, n (%) | 22 (21) | 18 (20) | 4 (36) | 0.24 |
| . | Total . | No severe VA . | Severe VA . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | n = 136 . | n = 119 . | n = 17 . | . |
| Age at inclusion, year (IQR) | 48 (35–59) | 52 (38–60) | 34 (24–48) | <0.01 |
| Female, n (%) | 84 (61) | 73 (61) | 11 (64) | 0.79 |
| Family history of SCD, n (%) | 9 (7) | 8 (7) | 1 (6) | 0.99 |
| Exercise | ||||
| Total lifetime exercise dose, MET hours/week (IQR) | 14 (6–30) | 14 (6–31) | 17 (9–27) | 0.34 |
| Lifetime high intensity exercise dose, MET hours/week (IQR) | 10 (3–24) | 9 (2–23) | 10 (6–27) | 0.34 |
| Electrocardiogram | ||||
| T-wave inversions, n (%) | 29 (22) | 25 (21) | 4 (23) | 0.75 |
| Long QT, n (%) | 7 (5) | 7 (6) | 0 (0) | 0.31 |
| Echocardiography | ||||
| LVEF (%) | 56 ± 6 | 56 ± 6 | 53 ± 6 | 0.02 |
| Mitral regurgitation (grade) | 0.54a | |||
| Mild, n (%) | 58 (43) | 48 (41) | 10 (59) | |
| Moderate, n (%) | 27 (20) | 24 (21) | 3 (18) | |
| Severe, n (%) | 17 (13) | 16 (14) | 1 (6) | |
| MAD, n (%) | 125 (92) | 108 (91) | 17 (100) | 0.60 |
| Bileaflet MVP, n (%) | 58 (43) | 50 (42) | 8 (47) | 0.72 |
| Cardiac MR (n = 129) | ||||
| LGE myocardium, n (%) | 17 (19) | 14 (18) | 3 (21) | 0.72 |
| LGE papillary muscles, n (%) | 18 (20) | 13 (17) | 5 (35) | 0.15 |
| 24-h ECG (n = 103) | ||||
| PVC burden, n per 24 h (IQR) | 287 (50–3262) | 269 (43–1343) | 4640 (277–10 861) | 0.01 |
| nsVT, n (%) | 22 (21) | 18 (20) | 4 (36) | 0.24 |
P-values from Student’s t-test, Mann–Whitney U test, χ2 test, or Fisher exact test. The meaning of using bold was to emphasize the subheadings in the tables with the corresponding values underneath. For instance subheading Electrocardiogram with the corresponding values beneath: T-wave inversion and Long QT.
MR, magnetic resonance; LGE, late gadolinium enhancement; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MAD, mitral annular disjunction; MET, metabolic equivalents of task; MVP, mitral valve prolapse; nsVT, non-sustained ventricular tachycardia; PVC, premature ventricular complex; SCD, sudden cardiac death; VA, ventricular arrhythmia.
aOne-way ANOVA between the groups, as appropriate.
Clinical characteristics of 136 of MVP patients with and without a severe ventricular arrhythmia
| . | Total . | No severe VA . | Severe VA . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | n = 136 . | n = 119 . | n = 17 . | . |
| Age at inclusion, year (IQR) | 48 (35–59) | 52 (38–60) | 34 (24–48) | <0.01 |
| Female, n (%) | 84 (61) | 73 (61) | 11 (64) | 0.79 |
| Family history of SCD, n (%) | 9 (7) | 8 (7) | 1 (6) | 0.99 |
| Exercise | ||||
| Total lifetime exercise dose, MET hours/week (IQR) | 14 (6–30) | 14 (6–31) | 17 (9–27) | 0.34 |
| Lifetime high intensity exercise dose, MET hours/week (IQR) | 10 (3–24) | 9 (2–23) | 10 (6–27) | 0.34 |
| Electrocardiogram | ||||
| T-wave inversions, n (%) | 29 (22) | 25 (21) | 4 (23) | 0.75 |
| Long QT, n (%) | 7 (5) | 7 (6) | 0 (0) | 0.31 |
| Echocardiography | ||||
| LVEF (%) | 56 ± 6 | 56 ± 6 | 53 ± 6 | 0.02 |
| Mitral regurgitation (grade) | 0.54a | |||
| Mild, n (%) | 58 (43) | 48 (41) | 10 (59) | |
| Moderate, n (%) | 27 (20) | 24 (21) | 3 (18) | |
| Severe, n (%) | 17 (13) | 16 (14) | 1 (6) | |
| MAD, n (%) | 125 (92) | 108 (91) | 17 (100) | 0.60 |
| Bileaflet MVP, n (%) | 58 (43) | 50 (42) | 8 (47) | 0.72 |
| Cardiac MR (n = 129) | ||||
| LGE myocardium, n (%) | 17 (19) | 14 (18) | 3 (21) | 0.72 |
| LGE papillary muscles, n (%) | 18 (20) | 13 (17) | 5 (35) | 0.15 |
| 24-h ECG (n = 103) | ||||
| PVC burden, n per 24 h (IQR) | 287 (50–3262) | 269 (43–1343) | 4640 (277–10 861) | 0.01 |
| nsVT, n (%) | 22 (21) | 18 (20) | 4 (36) | 0.24 |
| . | Total . | No severe VA . | Severe VA . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | n = 136 . | n = 119 . | n = 17 . | . |
| Age at inclusion, year (IQR) | 48 (35–59) | 52 (38–60) | 34 (24–48) | <0.01 |
| Female, n (%) | 84 (61) | 73 (61) | 11 (64) | 0.79 |
| Family history of SCD, n (%) | 9 (7) | 8 (7) | 1 (6) | 0.99 |
| Exercise | ||||
| Total lifetime exercise dose, MET hours/week (IQR) | 14 (6–30) | 14 (6–31) | 17 (9–27) | 0.34 |
| Lifetime high intensity exercise dose, MET hours/week (IQR) | 10 (3–24) | 9 (2–23) | 10 (6–27) | 0.34 |
| Electrocardiogram | ||||
| T-wave inversions, n (%) | 29 (22) | 25 (21) | 4 (23) | 0.75 |
| Long QT, n (%) | 7 (5) | 7 (6) | 0 (0) | 0.31 |
| Echocardiography | ||||
| LVEF (%) | 56 ± 6 | 56 ± 6 | 53 ± 6 | 0.02 |
| Mitral regurgitation (grade) | 0.54a | |||
| Mild, n (%) | 58 (43) | 48 (41) | 10 (59) | |
| Moderate, n (%) | 27 (20) | 24 (21) | 3 (18) | |
| Severe, n (%) | 17 (13) | 16 (14) | 1 (6) | |
| MAD, n (%) | 125 (92) | 108 (91) | 17 (100) | 0.60 |
| Bileaflet MVP, n (%) | 58 (43) | 50 (42) | 8 (47) | 0.72 |
| Cardiac MR (n = 129) | ||||
| LGE myocardium, n (%) | 17 (19) | 14 (18) | 3 (21) | 0.72 |
| LGE papillary muscles, n (%) | 18 (20) | 13 (17) | 5 (35) | 0.15 |
| 24-h ECG (n = 103) | ||||
| PVC burden, n per 24 h (IQR) | 287 (50–3262) | 269 (43–1343) | 4640 (277–10 861) | 0.01 |
| nsVT, n (%) | 22 (21) | 18 (20) | 4 (36) | 0.24 |
P-values from Student’s t-test, Mann–Whitney U test, χ2 test, or Fisher exact test. The meaning of using bold was to emphasize the subheadings in the tables with the corresponding values underneath. For instance subheading Electrocardiogram with the corresponding values beneath: T-wave inversion and Long QT.
MR, magnetic resonance; LGE, late gadolinium enhancement; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MAD, mitral annular disjunction; MET, metabolic equivalents of task; MVP, mitral valve prolapse; nsVT, non-sustained ventricular tachycardia; PVC, premature ventricular complex; SCD, sudden cardiac death; VA, ventricular arrhythmia.
aOne-way ANOVA between the groups, as appropriate.
This PDF is available to Subscribers Only
View Article Abstract & Purchase OptionsFor full access to this pdf, sign in to an existing account, or purchase an annual subscription.
